Regarding how to do online shopping, the Chopper Party can skip it. Since someone has raised this question, it must be that they want to buy things online, want to try but don’t know how to do it, but they can’t pull their faces and ask people. Then let me be a guide and open the door to online shopping for you. Nowadays, Internet e-commerce is in full bloom, and many e-commerce platforms provide us with online shopping channels. E-commerce platforms are like Taobao, Tmall, JD.COM, Suning.cn, Gome and so on … … The shopping methods of various e-commerce platforms are similar, so take Taobao, which has the widest audience.

　　Enter the homepage of Taobao, and enter what you want to buy in the search box at the top and middle of the page. We enter "iPhone 6 phone case" here, and press Enter to jump to the page related to iPhone 6 phone. Cards with information such as price marked below the picture are the goods of Taobao sellers. Click on the card to enter the Taobao shop, which contains detailed information of the goods in the card, such as product style, buyer evaluation, seller information and so on.

　　After shopping around, you can choose the right product and put it in Taobao shopping cart for purchase settlement. After selecting the product type and style, click Buy Now, which will remind you to log in to Taobao account. If you don’t have a Taobao number, you need to click Register to apply for a Taobao account, and bind your mobile phone number, Alipay account, bank card, etc. according to the prompts (after the first registration is completed, you only need to log in to the account for the next shopping).

　　Enter the payment interface, first see if the information of the goods you bought is in line with it, in case you buy it wrong (even if you buy the wrong items, don’t worry, Taobao has a mature return process). Set the contact information and delivery address to determine the purchase of goods.

　　Enter the payment password to place an order. Waiting for the seller to deliver the goods, according to the speed of delivery and the distance from the delivery address to the receiving address, the goods will arrive in a few days.

　　This is the end of the tutorial on how to do online shopping. Shop online according to the above steps. I wish you a happy online shopping.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the center of Typhoon KOINU (super typhoon) No.14 this year is located at 8: 00 am today (3rd) in the northwest Pacific Ocean about 465 kilometers south-east of Guluanbi, Taiwan Province, China, which is 20.6 degrees north latitude and 125.1 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 16 (52 meters per second).

　　It is estimated that "Little Dog" will move to the northwest at a speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour, and gradually approach the southern coast of Taiwan Province Island, with little change in intensity. It will land or brush the southern coast of Taiwan Province Island (strong typhoon level, 45-50 m/s, 14-15) from the night of the 4th to the morning of the 5th, and then move to the west, and its intensity will gradually weaken.

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on the 3rd to 14: 00 on the 4th, there will be 6-8 winds in the southern part of the East China Sea and the waters near Diaoyu Island, east of Taiwan Province, bashi channel, Taiwan Province Strait, northeastern South China Sea, coastal areas of Zhejiang, Fujian and Taiwan Province Island, 9-12 winds in the southeast of Taiwan Province Island, 13-16 winds in the nearby sea passing by Little Dog Center, and 17 gusts.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

　　Reporter Shi Dongbai, Fang Liang and Yang Zhonghou reported that on the morning of March 29th, the groundbreaking ceremony of the fine chemical and raw material engineering project was held in Panjin. Hao Peng, secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of Provincial People’s Congress, attended the groundbreaking ceremony and announced the commencement. Li Lecheng, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Governor, Hallerby, Saudi Ambassador to China, Liu Shiquan, Chairman of China North Industries Group, and Qatani, Executive Vice President of Saudi Aramco (hereinafter referred to as Saudi Aramco) attended the groundbreaking ceremony and delivered speeches. Liu Dashan, general manager of China North Industries Group, presided over the groundbreaking ceremony. Before the groundbreaking ceremony, Hao Peng and Li Lecheng met with Katani and his party together with Liu Shiquan and Liu Dashan. On the evening of 28th, Hao Peng and Li Lecheng met with Liu Shiquan and Liu Dashan and their party.

　　The fine chemicals and raw materials engineering project is a comprehensive strategic cooperation project witnessed and promoted by Chairman Supreme Leader and King Salman of Saudi Arabia. It was included in the list of achievements of the second "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum and is a landmark achievement of strategic cooperation between China and Saudi Arabia. The total investment of the project is 83.7 billion yuan, mainly for the construction of 15 million tons/year oil refining, 32 sets of process devices such as ethylene and PX, as well as supporting utilities and auxiliary facilities. After the implementation of the project, it will drive the construction of a number of upstream and downstream industrial chain supporting projects, accelerate the overall construction and layout of industrial chain, value chain, technology chain and innovation chain, promote the transformation and upgrading of petrochemical industry, and help Liaoning achieve a new breakthrough in all-round revitalization. The project is implemented by Huajin Ami Petrochemical Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China North Industries Group, jointly funded by Saudi Aramco and Panjin Xincheng Group.

　　On behalf of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, Li Lecheng extended sincere welcome to the guests attending the event, warmly congratulated the project on its commencement, and expressed heartfelt thanks to people from all walks of life at home and abroad such as Saudi Aramco and China North Industries Group, which have long supported the revitalization and development of Liaoning. He said that Liaoning is an important industrial base and an opening frontier in China. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always attached great importance to Liaoning, and is full of expectations, encouraging us to show greater responsibility and achievements in the revitalization of Northeast China in the new era. At present, Liaoning is fully implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, thoroughly implementing the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the revitalization and development of Northeast China and Liaoning, firmly grasping the primary task of high-quality development, and vigorously implementing the three-year action of comprehensive revitalization and new breakthrough. It is hoped that the three joint ventures will work in the same direction, intensify their work, speed up the progress of the project, and strive for early completion, production and efficiency. Relevant departments directly under the provincial government and Panjin City should establish a "fast track" for serving enterprises and a "green track" for solving problems, strive to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment, create a strong atmosphere of pro-business, valuing business, respecting business and being safe, make every effort to ensure the smooth implementation of the project and ensure that the project takes root and bears fruit on the land of Liaoning.

　　Liu Shiquan extended a warm welcome to all the guests attending the groundbreaking ceremony, and expressed heartfelt thanks to the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, the provincial government and Saudi Aramco for their strong support and great efforts. Liu Shiquan said that the fine chemicals and raw materials engineering project is a key development project for North China Industrial Group to implement the "One Belt, One Road" initiative with high quality, serve the new round of northeast revitalization strategy, promote the adjustment of the industrial structure of the group’s civilian products, and promote the petroleum and petrochemical sector to become stronger, better and bigger. Building and operating this project well is of great significance for North China Industrial Group to achieve high-quality development and build a world-class group company with global competitiveness. Today’s groundbreaking ceremony marks that the fine chemicals and raw materials project has officially entered a new stage of comprehensive construction. I believe that with the strong support and help of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government and the Panjin Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, through the hard work and hard work of all parties to the joint venture, the project will definitely achieve the goals of one-time design, one-time construction success and one-time start-up success, realize the win-win development of all parties to the joint venture, and turn the project into a landmark project of "Belt and Road" construction and a model project of comprehensive strategic cooperation between China and Saudi Arabia.

