CCTV News:According to the Chinese government website, the State Council recently issued a notice on printing and distributing the Action Plan for Continuous Improvement of Air Quality.

　　Action plan for continuous improvement of air quality

　　This action plan is formulated in order to continue to fight the blue sky defense war, effectively protect people’s health, and promote high-quality economic development with continuous improvement of air quality.

　　I. General requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, thoroughly implement the thought of ecological civilization of the Supreme Leader, implement the deployment of the National Conference on Ecological Environmental Protection, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, and jointly promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening and growth, with improving air quality as the core, reducing heavily polluted weather and solving outstanding atmospheric environmental problems around the people as the main line, and vigorously promote nitrogen. Carry out regional collaborative governance, highlight accurate, scientific and legal pollution control, improve the atmospheric environment management system, and enhance pollution prevention and control capabilities; Combine the research and planning of air pollution prevention and control path, solidly promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, energy and transportation, strengthen non-point source pollution control, strengthen source prevention and control, accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon production and lifestyle, and achieve win-win environmental, economic and social benefits.

　　(2) Key areas

　　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas. Including Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Handan, Xingtai, Baoding, Cangzhou, Langfang, Hengshui, xiong’an new area, Xinji and Dingzhou, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, Dongying, Weifang, Jining, Taian, Rizhao, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou and Heze in Shandong Province, and Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and Heze in Henan Province.

　　Yangtze River Delta region. Including Shanghai, Jiangsu Province, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing and Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Huainan, Maanshan, Huaibei, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou, Lu ‘an and Bozhou in Anhui Province.

　　Fenwei Plain. It includes Taiyuan, Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, Linfen and Lvliang in Shanxi Province, Xi ‘an, Tongchuan, Baoji, Xianyang and Weinan in Shaanxi Province, and yangling district and hancheng city.

　　(3) Target indicators. By 2025, the concentration of PM2.5 in prefecture-level and above cities nationwide will be reduced by 10% compared with that in 2020, and the ratio of days of severe and above pollution will be controlled within 1%; The total emission of nitrogen oxides and VOCs decreased by more than 10% respectively compared with 2020. The concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas and Fenwei Plain decreased by 20% and 15% respectively. The concentration of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta reached the standard in general, and it was controlled within 32 μ g/m3 in Beijing.

　　Second, optimize the industrial structure and promote the green upgrading of industrial products

　　(four) resolutely curb high energy consumption, high emissions, low-level projects blindly launched. The new reconstruction and expansion project strictly implements the national industrial planning, industrial policy, ecological environment zoning control scheme, planning EIA, project EIA, energy saving review, capacity replacement, total amount control of key pollutants, regional reduction of pollutant discharge, carbon emission peak target and other related requirements, and adopts clean transportation in principle. Projects involving capacity replacement can only be put into production after the replaced capacity and its supporting facilities are shut down.

　　It is strictly forbidden to increase steel production capacity. Promote the integrated layout of steel, coking and sintering, greatly reduce independent coking, sintering, pelletizing and hot rolling enterprises and processes, and eliminate backward coal washing capacity; Orderly guiding blast furnace — Converter long-flow steelmaking is transformed into electric furnace short-flow steelmaking. By 2025, the output of short-process steelmaking will account for 15%. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas continue to implement "coke determination with steel", and the ratio of coking capacity to long-process steelmaking capacity is controlled at around 0.4.

　　(5) Accelerate the withdrawal of backward production capacity in key industries. Revise the Guiding Catalogue of Industrial Structure Adjustment, and study the inclusion of technologies and equipment with pollutants or greenhouse gas emissions significantly higher than the industry average and low energy efficiency and cleaner production level in the list of elimination and restriction. Key areas will further improve the requirements of backward production capacity, energy consumption, environmental protection, quality, safety and technology, and gradually withdraw from restricted gas-related industries; Step-by-step sintering machines and pellet shaft furnaces as well as semi-closed silicon-manganese alloy, ferronickel, high-carbon ferrochrome and high-carbon ferromanganese electric furnaces will be phased out. Guide the orderly adjustment and optimization of industries such as steel, coking and electrolytic aluminum in key areas.

　　(6) Comprehensively upgrade and transform traditional industrial clusters. Cities where small and medium-sized traditional manufacturing enterprises are concentrated should formulate development plans for gas-related industrial clusters, strictly examine and approve projects, and prevent pollution from going to the countryside. Formulate special rectification plans for existing industrial clusters, eliminate and shut down a batch according to law, move a batch into the park, transform a batch on the spot, and make a batch better and stronger. All localities should combine the characteristics of industrial clusters and build centralized heating centers, centralized spraying centers, centralized recovery and disposal centers of organic solvents and centralized regeneration centers of activated carbon according to local conditions.

　　(7) Optimize the raw and auxiliary materials and product structure containing VOCs. Strictly control the production and use of high VOCs content coatings, inks, adhesives, cleaning agents and other construction projects, and increase the proportion of low (no) VOCs content products. Implement the source substitution project and increase the substitution of raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content in industrial painting, packaging and printing and electronics industries. Outdoor structure protection and urban road traffic signs promote the use of low (no) VOCs content coatings. Strictly implement VOCs content limit standards in production, sales, import and use.

　　(eight) to promote the healthy development of green environmental protection industry. Increase policy support and support the cultivation of a number of leading enterprises in the fields of production and use of raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content, VOCs pollution control, ultra-low emission, environmental and atmospheric composition monitoring. Take multiple measures to control the chaotic phenomenon of low-cost and low-quality bidding in the field of environmental protection, create a level playing field, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the industry.

　　Third, optimize the energy structure and accelerate the clean, low-carbon and efficient development of energy.

　　(9) Vigorously develop new energy and clean energy. By 2025, non-fossil energy consumption will account for about 20%, and electric energy will account for about 30% of terminal energy consumption. Continue to increase the production and supply of natural gas, and add natural gas to give priority to ensuring residents’ living and clean heating needs.

　　(10) Strictly and reasonably control the total coal consumption. On the premise of ensuring the safe supply of energy, we will continue to control the total coal consumption in key areas. By 2025, the coal consumption of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, its surrounding areas and the Yangtze River Delta will decrease by about 10% and 5% respectively compared with 2020, and the coal consumption in Fenwei Plain will achieve negative growth, with emphasis on reducing non-electric coal. Newly renovated and expanded coal projects in key areas will be replaced by equal or reduced coal according to law, and those with imperfect alternatives will not be approved; The use of highly polluting fuels such as petroleum coke, coke and charcoal shall not be used as alternative measures for coal reduction. We will improve the alternative management measures for coal consumption reduction in key areas, and coal gangue and raw material coal will not be included in the assessment of total coal consumption. In principle, no new self-owned coal-fired units will be added, and self-owned coal-fired units will be supported to implement clean energy substitution. Coal-fired power projects and their coal consumption that support stable power supply, safe operation of power grid and large-scale consumption of clean energy should be reasonably guaranteed.

　　(eleven) actively carry out the integration of coal-fired boilers. All localities should incorporate coal-fired heating boiler replacement projects into urban heating planning. In principle, no new coal-fired boilers with a capacity of 35 tons/hour or less will be built in urban built-up areas at or above the county level, and no new coal-fired boilers except central heating will be built in key areas. Accelerate the construction of heating pipe network, rely on power plants and large industrial enterprises to carry out long-distance heating demonstration, and eliminate coal-fired boilers and loose coal within the coverage of pipe network. By 2025, coal-fired boilers of 10 tons/hour and below will be basically eliminated in cities where PM2.5 is not up to standard; In key areas, coal-fired boilers of 35 tons/hour or less and coal-fired facilities such as tea stoves, operating stoves, grain storage drying equipment and agricultural products processing will be basically eliminated, and the heating capacity of cogeneration power plants of 300,000 kilowatts or more will be fully exerted, and coal-fired boilers and backward coal-fired small thermal power units (including self-provided power plants) within a heating radius of 30 kilometers will be shut down or integrated.

　　(twelve) the implementation of industrial furnaces clean energy substitution. We will promote electricity instead of coal in an orderly manner, and actively and steadily promote gas instead of coal. No more fuel gas generators will be added in key areas, and clean and low-carbon energy will be used in the newly renovated and expanded heating furnaces, heat treatment furnaces, drying furnaces and melting furnaces in principle; Safe and steady promotion of industrial furnaces and kilns using highly polluting fuels to industrial waste heat, electric energy, natural gas, etc.; Fuel-type gas generators should be replaced by clean energy, or adopt centralized gas supply and decentralized use in parks (clusters) according to local conditions; Phasing out the fixed bed intermittent gas producer.

　　(thirteen) continue to promote clean heating in the northern region. Promote clean heating in the northern region according to local conditions and ensure that the people are warm for the winter. We will increase the substitution of loose coal for civil and agricultural purposes, basically clear loose coal in key areas and plains, and gradually promote the substitution of clean energy for loose coal in mountainous areas. Cities that are included in the scope of clean heating supported by the central government in the northern region should complete the transformation task with good quality and quantity, in which "coal to gas" should implement gas sources for fixed reform. Improve the energy efficiency of buildings in an all-round way and speed up the energy-saving transformation of existing rural houses. According to the law, all localities have designated the areas that have completed the overall clean heating transformation as high-pollution fuel no-burn areas to prevent the re-burning of loose coal. Strengthen the quality supervision of commercial coal in areas where clean heating has not been implemented yet.

　　Fourth, optimize the traffic structure and vigorously develop the green transportation system.

　　(fourteen) continue to optimize and adjust the cargo transportation structure. In the long-distance transportation of bulk goods, railways and waterways are preferred, and in the short-distance transportation, closed belt corridors or new energy vehicles and boats are preferred. Explore clean transportation as the focus of audit and supervision of new reconstruction and expansion projects in coal mines, steel, thermal power, nonferrous metals, coking, coal chemical industry and other industries. Municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities in key areas adopt the logistics mode of "external collection and internal distribution" such as public rail combined transport. By 2025, the freight volume of railways and waterways will increase by about 10% and 12% respectively compared with 2020; Among the coal and coke transported in the middle and long distance (more than 500 kilometers) in the main coal producing areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia, the proportion of railway transportation will strive to reach 90%; The proportion of clean transportation (including new energy vehicles) such as iron ore and coke in key areas and major coastal ports in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will strive to reach 80%.

　　Strengthen the construction of special railway lines and connecting facilities for combined transport and transshipment, give full play to the efficiency of existing lines, and in principle, plan and construct inbound railways simultaneously in important port areas when new containers and bulk dry bulk cargo are built; Expand the railway transportation capacity of the existing working area. Carry out the transformation of urban railway stations in key areas. Newly built and relocated logistics parks, industrial and mining enterprises and coal storage bases with an annual volume of bulk goods of more than 1.5 million tons shall, in principle, be connected to special railway lines or pipelines. Strengthen measures such as land and sea use, acceptance and operation, capacity allocation and railway freight rate.

　　(fifteen) to speed up the improvement of motor vehicle cleaning level. The proportion of new energy vehicles is not less than 80% among new or updated buses, taxis, urban logistics and light sanitation vehicles in public areas in key areas; Accelerate the elimination of gas trucks using lean combustion technology. Promote Shanxi Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Shaanxi Province to build leading areas for clean transportation and cultivate a number of clean transportation enterprises. Promote new energy medium and heavy trucks in thermal power, steel, coal, coking, nonferrous metals, cement and other industries and logistics parks, and develop zero-emission freight fleets. Strive to achieve a coverage rate of no less than 80% in high-speed service areas in key areas and no less than 60% in other areas by 2025.

　　Strengthen the supervision and spot check of new production trucks to achieve full coverage of the family. Strengthen road inspection and household inspection of heavy trucks. We will fully implement the vehicle emission inspection and maintenance system and the vehicle emission recall system, and strengthen the supervision and enforcement of the annual inspection agencies. Encourage key regional cities to carry out fuel evaporative emission control testing.

　　(sixteen) to strengthen the comprehensive management of non-road mobile sources. Accelerate the renovation of new energy sources for working vehicles and machinery in railway freight yards, logistics parks, ports, airports and industrial and mining enterprises. Promote the development of new energy and clean energy ships and improve the utilization rate of shore power. Vigorously promote the elimination of old railway locomotives, and encourage railway stations and yards in central cities and industries such as coal, steel and metallurgy to promote new energy railway equipment. By 2025, the "black smoke" phenomenon of non-road mobile machinery, ships and railway locomotives in key areas will be basically eliminated, and non-road mobile machinery with emission standards of the first stage and below will be basically eliminated; At airports with an annual passenger throughput of more than 5 million passengers, the utilization rate of bridge electricity reaches more than 95%.

　　(seventeen) to fully guarantee the quality of refined oil. Strengthen the supervision of the whole process of oil import, production, storage, sales, transportation and use, comprehensively clean up and rectify self-built oil tanks, mobile refueling trucks (ships) and black gas stations, and resolutely crack down on the sale of non-standard oil products as engine fuel. Improve the sampling frequency of diesel oil in trucks, off-road mobile machinery and ship fuel tanks, trace the clues found, and strictly investigate the main responsibilities of relevant producers, sellers and transporters.

　　Five, strengthen non-point source pollution control, improve the level of refined management.