　　Hallerby said that Saudi-Chinese relations have developed rapidly in recent years, and bilateral cooperation in economic and trade exchanges and other fields has yielded fruitful results and broad prospects. The fine chemicals and raw materials engineering project is an example of pioneering cooperation between Saudi Arabia and China, a key link in China’s future petrochemical industry planning and industrial value chain development, and will also help the northeast of China to fully revitalize. As the world’s leading comprehensive energy company, Saudi Aramco plays a special role in the relations between Saudi Arabia and China. Through the cooperation with Saudi Aramco, the project will provide strong support for the safe, efficient and sustainable development of petrochemical industry and energy in China. Proceeding from the vision of the leaders of the two countries, we believe that our joint efforts will open up a broader space for promoting pragmatic cooperation in various fields, continuously strengthen the comprehensive strategic partnership between Saudi Arabia and China, bring tangible benefits to the two peoples and better benefit the two peoples.

　　Katani thanked all colleagues who played a role in promoting today’s groundbreaking ceremony and thanked Liaoning for its warm reception. He said that today is a historic day to celebrate. With the joint efforts of all parties, fine chemical and raw material engineering projects have reached a new starting point and reached a new height. At present, Saudi Aramco is expanding oil production capacity, continuously reducing carbon intensity and promoting energy transformation. This project is in perfect harmony with the downstream strategy of Saudi Aramco, and will become a model for the development of modern petrochemical industry in China. Based on this project, we will promote all parties to carry out in-depth cooperation, ensure the safe and reliable operation of business, create more employment opportunities and better create social value, and contribute to the long-term energy security and high-quality development of China and the revitalization and development of Liaoning.

　　Hao Peng and Li Lecheng, on behalf of the provincial party committee and government, welcomed the arrival of Qatani and his party and thanked Saudi Aramco for its efforts to promote the project construction. Hao Peng said that under the strategic guidance of the Supreme Leader Chairman and Saudi King Salman, China-Saudi Arabia relations have made great progress, which not only benefited the two peoples, but also laid a foundation for promoting economic and trade cooperation. The fine chemical and raw material engineering projects started this time are the landmark achievements of China-Saudi Arabia strategic cooperation. Saudi Aramco is a world-famous petrochemical enterprise, which has created extraordinary business performance. Liaoning is an important industrial base in China, with a solid industrial base, obvious location advantages and a strong sense of openness. It has good economic and trade cooperation and cultural exchanges with many countries and regions in the world, and there is a broad foundation for further deepening cooperation with Saudi Arabia. At present, Liaoning has thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader and Chairman, accelerated the new breakthrough of all-round revitalization, worked hard all over the province, and all undertakings are thriving, which is welcoming great opportunities for great development and rapid development. Fine chemical and raw material engineering projects are the "highlights" of Liaoning’s accelerated project construction this year, which will surely promote and support the revitalization and development of Northeast China and Liaoning and better benefit the people of China and Saudi Arabia. It is hoped that the three parties will make joint efforts to build fine chemical and raw material engineering projects into high-standard and high-quality demonstration projects. As the host, Liaoning will vigorously create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international business environment to provide a strong guarantee for the construction and operation of the project.I hope that we can take this cooperation as an opportunity to continuously create a new situation of deepening cooperation, and hope that Saudi Aramco will introduce Liaoning to the world more and drive more enterprises to develop in Liaoning.

　　Katani said that today, we are witnessing the start of the construction of the landmark project of fine chemicals and raw materials engineering. I believe that with the close cooperation of the three parties, we will be able to build a world-class petrochemical integrated device, build and operate the project well, bring benefits to all parties and contribute to the revitalization of the Northeast.

　　When meeting with Liu Shiquan and Liu Dashan, Hao Peng and Li Lecheng, on behalf of the provincial party committee and government, expressed their gratitude to China North Industries Group for its long-term support for Liaoning’s revitalization and development. Hao Peng said that it is of great significance for Liaoning to accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure, vigorously develop the fine chemical industry, and promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of economy by thoroughly implementing the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the revitalization and development of Northeast China and Liaoning, and launching the three-year action of comprehensive revitalization and new breakthrough, and starting the construction of fine chemical and raw material engineering projects in the first year. Liaoning Province and Panjin City will go all out to do all the supporting work to ensure the smooth progress of the project.

　　Responsible persons of Saudi Aramco, responsible comrades of relevant departments of China North Industries Group, responsible comrades of relevant central enterprises, and provincial leaders Wang Jian, Zhang Chengzhong, Jiang Youwei, Jin Guowei, Shao Lin and Yang Zhonglin attended. Relevant units and departments directly under the provincial (central) government, leading comrades in Jinzhou, Yingkou and Panjin, representatives of relevant cooperation units and partners, employees of Huajin Group and representatives of construction units attended.

Special feature of 1905 film network After the large-scale movie, the popularity of the film Ne Zha kept rising, and the word-of-mouth "exploded". Douban score has reached 8.7 points, far exceeding the 8.3 points in Return of the Great Sage, setting a new record for domestic animation score in recent years.

As an animated film, Ne Zha has successfully subverted countless audiences’ definitions of animation and traditional myths, and has become one of the national masterpieces suitable for all ages. Many friends in the graphic studio of 1905 Movie Network watched this movie in advance, and some people predicted that it would be the first domestic animation to win 1 billion+box office. Some people affirmed that this film represents the highest level of domestic animated films at present; However, some people have pointed out that this film is "unfriendly".

　

Five years 10/10

　

Nezha, a Xiong Haizi, feels like a combination of The Return of the Great Sage and The Big Fish Begonia. It tells a good story and is supported by first-class visual effects. The first billion+of domestic animation may not be far away, and it is more likely to become a strong contender for the box office champion in 2019.

　

Milo 8/10

　

It is no exaggeration to say that Nezha represents the highest level of domestic animated films both in story and technology. Like the explosion of White Snake: The Origin at the beginning of the year, both of them boldly adapted and reconstructed the classic legends successfully in the modern context. Nezha is very successful in image and personnel design, which can be said to be the most vivid and three-dimensional protagonist image in recent years.

　

Just like the phrase "My life is up to me" shouted by Nezha, the whole animation is filled with a kind of arrogant madness from story to special effects. Whether it’s the fierce battle in Chentangguan, where the last wave is higher than the last wave, or the paragraphs of the picture of the country and the country, it shows the director’s eclectic imagination while showing the technical level of the country. The director himself switched from a medical student to animation, and his ten-year experience is quite "going against the sky and changing his life".

　

Please blow up "Nezha" more violently in this quiet summer file!

Weishmer 7/10

　

There are two worlds in Ne Zha.

　

One is Chentangguan, and the other is the map of mountains and rivers by Taiyi — — Holding a "pointing pen", you have the ability to "create".

　

《Map of mountains and rivers"is a myth in mythology. For the first time, Taiyi real people entered the picture with his apprentice Nezha, and they started all kinds of essays dancing and jaw-dropping wonders in Nezha. The scenery is for Nezha and, of course, for the audience. There is a picture of Nezha’s back to the audience, and the audience is consistent with Nezha’s perspective, which is full of substitution.

　

The picture depends on the imagination of Taiyi’s real person, and the film depends on the imagination of the director. Taiyi real people want to please Nezha, and the director is also trying to please the audience — — In a way that seems deviant.

　

Before the release of Ne Zha, the biggest controversy was the adaptation of Nezha’s image. "jiaozi (film director)" version of Nezha is ugly and fierce, which makes people love it. Then, Nezha became handsome, and formed "lotus root cake" CP with "sworn enemy" Ao Bing.

　

Want to see "shit", "Nezha" meets you; Want to see special effects, "Nezha" meets you; Want to see the picture, "Nezha" meets you; Want to see handsome guys, "Nezha" satisfies you. The director is like the real Taiyi. "I’ll draw you anything you want to see."

　

In my opinion, this flattering hodgepodge really runs counter to the "rebellious spirit" declared by the film. Nezha, who shouted "My life depends on me", was just a Xiong Haizi after all.

Liusen 7/10

　

Finally, I saw a domestic animation with a story arrangement that was not embarrassing. The previous ones were somewhat far-fetched in the connection of the plot, and even "unfinished" at the end. However, the plot of this Nezha is very complete, without much skill, but it tells a story in a down-to-earth manner.

　

However, there is actually one thing here, which is particularly unfriendly in the design of "punchline".

　

Using Shen Gongbao’s stuttering and strong female voice as a stalk to get the punch line is indeed a funny thing for many viewers. However, in such a film that emphasizes "being yourself and not believing in life", it is very low-level and disrespectful to such groups in reality. What’s more, this is a movie that emphasizes family fun and attracts children into the cinema.

Ke Nuo 6.5/10

Four years later, the frenzied atmosphere of The Return of the Great Sage is back, which is really familiar. In a cry for the rise of the country, we should still maintain a little rationality. From Qui-Ba, the real rise of domestic animation is the technical level. The role modeling is getting more and more realistic, the action scene is getting bigger and bigger, and the imagination paragraphs are also improved a lot, but the progress in drama is really not great.

　

The main story of Nezha is clear, which reasonably innovates the father-son relationship between Nezha and Li Jing, and the twin combination of Nezha and Ao Bing also meets the specific fan groups with obvious intentions. However, at the same time, it is filled with a lot of jokes and irrelevant jokes. The comedy of "shit and fart" has a vulgar surface, and the dialogue paragraphs woven for the current context are out of date, such as fingerprint unlocking. These paragraphs interspersed from time to time are very destructive to the narrative rhythm and overall impression.

　

The spiritual core of Nezha’s rebellion against the patriarchal system, such as "eviscerating bones for flesh" and "remolding flesh", is absent, and it is changed to the slogan "My life is up to me". Burning, but empty. The final climax in the film is very long, but each wave is not stronger than the other, and it is a little weak.

Nezha’s appeal to the commercial market is greater than its pursuit of a higher level of artistic expression. Really good animation and movies are not to cater to the audience, but to lead the audience. This is the long-term thing.

swi 7/10

If you count the filter, you will get a higher score for Nezha, but the director has received enough praise. The picture of the film is completely aesthetic, especially the design of the dragon side, the scene before the war (no spoiler? ) It is not only obedient to logic, but also beautiful and burning.

There are not a few original film and television adaptations. Nezha has made great changes to Nezha, Ao Bing and Shen Gongbao, which is also the most "modern" and "contemporary" creation of this film. Many people are deeply impressed by the classic "What’s wrong with the sea", which can never be surpassed by repetition. It is easier to make new audiences like this story by finding another way.

Personally, I have reservations about a large number of stalks in Nezha. Of course, different people have different opinions, and the design of grounding gas can be regarded as a double-edged sword.

Interview video

Interview site

　　Vaccination is the most direct and effective measure to prevent infectious diseases. Recently, Covid-19 vaccination for people aged 3-11 was launched in many places in Henan Province. On the afternoon of November 2nd, Lu Mingxia, director of the Monitoring Room 1 of the Institute of Immunization Planning of the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, visited the Online Interview section of the Henan government website to answer questions about children’s Covid-19 vaccination.

　　Vaccination is very important for high incidence of respiratory diseases in autumn and winter.

　　Is it necessary for children to get COVID-19 vaccine? Lu Mingxia said: "Autumn and winter are the seasons with high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases, such as influenza. There may be the risk of influenza virus and Covid-19 overlapping epidemic in autumn and winter this year. Vaccination is the most economical and effective means to prevent infectious diseases. If you are not vaccinated, you are always susceptible to infection and are likely to be infected. It is very necessary to vaccinate. "

　　Regarding the safety of vaccines, Lu Mingxia introduced that on the basis of previous vaccination work, China has carried out relevant research on the use of Covid-19 vaccines among people aged 3-11. Studies have shown that the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 are not significantly different from those over 18 years old.

　　There are two doses of Covid-19 vaccine for children. It is not recommended to vaccinate those who have a history of allergy.

　　What Covid-19 vaccines are suitable for children aged 3-11? Lu Mingxia said that at present, people aged 3-11 in Henan Province use vaccines produced by Sinopharm Beijing Institute, Sinopharm Wuhan Institute and Beijing Kexing Zhongwei, all of which are inactivated vaccines. The vaccine needs to be inoculated in two doses. After the first dose, it needs to be inoculated at least 21 days at intervals of 3-8 weeks, and the second dose should be completed within 56 days. If you miss the best interval, you can replant the second injection as soon as possible without re-inoculation.

　　"It should be noted that you are allergic to the ingredients contained in the vaccine, or you are allergic when you have been vaccinated with similar vaccines before; There have been severe allergic reactions to vaccines in the past; Suffering from uncontrolled epilepsy or other serious nervous system diseases; Children who are suffering from fever, acute diseases, or the onset of chronic diseases, or patients with uncontrolled serious chronic diseases are not recommended to be vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine. " Lu Mingxia said.

　　Vaccinate according to children’s health, and pay attention to the vaccination interval.

　　What problems should we pay attention to when vaccinating Covid-19 vaccine? Lu Mingxia reminded parents and friends to know about vaccines and diseases in advance and bring a vaccination certificate. At the time of vaccination, it is necessary to truthfully explain the child’s health to the vaccination doctor, and the doctor will judge whether it is possible to vaccinate. Observe for 30 minutes after inoculation, do not take strenuous activities, and keep a regular life and a light diet.