　　(eighteen) to deepen the comprehensive management of dust pollution. Encourage the construction sites of 5000 square meters and above in economically developed areas to install video surveillance and access local supervision platforms; Long-distance linear projects such as roads and water affairs in key areas shall be constructed in sections. Incorporate the cost of dust pollution prevention into the project cost. By 2025, prefabricated buildings will account for 30% of the new construction area; The mechanized sweeping rate of roads in built-up areas of cities at prefecture level and above is about 80%, and that in county towns is about 70%. Investigate and file urban public bare land and take dust-proof measures. The construction of dust suppression facilities and the closed transformation of the material conveying system have been basically completed in the material storage yard of large-scale dry bulk cargo terminals such as coal and ore in the city.

　　(nineteen) to promote the comprehensive improvement of mine ecological environment. In principle, new mines should simultaneously build special railway lines or adopt other clean transportation modes. By 2025, in principle, no new open-pit mines will be built in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas (except for key mining areas determined by provincial mineral resources planning or underground mining methods that are not suitable for safety demonstration). Mines that are still not up to standard after rectification within a time limit shall be closed according to the requirements of safe production, soil and water conservation and ecological environment.

　　(twenty) to strengthen the comprehensive utilization of straw and ban burning. Improve the standardization and standardization level of straw returning to field. Improve the service system of straw collection, storage and transportation, improve the industrialization ability and improve the efficiency of leaving the field. The comprehensive utilization rate of straw in China is stable at over 86%. All localities should make specific provisions on the scope of straw burning in light of the actual situation and make accurate division. Open burning of straw is prohibited in key areas. Comprehensive use of satellite remote sensing, high-definition video surveillance, drones and other means to improve the monitoring accuracy of straw burning fire point. Improve the grid supervision system, give full play to the role of grassroots organizations, and carry out special inspections during key periods of straw burning.

　　Six, strengthen the emission reduction of multiple pollutants, and effectively reduce the emission intensity.

　　(twenty-one) to strengthen the comprehensive management of VOCs in the whole process and all links. Encourage the use of low-leakage breathing valves and emergency pressure relief valves for storage tanks, and regularly carry out sealing tests. Popularizing the use of sealed quick joints in tank cars. High-concentration organic waste gas in sewage treatment sites should be collected and treated separately; Organic waste gas from VOCs-containing organic waste water storage tanks and water collecting wells (pools) in the device area shall be collected and treated in a sealed manner. Cities and key industrial parks with concentrated petrochemical and chemical industries in key areas will establish a unified information management platform for ldar before the end of 2024. During the start-up, shutdown, inspection and maintenance of the enterprise, collect and treat VOCs waste gas generated by operations such as returning materials, cleaning and purging in time. Enterprises shall not use the torch burning device as a daily air pollution treatment facility.

　　(twenty-two) to promote the in-depth treatment of pollution in key industries. High-quality promotion of ultra-low emission transformation of key industries such as steel, cement and coking and coal-fired boilers. By 2025, more than 80% of the country’s steel production capacity will complete the ultra-low emission transformation task; All key areas have achieved ultra-low emissions in the steel industry, and the transformation of coal-fired boilers has basically been completed.

　　Ensure that industrial enterprises fully and stably meet the discharge standards. Promote the in-depth treatment of glass, lime, mineral wool, nonferrous metals and other industries. We will comprehensively carry out the investigation of simple and inefficient pollution control facilities for boilers and industrial furnaces, and implement classified disposal through clean energy substitution, upgrading and integration. Promote the transformation of low nitrogen combustion in gas-fired boilers. Biomass boiler adopts special boiler, supporting bag and other efficient dust removal facilities, and it is forbidden to mix coal, domestic garbage and other materials. Promote the integration of small biomass boilers and actively guide the ultra-low emission transformation of endogenous biomass boilers (including electricity) in urban built-up areas. Strengthen the operation and maintenance of pollution control facilities and reduce emissions under abnormal working conditions. Key gas-related enterprises will gradually cancel the bypass of flue gas and VOCs-containing waste gas. If it cannot be cancelled due to the need of safe production, online monitoring system and standby disposal facilities will be installed.

　　(twenty-three) to carry out special treatment of cooking fume and odor. Strictly manage the layout of catering service units near residential buildings. The building that plans to set up catering service units should design and construct special flue. Promote the implementation of third-party operation and maintenance management and online monitoring of governance facilities in qualified areas. Strengthen the investigation and rectification of the odor and odor disturbing the people, and install and operate online monitoring systems in industrial parks and key enterprises where complaints are concentrated. All localities should strengthen departmental linkage and solve the problem of people’s concentrated fumes and malodorous odors disturbing the people according to local conditions.

　　(twenty-four) steadily promote the prevention and control of atmospheric ammonia pollution. Piloting the control of atmospheric ammonia emission in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas. Popularize the technology of deep mechanical application of nitrogen fertilizer and low protein diet. Study the measures to control odor such as ammonia gas in livestock and poultry farms, encourage the closed management of pens such as pigs and chickens, support the closed transportation, storage and treatment facilities of manure, and strengthen the collection and treatment of waste gas. By 2025, the total amount of atmospheric ammonia emissions from large-scale livestock and poultry farms in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas will decrease by 5% compared with 2020. Strengthen the treatment of atmospheric ammonia emission in nitrogen fertilizer, soda ash and other industries; Strengthen the prevention and control of ammonia escape from flue gas desulfurization and denitrification of industrial sources.

　　Seven, strengthen the mechanism construction, improve the atmospheric environment management system.

　　(twenty-five) the implementation of urban air quality standards management. Municipalities directly under the central government and cities divided into districts that fail to meet the air quality standards shall formulate and implement plans for meeting the air quality standards within a time limit, define the road map and key tasks for meeting the standards, and make them public. Promote the coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone. In 2020, the substandard cities with PM2.5 concentration below 40 μ g/m 3 will reach the standard during the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period; Other cities that fail to meet the standards have clearly defined the objectives of the air quality improvement stage in the 14 th Five-Year Plan. Cities that have reached the standard have consolidated and improved air quality.

　　(twenty-six) improve the regional air pollution prevention and control cooperation mechanism. The state promotes the joint prevention and control of air pollution in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas as a whole, and continues to play the role of the cooperation mechanism in the Yangtze River Delta region and the Fenwei Plain. The state has strengthened guidance on cooperation in air pollution prevention and control in Chengdu-Chongqing area, urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, northeast area and urban agglomerations on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, and has made Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area a leading demonstration area for air quality improvement. Provincial governments strengthen joint prevention and control within their respective administrative areas. Encourage cities and counties in inter-provincial border areas to actively carry out joint prevention and control, and promote joint cross-enforcement. For new projects in key gas-related industries within 20 kilometers on both sides of the provincial boundary, as well as new elevated source projects that have a great impact on downwind air quality, the relevant provinces should carry out EIA consistency consultation.

　　(twenty-seven) to improve the response mechanism of heavy pollution weather. Establish and improve the emergency plan system for heavy polluted weather at three levels in provinces, cities and counties, clarify the division of responsibilities of local government departments at all levels, and standardize the workflow of starting, responding and lifting the early warning of heavy polluted weather. Optimize the start-up standard of early warning of heavy pollution weather. Improve the index system of enterprise performance grading in key industries, standardize the management process of enterprise performance grading, and encourage the promotion of performance grade. Combined with the pollutant discharge permit system, ensure that the emergency emission reduction list covers all gas-related enterprises. Cities located in the same area should take emergency response measures simultaneously according to the regional early warning information and regulations.