　　Besides, can Covid-19 vaccine be vaccinated at the same time as other immunization vaccines? Lu Mingxia said that children aged 3-11, especially 3-6, have routine vaccines, such as AC polysaccharide vaccine at 3 years old, sugar pill at 4 years old, DTP at 6 years old and the second injection of AC polysaccharide. The interval between routine vaccine and Covid-19 vaccine should be more than 14 days. If there are special circumstances to vaccinate rabies vaccine, immunoglobulin or tetanus for human use, the interval may not be considered. (Wentu/Chen Jing Zhao Meng Moderator/thomas lee Photography/Mu Yi Jia Zhihao)

　　[Original Test Drive] The second generation is a brand-new model that was unveiled in north american auto show in January this year, and we met with it at the Shanghai Auto Show in April this year. After that, all the preparations for listing were well-organized but quickly. It’s October in a blink of an eye, and it’s time to get in touch with the new SRX, so we packed our bags and came to Shanghai, smiling and ready to say hello to the new SRX.

The sharp and dazzling shape design is an absolute film killer.

　　Since the first meeting at the Shanghai Auto Show, we have been deeply impressed by the sharp appearance of the new SRX, which can be said to be one of the highlights of the new model. The outline of the whole vehicle is more distinct than that of the previous generation SRX, which shows that the designer is pursuing a combination of art and technology. We have described the exterior interior design in detail in the real shot article of the new SRX before. Interested readers can click on the picture below to browse the real shot article. This paper only explains some details of the shape.

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　　The car system was defined as a model at the beginning of design, but compared with the flat shape of the high chassis of the previous generation SRX, it is obvious that the new appearance of the new SRX is more in line with Cadillac’s product concept of "eye-catching style". Like most and the first to open up the cross-border SUV field, the new SRX is also a combination with SUV models.

　　20-inch large wheels are rare even on large SUV models, so the new SRX of medium-sized crossover SUV is equipped with this configuration, which gives some surprises. High-profile chrome-plated painting can reflect the flamboyant American style, but the larger the size of the wheel hub, the greater the self-weight, which may have some influence on the dynamic performance.

　　The headlights of the new SRX are not only eye-catching, but also excellent in functionality. In the high-profile version, this xenon headlight has the functions of curve auxiliary lighting and automatic adjustment of light level. The specific performance of the latter is that the new SRX can lower the headlight light height when going uphill to avoid causing trouble to the opposite car, while raising the headlight light height when going downhill to increase the lighting range.

　　Big data is the product of the development of informatization to a certain stage. With the deep integration of information technology and human production and life, the Internet is rapidly popularized, and global data is characterized by explosive growth and massive aggregation, which has had a great impact on economic development, social progress, national governance and people’s lives. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out in the second collective study on the implementation of the national big data strategy in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee that big data is developing with each passing day. We should assess the situation, carefully plan, advance the layout, strive for initiative, deeply understand the current situation and trend of big data development and its impact on economic and social development, analyze the achievements and existing problems in China’s big data development, promote the implementation of the national big data strategy, accelerate the improvement of digital infrastructure, promote the integration and open sharing of data resources, ensure data security, and accelerate the construction of digital China. The spirit of this important speech has pointed out the direction and tasks for promoting the implementation of the national big data strategy.

　　China’s big data development has unique advantages.

　　Looking at the world, China’s big data development has unique advantages. Although many countries regard economic digitalization as an important kinetic energy to realize innovation and development, and make forward-looking layout in cutting-edge technology research and development, open data sharing, privacy and security protection, personnel training and other aspects, some developed countries have also introduced big data development plans one after another, but no country can promote the development of big data as a national strategy like China, and continue to promote it in depth. In 2015, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed "Implementing the National Big Data Strategy"; In 2016, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines the directional goals and tasks for comprehensively promoting the development of big data; In 2017, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed "promoting the deep integration of Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and real economy". This continuous direction guidance and top-level design have made China in the forefront of the world in terms of big data development planning and layout, policy support, capital investment, technology research and development, innovation and entrepreneurship. Moreover, China has the advantages of scale and diversification in data resources, and a late-comer advantage in Internet and mobile Internet data applications, and a number of innovative enterprises based on big data applications have emerged. All these show that China has a good foundation and conditions for using big data to promote innovation and development, and also shows the extreme importance and correctness of the implementation of big data strategy by the party and the state.

　　But we must also see that the development of big data in China is still in its infancy as a whole. Although the pattern of rapid development has basically taken shape, it faces many challenges in terms of open sharing of data, breakthroughs in core technologies, and development driven by big data. In promoting the implementation of the national big data strategy, the practice path is still not clear enough, and the cognition of demand is still vague; The open sharing of data lags behind, and the data resource dividend has not been fully released; The profit model of enterprises is unstable, and the toughness and integrity of the industrial chain are insufficient; The core technology has not made a major breakthrough, and its application is still at a low level; There are loopholes in security management and privacy protection, and the system is still not perfect; The market activity is not enough and the supply of talents is seriously insufficient. These outstanding problems are the main factors that restrict the development of big data in China. At present, the development of big data is entering a critical period from concept promotion to application landing. It is very important and necessary to scientifically understand big data and enhance the ability to grasp the development law of big data.

　　Accurately grasp the law of big data value generation

　　Fundamentally speaking, the problems that restrict the development of big data in China largely stem from the level of understanding and thinking, that is, from the unclear understanding of the connotation of big data and the mechanism and law of the generation of big data value. The value of big data has its inherent laws. Only by deeply understanding and mastering these laws can we improve our ability to use big data scientifically.

　　A large amount of data is a prerequisite for the value of big data. When the amount of data is not large enough, they are just discrete "fragments", and it is difficult for people to understand the stories behind them. With the increasing amount of data, after reaching and exceeding a certain critical value, these "fragments" will show regularity on the whole and reflect the nature of things behind the data to some extent. This shows that a large amount of data is the premise of data value, and big data has great value. The "big" of big data is relative and related to the issues of concern. Generally speaking, the more macroscopic the problem to be analyzed and solved, the greater the amount of data needed.

　　Data association is the basis of realizing the value of big data. The problems solved by using big data usually involve multi-departments, multi-fields, multi-individuals and multi-perspectives. The accumulation of pure data may not necessarily make people understand the overall situation of things. Only by gathering and correlating data from different sides and different parts can we have a holistic and essential understanding of things. Data aggregation makes data possible to generate value, and data association makes data realize value, so it is necessary to promote open sharing of data. Governments and enterprises are the main owners of big data. To promote the transformation of big data into development momentum, it is necessary to ensure data supply and reasonable, legal and open sharing.

　　Computational analysis makes big data ultimately generate value. Big data is usually of great value but low value density, so it is difficult to extract value by direct reading. Only through the comprehensive use of mathematics, statistics, computers and other tools for big data analysis can big data generate value and complete the transformation from data to information to knowledge and decision-making. The big data value chain includes data collection, circulation, storage, analysis and processing, application and other links, among which analysis and processing are the core. If you only store it without analyzing it, it is equivalent to buying rice without cooking, which will not produce practical benefits. At present, China’s big data industry is too concentrated in some links (such as storage) and there is a danger of overcapacity, but the production capacity in the analysis and processing links is seriously insufficient, which should attract attention. We should also see that the traditional statistical methods and data mining methods used to analyze data are not applicable to big data, and we must rebuild the statistical basis, calculation basis and data mining method basis of big data.