　　Eight, strengthen capacity building, strict law enforcement supervision.

　　(twenty-eight) to improve the ability of atmospheric environmental monitoring. Improve the urban air quality monitoring network, basically achieve full coverage of county towns, and strengthen data networking and sharing. Improve the dust investigation and monitoring system, and strengthen the construction of meteorological and air quality monitoring networks in the sand source area and dust path area. Cities in key regions should strengthen the monitoring of atmospheric environment such as airports, ports, railway freight yards, logistics parks, industrial parks, industrial clusters and highways. Non-methane total hydrocarbon monitoring is carried out in cities at prefecture level and above, and photochemical monitoring is carried out in key areas, Chengdu-Chongqing areas, urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and other cities with high VOCs emissions. Monitoring of particulate matter components will continue in key areas and other cities where PM2.5 is not up to standard. Strengthen the remote sensing capacity building of atmospheric environmental monitoring series satellites, aviation and ground. Improve the air quality grading forecasting system and strengthen the construction of regional forecasting centers. Carry out sandstorm monitoring, forecasting and early warning services and technology research and development in Asia. Monitor and analyze the dust source spectrum in the dust path area, focus on Beijing to analyze the dust source, and evaluate the amount of dust and the effect of sand fixation and detention.

　　The ecological and environmental departments of cities at prefecture level and above regularly update the list of key pollutant discharge units of atmospheric environment to ensure the full coverage of qualified enterprises. Promote enterprise installation monitoring, electricity (energy) monitoring, video monitoring, etc. Strengthen the construction of environmental supervision capacity of mobile sources, and build remote online monitoring platforms for heavy-duty diesel vehicles and off-road mobile machinery in countries and key regional provinces.

　　(twenty-nine) to strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of atmospheric environment. Expand the application of off-site supervision means. Strengthen the operation supervision of automatic monitoring equipment for pollution sources to ensure the quality and stable transmission of monitoring data. Improve the ability of law enforcement and monitoring of ecological and environmental departments at all levels, and speed up the installation of infrared thermal imager, portable hydrogen flame ion detector and hand-held photoionization detector in key areas and counties. Strengthen supervision and law enforcement in key areas, investigate the responsibility of sewage units and third-party institutions and personnel involved in fraud according to law, and transfer suspected crimes to judicial organs according to law.

　　(30) Strengthen scientific and technological support for decision-making. Study the pollution control technology of low concentration, large air volume, small and medium-sized VOCs emission, and improve the effect and stability of VOCs key functional adsorption catalytic materials. Study the clean energy substitution and terminal treatment path of classified industrial furnaces, and develop technologies and equipment such as multi-pollutant system treatment, low-temperature denitrification, and accurate regulation of ammonia escape. Promote the research on odor identification, odor pollution assessment and traceability technology. Carry out research on the occurrence and development mechanism of sandstorm weather process. By 2025, cities at prefecture level and above will complete the compilation of emission inventories, and cities in key regions will be updated year by year.

　　Nine, improve the system of laws, regulations and standards, and improve environmental and economic policies.

　　(31) Promote the revision of laws and regulations. Study and initiate the revision of the air pollution prevention and control law. Study and revise the Cleaner Production Promotion Law, and clarify the legal responsibility of enterprises to use raw and auxiliary materials with low (no) VOCs content. To study and formulate measures for the prevention and control of pollution from mobile sources.

　　(thirty-two) improve the system of environmental standards and technical specifications. Initiate the revision research of ambient air quality standards and related technical specifications. Study and formulate mandatory national standards for VOCs content limits such as coating agents, polyurethane resins, household detergents and insecticidal aerosols, and establish a labeling system for products with low (no) VOCs content; Formulate technical requirements for activated carbon for organic waste gas treatment; Accelerate the improvement of air pollutant emission standards and energy consumption standards in key industries and fields. Study and formulate the emission standards of motor vehicles in the next stage, and carry out research on the quality standards of oil products in the new stage. Study and formulate mandatory national standards such as the quality of biomass briquette products and the emission of pollutants from railway diesel locomotives. Encourage all localities to formulate stricter environmental standards.

　　(thirty-three) improve the price tax incentive and restraint mechanism. Implement the time-of-use electricity price policy of peak and valley, and promote the reform of sales electricity price. Strengthen the coordination between price policy and industrial and environmental protection policies, comprehensively consider energy consumption and environmental protection performance level, and improve the ladder electricity price system for high energy-consuming industries. Implement a supportive electricity price policy for port shore-based power supply, and promote the reduction of shore power use service fees. Encourage all localities to give active support to the charging of public buses and trams in new energy cities. Study and improve the "coal to electricity" for clean heating and the peak-valley electricity price system for heating electricity sales; Reduce the level of urban gas transmission and distribution, rationally formulate and strictly supervise the price of gas transmission and distribution, establish and improve the linkage mechanism between terminal sales price and purchase price, and implement the clean heating gas price policy. Improve the flexible adjustment mechanism of railway freight rate, standardize railway freight miscellaneous fees, study and implement the "one-price" charging policy, and widely adopt the "quantity and price mutual insurance" agreement transportation mode. Improve the environmental protection tax collection system and accelerate the inclusion of VOCs in the collection scope.

　　(thirty-four) actively play the guiding role of finance. We will expand the scope of the central government’s support for clean heating in the northern region in an orderly manner, and tilt the collaborative projects of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. In accordance with the market-oriented way, we will increase credit financing support in the fields of upgrading traditional industries and clusters, industrial pollution control, construction of special railway lines, and promotion of new energy railway equipment, and guide social capital investment. Carry out green financial evaluation on banking financial institutions as required to attract long-term institutional investors to invest in green financial products. Actively support qualified enterprises and financial institutions to issue green bonds, carry out credit rating of green bonds, and improve the information disclosure level of green bonds.

　　Ten, the implementation of the responsibilities of all parties, to carry out national action.

　　(thirty-five) to strengthen organizational leadership. Adhere to and strengthen the party’s overall leadership over the prevention and control of air pollution. Local governments at all levels shall take overall responsibility for the air quality within their respective administrative areas and organize the formulation of local implementation plans. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment should strengthen overall coordination and do a good job in dispatching evaluation. All relevant departments in the State Council should cooperate with each other to implement the division of tasks, and make overall consideration of the demand for continuous improvement of air quality when introducing policies.

　　(thirty-six) strict supervision and assessment. Take the completion of air quality improvement targets as an important content of in-depth assessment of the effectiveness of pollution prevention and control. Give incentives to areas that have exceeded their targets; For areas that have not completed their goals, they will be punished from the aspects of fund allocation, project approval, honor recognition and accountability; For areas with outstanding problems, organize special inspectors as appropriate. Organize supervision and assistance to key areas.