　　Widespread use has multiplied the benefits of big data. Big data and its products have the characteristics of easy replication, low cost, superimposed appreciation and spread appreciation, and can be widely, repeatedly and superimposed, with high marginal utility and positive externalities. The same set of data can not only be provided to different users at a lower cost under the premise of rationality and legality, so that a single data can serve multiple subjects; But also for different purposes, using different methods for analysis, so that a single data can produce diverse values. Therefore, big data can be put into use once and used repeatedly, resulting in multiple benefits, which is conducive to improving the ability of all walks of life to apply data to solve difficulties and problems.

　　Big data is a new production factor and an important basic strategic resource, which contains great value. After deep excavation and application, it can effectively promote economic transformation and development, reshape the country’s competitive advantage, and improve the modernization level of national governance. Big data can be instigated by system, accumulation and technology, so it can become a driving force for the development of underdeveloped areas. Big data has universal technology, which can be widely and deeply applied in various fields such as enterprise production, government management and social governance, and improvement of people’s livelihood, resulting in incalculable value and benefits. Leading cadres at all levels, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs and even the whole people should form big data thinking, raise their awareness of using big data consciously, legally and effectively, enhance their ability to use data to promote various tasks, and make big data play a greater role in economic and social development.

　　Break through the bottleneck and implement the national big data strategy in depth

　　Comrade Supreme Leader’s important exposition on "analyzing the achievements and existing problems in China’s big data development and promoting the implementation of the national big data strategy" shows that to promote the implementation of the national big data strategy, we must adhere to the problem orientation, size up the situation, carefully plan, advance the layout, strive for initiative, and strive to break through the bottleneck of big data development.

　　Solve the problem of macro-planning landing. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and the important speech made by the Supreme Leader in the second collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee have made macro-planning and top-level design for the implementation of the big data strategy. Government departments at all levels should formulate detailed implementation rules as soon as possible to solve the problems of macro-planning and top-level design. First, it is necessary to fill in the shortcomings of gathering data and analyzing data, but also to guard against overcapacity in storage and other links, prevent heavy storage and light analysis, and promote the healthy development of the big data industry. Second, guide the rational layout of data centers, give full play to the role of national engineering laboratories for big data, integrate scattered data resources, and promote the efficient collection and effective integration of big data in key areas. Third, promote the integration and open sharing of data resources to ensure the supply of data resources. Fourth, seize the opportunity of "One Belt, One Road" construction and promote the cross-border flow of data in an orderly manner.

　　Strengthen core technology research. We should concentrate on collaborative research and break through the top ten technical bottlenecks of big data, including blockchain technology and data exchange technology at the data supply level, big data storage management technology, distributed computing technology and programming language technology at the data processing level, big data basic algorithm, machine learning and data intelligence technology at the data analysis level, and big data visualization and authenticity determination technology at the big data application level. Strengthen the research on the basic problems of big data science, and make a forward-looking layout around major basic research such as the theoretical system of big data science, big data computing system and analysis theory, and big data-driven subversive applications. Strengthen the comprehensive application of modern information technology, promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and guard against the isolation and conceptualization of modern information technology.

　　Achieve breakthroughs in key areas. To consolidate the advantages of China’s big data development, in addition to promoting the innovation and development of the big data industry, we must also achieve breakthroughs in key areas. First, encourage a number of industries, such as electric power, transportation, finance, Internet and manufacturing, which have a great impact on the national economy, are rich in data and are relatively easy to share, to take the lead in using big data to accelerate development, and play a demonstration and driving role. The second is to promote big data to achieve key breakthroughs in government governance and people’s livelihood services, such as promoting the active application of big data technology in courts and petition systems, improving the level of government decision-making and risk prevention, promoting the prevention of social contradictions from the source, and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of social governance. The third is to deploy a number of big data application projects in the areas of education, medical care, housing, transportation and other people’s livelihood services, promote the transformation and upgrading of related fields, significantly improve the level of public services, and enhance people’s sense of happiness.

　　Accelerate the construction of talent team. At present, there is a strong demand for talents related to the development of big data, and it is urgent to accelerate the construction of talent teams in related fields. First, by setting up a big data service center, activating the big data industry market and strengthening education and training, we will encourage talents in the fields of mathematics, computer science and information technology to transform into the field of big data. Second, according to the development needs, improve supporting measures, encourage overseas high-end talents to return to China, and actively introduce high-level talents and leading talents of big data. The third is to build a multi-level big data talent training system, encourage universities to set up data science and data engineering related majors, and encourage cross-school joint training to carry out interdisciplinary big data comprehensive talents training. The fourth is to implement collaborative education among industries, societies and universities, and cultivate innovative talents in big data technology and application.

　　Effectively protect national data security. Big data contains a huge amount of information. With the wide application of big data, national data security has gradually become an important part of national security. The fundamental policy to ensure national data security is to build an independent and controllable big data security system. We should take the construction of various important national information infrastructures as a breakthrough, promote the large-scale application of domestic chips, domestic network equipment, domestic operating systems, domestic databases, domestic cloud platforms, cloud storage, cloud security and other key software and hardware products, and realize the autonomy of key software and hardware by stages. Strengthen the innovative application of big data technology in the field of information security, strengthen the research and development of key security technologies, seize the opportunities of security technologies based on big data, form the advantages of independent core technologies, improve the level of China’s big data security technology, and gradually form a pattern of transmission, storage, mining and publishing of big data based on independently controllable technologies and equipment. We should also speed up the construction of laws and regulations, clarify the data rights and interests of the state, collectives and individuals under the legal framework, formulate relevant systems for the confirmation, opening, circulation and transaction of data resources, improve the data property protection system, and effectively safeguard people’s interests, social stability and national security. (Author: Xu Zongben China Academy of Sciences, Zhang Hongyun, Associate Professor, School of Management, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University)

Hongqi Guoya’s new color matching official map was released

On May 7th, FAW Hongqi unveiled the latest body color of Guoya model-blue painting, showing a strong sense of movement. As a heavyweight product of the sunflower brand, Guoya, Guoyue, Guoyao and Guoli are also called the "four donkey kong" of the brand, belonging to the high-end car series. Guoya is located in the large car market, with a body length of more than 5 m 3, which directly compares with luxury models such as Bentley Speeding and Maibakh S-Class, with its huge size and extraordinary momentum.

In terms of design, the front face of the new car presents a strong gas field, following the family design language, and the vertical front face is designed with a rectangular grille decorated with chrome. The grille structure is like a delicate comb tooth, which is highly recognizable. The headlights are parabolic in shape, with a straight bottom and a built-in matrix light source. The front enclosure looks like a smiling expression, supplemented by a black grid and an air guide groove with obvious light and shadow effects, giving the front face of the vehicle a distinct personality. Hongqi Guoya’s new color matching official map was released.

On the side of the car body, Guoya exudes a mature and steady atmosphere, the front part is solid, and the back part is more concise, emitting a classical charm. The body lines are smooth, chrome trim embellishes the lower part, and it is equipped with unique multi-spoke wheels. Its design seems to be inspired by turbine blades, which adds dynamism and fashion.