　　(thirty-seven) to promote information disclosure. Strengthen the disclosure of environmental air quality information. The fraud of sewage units and third-party governance, operation and maintenance, testing institutions will be included in the credit records, and will be announced to the public regularly according to law. Key pollutant discharge units timely publish information such as self-monitoring and pollution discharge data, pollution control measures, environmental protection illegal punishment and rectification. Production and import enterprises of motor vehicles and off-road mobile machinery shall disclose environmental protection information such as emission inspection and pollution control technology according to law.

　　(38) Strengthen publicity and guidance and international cooperation. Widely publicize and interpret relevant policies and measures, vigorously popularize the basic concepts and knowledge of atmospheric environment and health, and enhance citizens’ awareness of atmospheric environmental protection and health literacy. Strengthen international cooperation in atmospheric environmental management and sand prevention and control. Popularize China’s air pollution control technology and experience, practical technology and model of sand prevention and control, and tell a good story about China’s ecological environment protection.

　　(thirty-nine) the implementation of national action. Mobilize all sectors of society to participate extensively in atmospheric environmental protection. The government takes the lead in green procurement and comprehensively uses products with low (no) VOCs content. Improve the reward mechanism for reporting and encourage the public to actively provide clues about environmental violations. Central enterprises take the lead in guiding green production and promoting pollution control and emission reduction. Strengthen citizens’ environmental awareness, promote the formation of a simple and moderate, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle, and jointly improve air quality.

(This article first appeared in the film’s rising capital, welcome WeChat to search for filmmore.)

　 1905 movie network exclusive This year’s summer file can be described as a bad start. From July 1 to July 31, the total box office revenue in China was only 4,503.5 million, a negative growth of 18.2% compared with 5,506.1 million in July last year. This is the third negative growth in a single month after April and May this year, and it is also the first negative growth in the summer file in five years.

　

　 This also means that the goal of 60 billion yuan for the whole year given by some so-called "insiders" is basically hopeless. Of course, if you look closely, it is not difficult to find that the overall performance of the film market is not entirely due to the film itself. The growth of the audience and the gradual improvement of the market mechanism have squeezed out the industry bubble to a certain extent, which is actually guiding the market in a healthier direction.

　

　 In the face of cold figures, it may be time for us to wake up blindly and optimistically. For correctly understanding the market development, evaluating and forecasting the industry environment, it is obviously not a bad thing to return to rationality … …

　

There was no phenomenal film in July, and no "carriage" appeared.

　

　 Unlike last summer’s "Troika", which triggered phenomenal viewing, the domestic movies released in July were obviously not hot enough:

Comparison of TOP 10 Mainland Box Offices in July 2015 and 2016

　

　 Although the big fish begonia, which has been waiting for 12 years, is grand and well-made, it has been controversial because of the plot and other issues. It has not recreated the glory of last year’s "Great Sage", and the box office of the film is also high and low. It is expected that 1 billion will only be 559 million.

　

　 "Chill 2" captured 670 million box office, although compared with the 254 million in the first film, it was no small gain. The pattern of the film is also more open and complex, but the film still loses a little in word of mouth;

　

　 The Jedi Escape, which ranked first in the box office list in July, was actually released the latest in TOP 3, which fully proved Jackie Chan’s good ability to absorb gold, but the box office of 733 million yuan was not as good as the third-ranked "Great Sage" last year.

In July this year, the glory of last year’s "Troika" was not reproduced.

　

　 During this so-called domestic film "Protection Month", three Hollywood films were "admitted" for the first time, one was Paramount’s Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 2: Breaking Through the Shadows, the other was Warner’s Return of Mount Tai: Dangerous War in the Jungle, and the other was The Secret Life of Pets released today.

　

　 The first two films captured 393 million yuan and 277 million yuan respectively. In this year’s import sub-account blockbuster, such achievements can only be regarded as mediocre. It should be said that the entry of these two imported films consuming old IP did not threaten the domestic film market, and the quality and reputation of the films were relatively average, which did not play much role in promoting the overall box office.

Will these three films be a shot in the arm for the August movie market?

　

　 In the following August, I’m afraid that only "The Secret Life of Pets" will sell well, with a first-day box office of 38.33 million US dollars, which broke the first-day box office record of the original film created by Pixar Inside Out last year. However, it has been nearly a month since the film premiered in North America, and it is still hard to say whether it can resist the impact of online piracy on the box office.

　

The ticket replenishment has been greatly weakened, and the market is gradually recovering.

　

　 According to the data of Yi En Consulting, the average ticket price of China movies in the first quarter of 2015 was RMB 17 yuan, but this year this figure has risen to 22.25 yuan.

　

　 "Young people in small towns are very sensitive to prices. If there is no ticket supplement, some people in this group will not go to the cinema or form an inertia to watch movies," said Qiu Jie, CEO of Lion Mouse Film.

　

　 Some insiders believe that among the 44 billion box office of China movies last year, the income from ticket compensation may be between 3 billion and 5 billion. On July 22nd this year, Wang Changtian, president of Light Media, pointed out in an interview that this year’s ticket subsidy may be reduced to 1.5 billion or even less.

　

　 Different from last year, with the merger of Guevara and micro-tickets, and the cat’s eye holding hands with public comments, the "ticket-making war" conducted by various online ticketing platforms for staking has basically come to an end. The investment in ticket compensation by various platforms is gradually shrinking.

Two stages of ticket replacement, the picture comes from: entertainment capital theory

　

　 Qiu Jie believes that this year, as the whole film market tends to be stable, online ticketing platforms have no desire to make up tickets, and only some producers and distributors continue to provide subsidies. It’s not hard to explain this wish of the film. After all, with the beautiful box office results, it’s easy to improve the company’s valuation and bargaining power for new projects, and the investment in ticket compensation has indeed brought the audience.

　

　 However, with the weakening of ticket replenishment, the audience accustomed to 9.9 yuan and 19.9 yuan may not be able to adapt to the normal movie tickets at once. The negative growth at present is probably only due to the inevitable phenomenon in the process of the real movie consumption level of Chinese audience gradually recovering its true content, which is actually benign in the long run.

　

　 On the other hand, it is not as easy as before to "succeed" by locking tickets, ghost field and other bad behaviors. For example, the box office data and film arrangement of "never gone" once caused great controversy, and the 400 million guaranteed release promise behind it also plunged the lithography era into the whirlpool of public opinion.

　　Editor’s note:We often hear the concept of "heavy moisture", but many people don’t know how the moisture comes from and how to get rid of it. In Xia Hou, high temperature weather has also ushered in all parts of the country, and many people have begun to have unpleasant meals and indigestion. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that heavy humidity in summer is easy to make people sleepy in the spleen and stomach and lose appetite. How to get rid of dampness? Today, People’s Health Network will talk to you.

　　Pay attention to the six "moisture" signals in the body

　　Liu Yang, Ph.D., associate professor and master tutor of internal medicine of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that when there is moisture in the body, it usually has the following performance:

　　1. I can’t wake up, sleep more every day, still feel sleepy and drool when I sleep; Dizziness, lethargy, physical fatigue, too lazy to move; The calf is sore and heavy.

　　2, go to the toilet after getting up, the stool is thin and not shaped, or constipation every three to five; The stool is sticky, and there is always a feeling of uncleanness. Every time I go to the toilet, the stool sticks to the toilet and can’t be washed clean.

　　3. After getting up, my mouth smells heavy and sticky.

　　4, the tongue can sensitively reflect the physical condition, if the tongue is fat, the edge of the tongue is serrated, and the symptoms are serious, it is called "skirt tongue". If the tongue coating is white and thick, it looks smooth and moist, which means that there is cold and dampness in the body. If the tongue coating is rough or thick, yellow and greasy, it means that there is damp and heat in the body.

　　5. There is a lot of oil on the face in the morning, especially on the forehead and around the nose and mouth. The face is shiny, the hair also loves oil, the bags under the eyes are drooping, and the dark circles are serious.

　　6, the body is puffy, the diet and work and rest are the same as the original, but the weight has increased significantly.

　　If one or two of the above signals or symptoms appear, attention should be paid to them, which indicates that there is moisture in the body. If you go to the hospital for examination, you won’t find any major diseases, but you will suffer from these minor diseases every day, which just corresponds to another feature of dampness — — "Wet and sticky", with lingering course, long course and repeated attacks. In life, we use "ten people and nine dampness" to describe the universality of moisture invading the human body. Mainly related to physical factors, diet, living environment, living habits, life pressure and other factors.

　　Chinese medicine believes that if moisture is not removed, there will be endless troubles. Moisture is the source of various diseases. Hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, fatty liver, cancer, stroke and gout are all related to moisture.

　　There are many ways to eliminate dampness, such as physical exercise, moxibustion, cupping and scraping, dietotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine, which are all external therapies. After treatment, dampness cannot be eliminated from the roots. "Wet weight" is the standard, and "spleen deficiency" is the foundation.

　　Wang Qi, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, proposed that the human body can be divided into nine kinds of constitutions, namely, peaceful constitution, qi deficiency constitution, yang deficiency constitution, yin deficiency constitution, phlegm-dampness constitution, damp-heat constitution, blood stasis constitution, qi stagnation constitution and idiosyncratic constitution. Among them, the relatively healthy and peaceful constitution only accounts for 32.75% of the population, while the constitution related to "dampness" includes phlegm-dampness and damp-heat quality. Therefore, people with different physiques have different pathogenic dampness, which requires different treatment and treatment.

　　It should be noted that food therapy is simple in taste, weak in strength and slow in effect. If people with phlegm-dampness constitution are accompanied by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, metabolic diseases or other serious diseases, they need to receive standardized treatment under the guidance of doctors.

　　Bad habits leave moisture behind.

　　1. Cover your hair with a towel after washing it. Chinese medicine believes that "the head is the meeting of all yang", and in the the twelve meridians of human body, the three yang meridians of hand, foot and mouth all converge at the head. If you cover your hair with a towel after washing, it is easy to feel damp evil. Wet evil sticky, easy to hurt the yang, there will be "because of wet, first wrapped" situation, therefore, after washing your hair, try to dry it or blow dry it with a hair dryer.

　　2. Take a bath after 9 pm. Bathing itself does not cause body wet, but always taking a bath after 9: 00 pm makes it easy for dampness to invade. Health care should follow the natural laws of spring, long summer, autumn harvest and winter storage. There are also spring, summer, autumn and winter in one day, and winter is from 9 pm to 3 am the next day. At this time, you should "hide" yourself. At 9 o’clock in the evening, it is also the time of the lunar month. At this time, the yang is lying in the body, and the body surface lacks protection. It is the time when the human body’s defense ability is the weakest. At this time, taking a bath, moisture is easy to enter the body, resulting in cold and dampness.

　　3. Eating too much makes you cold. In summer, many people will eat raw and cold food to relieve summer heat, but this method is very undesirable, because raw and cold products will affect the transport and transformation of spleen and stomach and the function of qi movement, so that water and dampness will stagnate the gastrointestinal tract, causing anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms.

　　4. Blow the air conditioner. The use of air-conditioning in summer is very harmful to the body. Sweating in summer is an important way to dissipate moisture, and the cool environment created by air-conditioning will automatically close the pores of the body, so sweat can’t be discharged, and moisture can’t be dispersed, so it can only accumulate in the body. Of course, it is not absolutely impossible to turn on the air conditioner, but it should be used properly. The temperature difference between indoor and outdoor should not be too large. When the humidity is heavy, it is best to turn on the dehumidification function.

　　5. Drinking without restraint. Eating barbecue and drinking beer in summer night is considered by many people as a comfortable thing, but wine helps damp evil, which easily leads to moisture accumulation in the body and spleen and stomach dysfunction.

　　6. sedentary. In Huangdi Neijing, it is said that "sitting for a long time hurts the meat", but in fact it hurts the spleen. Spleen governs muscles and transports water and dampness. Lack of exercise can cause spleen-qi deficiency, water and dampness will not turn into phlegm. Therefore, if you want to get rid of the dampness, you need to move. You can choose brisk walking, jogging, Tai Ji Chuan and Baduanjin according to your own situation.

　　Three porridge recipes help remove moisture.

　　Red bean, hawthorn and barley porridge

　　50 grams of adzuki bean, 50 grams of Coix seed, 20 grams of white lentils, 15 grams of Poria, 20 grams of raw hawthorn and 100 grams of japonica rice are taken; Soak other materials except japonica rice in a pot for 30 minutes; Wash the japonica rice, pour it into the pot where the ingredients are soaked, add appropriate amount of water, boil it on high fire for 10 minutes, then cook it on low fire for 20 minutes, and eat it while it is hot.

　　Among the prescriptions, Poria cocos is an important drug for inducing diuresis and reducing swelling, and can also be used for spleen deficiency. It is beneficial to water infiltration, spleen strengthening and calming the nerves when combined with Coix seed. Adzuki bean can promote diuresis, reduce swelling, clear away heat and jaundice, detoxify and expel pus. White lentils are slightly warm and sweet, and belong to spleen and stomach meridian, which has the effect of invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness. Hawthorn has the effect of resolving food stagnation. This medicated diet has a good effect on phlegm-dampness constitution with symptoms such as anxiety and poor appetite. It should be noted that people with weak spleen and stomach and hyperacidity should abstain from this prescription.