In the rear part, Guoya also shows a strong sense of existence, and the simple design reveals calmness. The tail slightly leans forward, the taillight design echoes the headlights, and the chrome-plated decoration rich in China elements shows ingenuity in details. The size of the car is 5353/1998/1511 mm, the wheelbase is 3260 mm, and the overall size is spectacular.

The interior design is luxurious, the blue and rice colors are matched to create an elegant atmosphere, the materials are exquisite, and the details are classic and exquisite. The second row of seats is spacious and comfortable, with strong wrapping, and the design of double independent seats shows dignity. In terms of power system, Guoya offers 3.0T and 4.0T hybrid power options, with maximum power of 290kW and 360kW respectively, with strong performance.

Hongqi Guoya’s new color matching official map was released.

Hongqi Guoya’s new color matching official map was released.

On the History of Cars, No.10:From the initial conception, to the ROAD ROVER test drive, and finally to the original RANGE ROVER () as we know it, more than ten years have quietly flown by. By June 1970, this car series, which had a considerable influence in automobile history, finally appeared.Past Review: Click to view the 9th article — — History of Range Rover Cars (Prequel)

To some extent, it has many similarities with the earlier International Scout, Jeep Wagoneer or Bronco. They all provide better road driving performance and more comfortable interior while maintaining most of the off-road capabilities of the contemporary purebred off-road vehicles — — In other words, they are all the earliest SUV models, although no one had heard the word at that time.

But I have to say that they are quite different.

2Steel-aluminum mixed car body

Steel-aluminum mixed car body

Today’s vast majority of car fans, even today’s vast majority of Land Rover fans or riders, will probably think that the fourth-generation Range Rover, which was officially mass-produced in 2012, is the first model in the history of Range Rover to use a lot of aluminum alloy materials. However, this is not the case. The original Range Rover, which was put into production in 1970, has actually started to use aluminum alloys on a large scale.

△ The fourth generation Range Rover is the first Range Rover that uses a lot of aluminum alloy materials? No, all wet. The one behind her is.

When it comes to the whole Land Rover brand, aluminum alloy has been widely used since its birth. This was largely because it was difficult for ROVER Motor Company to buy enough steel — — In the early postwar period, Britain continued to maintain the rationing system during the war for quite a long time because of insufficient materials. At that time, there was a great gap in steel production in Britain, and because of the war, a large number of aluminum alloys, even magnesium-aluminum alloys, prepared for the aviation industry had a lot of redundancy — — Therefore, the engineers of ROVER used the magnesium-aluminum alloy body that looks extremely tall today on the original model of Land Rover, Land Rover Series I, with a steel chassis.

△ Land Rover has a long tradition of using aluminum alloy. The original Land Rover Series I was already a magnesium-aluminum alloy body with a steel chassis — — Of course, it must be said that the early Land Rover used magnesium-aluminum alloy, which was somewhat helpless.

On the other hand, this last resort has no adverse effect on Land Rover: compared with all kinds of steel that are more common in mass production vehicles, all kinds of aluminum alloys, including magnesium-aluminum alloys, are relatively low in density, so they are lighter in the same volume. At the same time, aluminum alloys are good in plasticity, easy to be processed into various shapes, excellent in strength and stronger in corrosion resistance than ordinary steel. If the supply is abundant and the price is low, aluminum alloy is simply the best choice as the body material of off-road vehicles.

△ The sectional view of the previous model of the original Range Rover, which is made of steel frame with aluminum alloy sheet metal installed outside.

Good plasticity means easy repair, light weight means that the high center of gravity of off-road vehicles can be reduced somewhat, while corrosion resistance and high strength mean more adaptability in the wild. Yes, all these are advantages. However, the premise is that the cost is not too sensational. Land Rover Series I directly uses magnesium-aluminum alloy used in the aviation industry, in fact, more because it is war surplus materials during World War II, and the price is quite low. If it is the usual material supply, the price of magnesium-aluminum alloy for aviation is simply shocking, which will definitely make Land Rover Series I become a complete luxury from such a "returning weapon".

By the time of the first generation of Range Rover, although it was no longer possible to obtain cheap materials such as aluminum-magnesium alloy by using the surplus materials of World War II, Land Rover still maintained its original tradition and used a large number of aluminum alloy materials. On the original Range Rover, except the rear door and engine compartment cover, the whole body sheet metal is made of aluminum alloy.

△ Until the Land Rover Series III in the 1970s, its body was still made entirely of aluminum alloy.

However, unlike the ordinary Land ROVER in the same period, the whole body is basically made of aluminum alloy. Because of its large body size, Range Rover used the "Safety Frame" structure that was previously used on ROVER P6 series cars (which was one of the most acclaimed and best-selling cars in Rover at that time). That is to say, the frame is mainly made of steel, and the aluminum plate is mainly used for sheet metal. Under the technical conditions at that time, this design provided better rigidity and durability, and at the same time, the characteristics of easy repair and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy were maximized.

△ The original Range Rover used the "Safety Frame" structure first used in ROVER P6 car series — — Combining the main structure of steel frame with aluminum alloy sheet metal (the picture shows ROVER 2000, the first mass production model of ROVER P6).

The steel frame of the car body was naturally designed by Range Rover’s team of engineers. In order to carry out the road test, the team of engineers added sheet metal to the trial steel frame to simply protect the occupants and internal mechanical structure of the car, and at the same time, let the trial car meet the requirements of legal road driving in the UK. However, these casual designs were recognized by the designers inside the team, so that the designer team headed by the famous British automobile designer David Bache didn’t make too many changes at all, and only perfected the headlights and front grille on the trial car, which were too simple and unsightly, and completely determined its styling design.

The shape of the original Range Rover is basically no different from that of the early test car. The designer team appreciates this shape very much, only changing the headlights and the front air intake grille.

Obviously, the judgment of the designer team headed by David Bache is completely correct. The shape of the original Range Rover is really neat and classic. Later, the second and third generation Land Rover Range Rover, as well as previous generations of Land Rover, also inherited many design elements of the original Range Rover, and have been well received by fans.

threeFrom gate three to gate five

From gate three to gate five

In the early years, the Land Rover Range Rover only had three doors, namely two side doors and a tailgate facing up and down, although the Range Rover was originally a five-seat car (of course, there are four-seat versions of the Range Rover today to provide maximum comfort for the back seat). The design of the three doors makes it as inconvenient to enter the back seat as to enter those sports cars with 2+2 seats. Moreover, the design of the three doors also makes the two side doors too big and overweight.

At the beginning of mass production, Range Rover only provided three-door models, and the design of the three-door model actually brought some inconvenience to quite a few consumers.