　　It should be noted that adzuki beans are different from the red beans we usually eat. The shape of red beans is closer to ellipse, while red beans are cylindrical and look very slender; Red beans look bright, while red beans are reddish brown, but some are dark; In taste, red beans are very soft and glutinous, while red beans are a little hard, which is more suitable for porridge. In terms of curative effect, the effect of adzuki bean is stronger than that of red bean, so adzuki bean is used as medicine in traditional Chinese medicine.

　　Yam, winter melon and japonica rice porridge

　　Take 100g of yam, 150g of wax gourd and 200g of japonica rice; Peel wax gourd and yam, wash, cut into thick slices, wash onion and ginger and cut into powder; Heat the oil in the pot, add shredded onion and Jiang Mo, slightly fry, and add water to boil; Add yam and wax gourd, and cook over medium heat until cooked; Wash the japonica rice, pour it into the pot, and simmer for 30 minutes; Add salt and chopped green onion to taste.

　　Among the prescriptions, yam is sweet and flat, and it belongs to the lung, spleen and kidney meridians. It is nourishing, invigorating qi and yin, and it is a good product for nourishing lung, spleen and kidney. According to the Compendium of Materia Medica, yam has the functions of "tonifying deficiency, eliminating cold and heat, evil spirits, tonifying middle energizer, invigorating qi, building muscles, strengthening yang, benefiting kidney qi, strengthening spleen and stomach, and stopping diarrhea". Wax gourd is sweet and light in taste, slightly cold in nature, and belongs to the lung, large intestine and bladder meridian. It is recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica that wax gourd "purges heat due to cold, benefits the spleen, facilitates defecation and edema, quenches thirst, dissipates heat, and causes carbuncle swelling". The two complement each other, playing the role of strengthening the spleen, benefiting qi and promoting diuresis.

　　Poria cocos and Ophiopogon japonicus millet porridge

　　Prepare 15g of Poria cocos, 15g of Ophiopogon japonicus and 100g of millet; Poria cocos and Ophiopogon japonicus are put into a pot, and appropriate amount of water is added to decoct into thick juice, and the residue is removed and the juice is reserved for later use; Wash the millet, pour it into the pot, add appropriate amount of water, boil it with high fire, then pour the medicine juice, and continue to cook for 30 minutes with low heat. Can be used as a staple food and taken twice a day.

　　Among the prescriptions, Ophiopogon japonicus is sweet, slightly bitter and slightly cold, which has the functions of nourishing yin and promoting fluid production, moistening lung and clearing heart. It is recorded in the new edition of Materia Medica: "Radix Ophiopogonis purges the latent fire in the lungs, clears the heat and evil in the stomach, tonifies the fatigue of the heart, stops the vomiting of the hemostatic family, benefits the essence and strengthens the yin, relieves annoyance and quenches thirst, makes the skin beautiful, relieves deficiency heat and relieves lung dryness". Poria cocos is flat in nature, sweet and light in taste, and has the effects of promoting diuresis, invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach, calming the heart and calming the nerves. It is recorded in the "Medication Heart Method": "Poria cocos is a holy medicine that can help the orifices, help the yang and remove dampness. It is sweet and flat to replenish yang, benefit the spleen and expel water, and promote fluid production and qi. " This medicated diet has a good improvement effect on spleen deficiency and dampness-heat combined with deficiency of heart yin, heart and chest irritation, palpitation, insomnia, dry mouth and other symptoms.

　　Precautions for dehumidification in summer

　　Diet Summer diet should avoid the stimulation of cold food and greasy food.

　　The living environment is humid in summer. If the living environment is humid, dark and stuffy, plus the use of air conditioning, it will only aggravate the humidity. Therefore, although it is hot in summer, the living environment should be kept dry and ventilated.

　　On the one hand, moderate exercise is that modern people sweat less in summer and need to sweat through exercise. On the other hand, the so-called kinetic energy produces yang, and the appearance of wet and cold constitution is related to the lack of yang. Therefore, in summer, you may wish to take the initiative to exercise and sweat, and change the problems of body dampness and body cold.

　　How to recuperate the damp evil in summer?

　　First of all, summer humidity is a natural phenomenon and a normal bias of the transformation of yin and yang in nature. "It’s warm in spring, hot in summer and cool in autumn, and cold in winter makes fingers long". In the long process of evolution, human beings have adapted to the climate change in nature. Therefore, in the summer and wet season, as long as most people live regularly, dampness will not cause much problem to people. With the change of seasons, dampness will naturally fade away.

　　Secondly, some people need to get rid of dampness in the body through diet therapy. For damp-heat pathogens such as red tongue and yellow greasy fur, unconsciousness, sticky mouth, bitter taste, thirst and uncomfortable stool, you can drink raw coix seed and mung bean porridge, or eat watermelon, or even take fragrant tablets; For symptoms of damp pathogen, such as pale tongue and greasy fur, covered head, thirsty mouth, fullness, abdominal distension, drowsiness of limbs, and loose stool, you can drink fried Coicis Semen and fried yam porridge, or even take Xiangsha Liujun Pill. You can also drink Huoxiang Zhengqi soft capsule or Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid, which is effective in removing damp-heat and dampness.

　　Of course, there are still some people who need to go to the hospital if they can’t be relieved by diet therapy. Especially, people with chronic digestive tract diseases should go to the hospital as soon as possible if the original disease is aggravated after the damp evil in summer hinders the transport and transformation function of the spleen and stomach. (People’s Health Network is integrated from Life Times, Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuanet, Shaanxi Daily)

[car home Tianjin Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, a wave of preferential activities has been ushered in in Tianjin, with a maximum discount of 12,000 yuan and a minimum starting price of 135,900 yuan. Interested consumers may wish to hurry to buy a car and click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to strive for higher discounts.

Roewe RX5 new energy adopts family-style design language, and the front face adopts large-size air intake grille with sharp headlight group, creating a dynamic and scientific visual effect. The body lines are smooth, and the overall style tends to be young and sporty, showing a strong fashion atmosphere.

Roewe RX5 New Energy has a body size of 4655mm*1890mm*1664mm, a wheelbase of 2765mm, a front tread of 1590mm and a rear tread of 1584 mm.. Its sideways lines are smooth, showing a dynamic shape. Tyre size is unified as 225/55 R19 with 19-inch wheels, which not only improves the visual effect of the whole vehicle, but also provides stable driving performance.

The interior design of Roewe RX5 New Energy is simple and full of science and technology. It adopts a high-quality leather steering wheel and provides manual up and down+front and rear adjustment functions to ensure driving comfort and maneuverability. The center console is equipped with a 12.3-inch touch screen, which integrates the control functions of multimedia system, navigation, telephone, air conditioner and skylight, and supports voice recognition control system, making the operation more convenient. The seat is made of imitation leather. The main seat has the functions of fore-and-aft adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), while the auxiliary seat supports fore-and-aft adjustment and backrest adjustment, ensuring the comfortable experience of drivers and passengers. In addition, the rear seats also support backrest adjustment and proportional reclining, which increases the flexibility of space.