As a result, in order to solve this problem, in the late 1970s, some small car factories began to produce some five-door models based on the original Range Rover. One of the most famous works comes from Monteverdi, a Swiss car factory specializing in luxury cars and sports cars. This car factory began to develop a five-door Range ROVER in 1978, and the development work was greatly assisted by Rover Motor Company. The five-door Range Rover produced by this car factory — — This car is called RANGE ROVER MONTERDI— — It has been greatly welcomed by the market, which naturally makes ROVER Motor Company unable to do nothing.

After seeing this business opportunity, some third-party manufacturers began to provide five-door models based on self-modification, the most famous of which is RANGE ROVER MONTEVERDI. The development of this car itself has also been greatly assisted by Land Rover.

As a result, in 1981, the five-door version of Range ROVER made by Rover Motor Company was born. This car quickly swept the world, almost completely replacing the original three-door version of the original Range Rover in most markets. Even in some markets, ROVER Motor Company soon stopped selling the original three-door version of the original Range Rover. For example, in Britain, the three-door version of the Range Rover was no longer available since 1984.

RANGE ROVER MONTEVERDI

However, it should be noted that although the sales volume and output of the three-door original Range Rover were greatly reduced after the launch of the five-door model, in order to meet the needs of some markets, it was still produced in 1995, that is, the year when the original Range Rover stopped production, but it was only sold in a few markets such as the French market.

After determining that there is a huge demand for the five-door Range ROVER in the market, Rover also put into production its own five-door Range Rover in 1981.

In 1984, in addition to not selling the three-door version of the original Range Rover in many markets such as Britain, Range Rover began to be upgraded, and leather materials were used in cars, and automatic gearboxes could be selected to meet the needs of the market led by the United States, which hated manual gearboxes. In 1985, its interior was further changed. The instrument panel was changed into a newer style, modified from Austin Maestro, and the door interior panel was changed into a style modified from Austin Metro (with some walnut decoration).

In 1986, the appearance of the original Range Rover was changed for the first time. Since then, the most obvious distinguishing feature of the models produced is that the horizontal air intake grille has been changed.

In 1986, the appearance of Range Rover was slightly changed. The most significant change was the replacement of the front air intake grille. The original vertical air intake grille was replaced by a new horizontal plastic grille, which greatly strengthened the ability of pedestrian protection. In addition, the fog lamp (installed on the front bumper) has also become an optional configuration since then. At the same time, the installation position of the front seat is also reduced, which optimizes the ergonomic characteristics and makes the front driver and passengers more comfortable.

Two long wheelbase versions of the original Range Rover: Range Rover LSE (above) and Range Rover County LWB (below).

In order to improve the comfort of the rear passengers, in 1992, Range Rover introduced a long wheelbase version. The wheelbase of this car is 108 inches, which is 2743mm, which is 8 inches longer than that of the ordinary version — — Whether it is a three-door model or a five-door model, it adopts a wheelbase of 100 inches, that is, 2540 mm. This long wheelbase model is called "LSE" in the UK market and "County LWB" in the US market. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the standard 100-inch wheelbase version of the Range Rover chassis became the basis of the chassis discovered by the original Land Rover in 1989.

Note 2:At that time, both ROVER and Austin belonged to Austin Rover Group, so the original Range Rover used parts from Austin.

fourSuspension and control system

Continuously optimized suspension and control system

A great innovation of the original Range Rover is that it is different from all kinds of off-road vehicles using leaf springs at the same time. At the beginning of the birth of Range Rover, its suspension system — — The suspension form is very hard-core front and rear axle suspension — — Long-stroke coil springs were used, and the rear axle even adopted the design of separating the machine spring, which was extremely rare at that time, to provide good off-road performance and highway driving comfort at the same time.

The original Range Rover took the lead in adopting long-stroke spiral springs among similar models, which gave it quite good off-road performance.

Of course, at that time, this design caused many off-road enthusiasts to question, but the first generation of Range Rover immediately proved itself through off-road performance, and when many years later, other off-road vehicles began to introduce this design on a large scale to provide a larger suspension stroke, the advanced nature of this design was once again proved.

At the same time, it also has the road driving comfort without losing the contemporary family car.

However, the chassis of the original Range Rover can’t be said to be perfect. One disadvantage brought by this set of very soft long-stroke spiral springs (although each of them has a bearing capacity of 1600 pounds) is that the Range Rover will roll when turning at high speed on the highway. Because of this problem, the suspension stroke of the original Range Rover produced in 1980 was reduced by 20mm to improve the stability when driving on the road. Later, the anti-roll bar was added to further improve this performance.

On top of the original Range Rover of the 1993 model released at the end of 1992, it was further equipped with an air suspension system that was almost impossible to see in off-road vehicles at that time — — The air suspension system was first used on large trucks, and in the early 1990s, a few luxury cars began to be used — — At the same time, the road performance and off-road performance are improved.

fivepower-driven system

power-driven system

At the beginning of its publication in June, 1970, the original Range Rover model had only one power unit to choose from. The ROVER V8 engine with a displacement of 3.5L (maximum power of 135ps) was equipped with a 4-speed manual transmission and a full-time four-wheel drive system. This power plant can accelerate the original Range Rover to 100km/h in 15 seconds, and the top speed can reach more than 150 km/h.. Of course, this is not worth mentioning at all today, and it can even be said that it is very bad. However, when it was published in 1970, this performance had completely surpassed the vast majority of family cars in Europe at that time.

3.5L displacement ROVER V8 engine used in the early days of the original Range Rover.

Coupled with the excellent off-road performance and ride comfort of the original Range ROVER model, Rover Motor Company promoted it as "A Car For All Reasons", which is indeed true. In the product cycle of a quarter century, its power has naturally been upgraded: in 1982, a 3-speed automatic gearbox from was added; In 1985, this 3-speed automatic transmission was replaced by a more advanced ZF 4-speed automatic transmission. The 4-speed manual gearbox is gradually replaced by the 5-speed manual gearbox.

At the beginning of publication, the original Range Rover only provided 4MT gearbox.

As for the engine, in 1986, the Zenith-Stromberg carburetor was replaced by the electronic fuel injection system provided by Lucas, which improved the power output, fuel efficiency and emission performance. Since then, with the change of time, its electronic fuel injection system has been improved, and in the final version produced in 1990-1995, it has been updated to Lucas 14CUX. However, in relatively backward and hard areas, Range Rover continues to provide a carburetor-supplied version. In the later carburetor version, the carburetor was changed from the original Zenith-Stromberg carburetor to the version provided by Skinners Union.

The combination of 3.5L V8 engine and +4MT gearbox can make the early model of the original Range Rover complete 0-100km/h acceleration in 15 seconds, and the top speed is more than 150 km/h.

In addition, the displacement of the later Range Rover is also different. In 1990, the displacement of the original Range Rover was expanded to 3.9L, and in 1992 it was further expanded to 4.2L. The acceleration time from 0-100km/h has been shortened to 11 seconds, and the top speed has been increased to about 180km/h for the later models using the ROVER V8 engine with 4.2L displacement and the 4-speed automatic gearbox made by ZF.

In 1990, the engine displacement of the gasoline version of the original Range Rover was increased to 3.9L

Of course, as an off-road vehicle, besides gasoline power, a diesel engine is also essential. Since 1979, ROVER and Perkins have cooperated to implement a project called "Iceberg" (meaning "iceberg"). This project aims to develop a diesel version of the 3.5L V8 engine. At that time, two diesel engines based on 3.5L ROVER V8 were developed, which were naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions.

The 3.9L engine of the original Range Rover produced in 1990-1992.

However, because the diesel engine operates in a compression ignition mode different from that of the gasoline engine, the all-aluminum cylinder block of ROVER V8 — — The early all-aluminum engine strength was not so good — — Can’t bear this high pressure for a long time, so the project failed. However, the efforts to develop the diesel version of ROVER V8 engine were not completely in vain. The 4.2L displacement version of ROVER V8 gasoline engine mentioned earlier used the high-strength crankshaft developed for the "Iceberg" project at that time.

△ The acceleration time from 0-100km/h of the last gasoline version of the original Range Rover has been reduced to 11 seconds, and the top speed has reached about 180 km/h.

After the failure of the "Iceberg" project, ROVER did not give up his efforts to match a diesel engine for the original Range Rover, and finally this wish was realized by outsourcing the engine. Since 1986, Range Rover has produced a practical 2.4L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine provided by VM Motori, an Italian diesel engine manufacturer. The models equipped with this engine are mainly aimed at several European countries with high emission taxes. In 1989, the diesel engine of the original Range Rover was updated to a 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine also provided by VM Motori.

Not long after that, in 1992, the diesel engine developed by Land Rover, that is, the 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged 200Tdi engine, was put on the original Range Rover, and then it was replaced by the newer 300Tdi engine with the same 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged at the end of 1994.

However, although diesel engines are an indispensable option for off-road vehicles, the markets including Britain did not recognize these diesel vehicles at first — — Obviously, the quieter and smoother V8 gasoline engine sounds more trustworthy — — In order to prove the capability of diesel engine models, Land Rover broke several records in 1987: they used a Range Rover with a 2.4L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine provided by VM Motori to drive continuously for 24 hours at a speed of over 160km/h to prove the performance and reliability of diesel vehicles.

sixA quarter-century classic

A quarter-century classic

As the beginning of Range Rover, the original Range Rover has been marketed all over the world for a quarter of a century. It can be said that with its forward-looking design, this model did not fall behind in the same period until it was delisted. The first use of long-stroke coil springs and air springs, the continuous improvement of suspension and power system, and the first attempt of luxury models and long-wheelbase versions have made this car a pioneer in many fields.

The original Range Rover, the previous model, three-door version.

However, the story of the original Range Rover is not just that. Because of its good reliability and excellent design rationality, this car has been transformed into a multi-purpose work car including ambulances and fire engines by many manufacturers, and it can be said to be the most SUV of its generation from all angles. Well, once again, at the beginning of the birth of Range Rover, there was no such word, and the original Range Rover was undoubtedly one of the models that defined the word.

Original Land Rover Range Rover, later version, five-door model.

Due to the changes of the times, the development of technology and the changes of consumers’ preferences, there may never be a Range Rover that can achieve such great success in so many fields again. Yes, maybe that’s why the original Range Rover is often called RANGE ROVER Classic. She is really such a classic.

I passed by a native local tyrant village in Guangdong that day and saw a classic car in front of a self-built villa. In 1998, the flowers were blooming and opportunities were everywhere. In that year, the salary for working in a factory was only 350 yuan per month, and the fast food on the roadside was 0.5 yuan. Flared pants are the favorite of Guangdong pretty boys. Motorcycles are already a dream that many people cannot afford. Cars are definitely something that can only be owned by that generation of bosses or local tyrants. After more than 20 years, looking back at the cars of that era, there is still a stunning charm.

Unlike today, when there are cars everywhere and all kinds of new things to play with, cars in that era were only owned by a few people, which destined the purity of the car itself. Compared with the 155 that transitioned from the front face of the popular tiger head, there is a little more about the sense of round lines. On the basis of the Founder’s atmosphere, it does not appear too stiff, but it well interprets the feeling of domineering and dignified. 155 should be regarded as the last import. At that time, due to the impact of the car import policy, the import volume of cars dropped sharply, and this generation’s crown, code-named JZS155L, became the last and most remaining imported crown model.

At the end of the year, the car culture in the Pearl River Delta region was deeply influenced by Hong Kong’s car culture. The proportion of Japanese cars in the Pearl River Delta region was also the same for a while. The influence of the Crown 155 once rewrote the leading position of Tiger Head Run at the same level in the local area. The exclusive boss’s car makes the Crown 155 very pure. In the era when 10,000 households are already rare, the car priced close to 800,000 yuan can also be pure, and the luxury and comfort can be filled. From the Crown 155, you can see that the routine that was devolved at that time has been used. Adjust the set at that time and use it on the crown, which is very fragrant.

The body size of the Crown 155 is 4840 long, 1710 wide and 1450 high. The wheelbase is 2780mm. It adopts the same upturned door handle design as the century. The standing logo of the front cover and the logo of the C pillar are the usual methods of luxury cars at that time. The wheel hub is 15 inches, and the tire is 195. If this were up to now, it would not be sprayed to death, but even at that time, this package was very thieves, but it was not as transparent as it is now, and there was no platform for everyone to spray. After all, cars are luxury goods owned by a few people.

There must be a lot of young people who don’t know what a CD player is. That year, I only owned a tape recorder, and the rise of it was the electronics factory everywhere. The high-end model of the Crown 155 was equipped with a sound system that could hold 12 CDs, which was absolutely perfect at the time. The T-shaped central control shape created a pure luxury atmosphere with genuine leather and trim. At that time, genuine leather was real leather, and mahogany was real mahogany. The 800,000 of that era could be so pure, so even now, as long as it is properly maintained, it can still be seen.

Of course, the fabric was not necessarily a sign of low-fitting, and the happiness of flannel was difficult to enjoy now. As a pure boss-exclusive car, the Crown 155 was also full of comfort. Of course, it depended not only on configuration, but also ergonomics.

Regarding the changes in car power, there is helplessness in the helplessness, and several different camps have also emerged. For the older group of car fans, self-priming is king; for the younger generation, it is called energy; for the new generation? How convenient is it to have electricity. But it has to be said that for the mechanical movement of cars, the charm of natural suction can be said to be irreplaceable, and there must be the last stubbornness of the older generation of car enthusiasts.

The Crown 155 is equipped with the inline 6-cylinder codenamed 2JZ-GE, Toyota’s peak work at the time. The spring of Toyota’s VVT-i intelligent timing variable valve control technology, both stability and power output characteristics are awesome, especially its durable stability, which can be said to have laid the foundation for Toyota’s durable reputation. Today, the sound is still beautiful and smooth. This unit has a maximum power of 163 kilowatts, a peak torque of 275 Nm, and is matched with a 4at gearbox. Longitudinal rear drive is a must. This power system is nothing now, but it was already very top at the time.