Roewe RX5 New Energy is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine, with a maximum power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300N·m, and adopts a four-cylinder layout. The vehicle is matched with an AMT gearbox, which can provide a smooth shifting experience.

The owner of car home said that the exterior design of Roewe RX5 New Energy is very domineering, with the popular X-phoenix grille on the front face and the streamlined design on the side of the car body adding a sense of movement. Equipped with 20-inch big wheels and horse brand tires, the overall look is very eye-catching. Especially when the headlights are turned on, its unique shape is even more impressive, and car owners can choose different lighting effects according to their personal preferences.

　　Among many household appliances, the utilization rate of air conditioning is very high, and almost every household has air conditioning. Friends who are familiar with the working principle of air conditioning should know that air conditioning compressor is an indispensable part of air conditioning, and air conditioning compressor has a very powerful role. Today, Xiaobian will introduce some knowledge related to air conditioning compressor in detail.

　　air-conditioning compressor

　　Air-conditioning compressor plays the role of compressing and driving refrigerant in air-conditioning refrigerant circuit. Air-conditioning compressors are generally installed in outdoor units. The air-conditioning compressor pumps the refrigerant from the low-pressure area, compresses it and sends it to the high-pressure area for cooling and condensation, and radiates heat into the air through the fins, and the refrigerant also changes from gas to liquid, and the pressure rises. The working loop of air conditioning compressor is divided into evaporation area (low pressure area) and condensation area (high pressure area). The indoor unit and outdoor unit of air conditioner belong to low-voltage or high-voltage area respectively (depending on the working state). The refrigerant then flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, and is injected into the evaporator through the capillary tube, and the pressure drops suddenly, and the liquid refrigerant immediately becomes a gas state, and a large amount of heat in the air is absorbed through the heat sink. In this way, when the compressor of air conditioner works continuously, it will continuously absorb the heat at one end of the low-pressure area into the refrigerant and then send it to the high-pressure area to radiate into the air, thus playing a role in regulating the temperature.

　　Air-conditioning compressor plays the role of compressing and driving refrigerant in air-conditioning refrigerant circuit. The working loop is divided into evaporation area and condensation area, and the indoor unit and outdoor unit belong to high pressure or low pressure area respectively. Compressors are usually installed outdoors. The compressor pumps the refrigerant from the low-pressure area, sends it to the high-pressure area for cooling and condensation, and radiates heat into the air through the fins. The refrigerant also changes from gas to liquid, and the pressure rises. The refrigerant then flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, and is injected into the evaporator through the capillary tube, and the pressure drops suddenly, and the liquid refrigerant immediately becomes a gas state, and a large amount of heat in the air is absorbed through the heat sink. In this way, when the machine keeps working, it will continuously absorb the heat at one end of the low-pressure zone into the refrigerant and then send it to the high-pressure zone to radiate into the air, thus playing a role in regulating the temperature. When the compressor of air conditioner works continuously, it will continuously absorb the heat at one end of the low-pressure zone into the refrigerant, and then send it to the high-pressure zone to dissipate it into the air, thus playing a role in regulating the air temperature. Air-conditioning compressor is the heart of refrigeration system, and compressor is an important link to ensure the working conditions of air conditioning, cold storage, chemical refrigeration technology and so on.

　　The function of air conditioning is very powerful, especially in summer and winter. The appearance of air conditioning also makes many people live a comfortable life. It is a very popular household appliance. Among the components of air conditioning, air conditioning compressor often plays a very powerful role and is also the guarantee for the normal operation of air conditioning.

In terms of appearance, the new continuation of the old model’s hard and atmospheric design style, "Ding" shaped front grille with a flying wing lens headlights through the parallel double chrome line design, visual effect is quite sharp, and all models standard EPS electric power steering system, steering wheel steering light, with low-speed size steering ratio adjustment (25-45 degrees), can adapt to different driver operation mode, to meet the daily home and go out driving scene.

In terms of interior, the shape of the center console is similar to that of the old model. It is still the 8.0-inch central control screen with the English word wuling. The layout of the center console is very simple and looks very atmospheric. In terms of workmanship materials, the performance of this car is still fair, and the whole is still dominated by a large area of plastic, but the details are very solid and there is no slack.

The length, width and height are 4420 × 1685 × 1770mm respectively, and the wheelbase also reaches 2720mm. Among the models of the same class, the wheelbase of Wuling Hongguang S ranks 11th. As a van, its body size does not occupy much advantage in the same class, and its internal riding space is only basically sufficient. After all, it is limited by the length and shape of the body. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Wuling Hongguang S ranks 11th. The space performance is limited by the positioning of the model. The performance is acceptable, and the flatness is no problem, but the total space is average.

Wuling Motors Wuling Hongguang S is equipped with a combination of 1.5 naturally aspirated engines (multi-point EFI) and manual (MT). The 1.5 engine is paired with a moderate power performance on Wuling Hongguang S. Low torque is weak and hysteresis can be felt. Ranked second among van models above 800,000.

The active/passive safety configuration of Wuling Hongguang S is very complete, includingZero tire pressure endurance tires,Automatic parking,Steep slope,uphill assist,Knee airbag,Anti-lock braking (ABS),Brake force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.),Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.),Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.),Engine start stop,Side safety air curtain,Mobile phone wireless charging,LED daytime running lights,Front reversing radar,Tire pressure monitoring,Steering wheel heating,Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.),Rear reversing radar,Child seat interface,Lane Keeping (LKAS)Wait for the configuration.

Of which,Automatic parkingIt can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently.Steep slopeIt can safely pass through steep slopes at low speeds.Knee airbagReduce the damage to the occupant’s knee in the vehicle interior during the second collision.

In order to gain a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Wuling Hongguang S, you can go to the Easy Car Wuling Hongguang S forum and browse the messages of users who have purchased the car in history.

　　The website of Hindustan Times reported on January 16th that the military ranking in 2024 showed that the United States ranked first among the top ten military powers in the world.

　　According to the website Global Firepower, which tracks global defense information, the country with the strongest army in the world is the United States, followed by Russian and China, ranking second and third respectively. The list evaluates 145 countries and regions around the world and judges the strongest army according to various factors. These factors include the number of troops, the military equipment owned by the country, the financial stability and budget of the country, as well as geographical location and available resources. On the basis of these elements, a comprehensive strength index score will be produced. According to this index, the lower the score, the stronger the military capability.

　　"Global Firepower" website said: "Our exclusive internal calculation formula allows countries with smaller area and more advanced technology to compete with countries with larger area and lower development level, and uses special function values to further improve the list in the form of bonus points and deduction points. The list is updated every year. "

　　The list also shows the ranking changes of various countries and regions.

　　At present, the United States ranks first among the top ten military powers in the world. The United States is also a global leader in technological progress, medical care, aerospace and computer/telecommunications. This list shows that the United States has more than 13,000 military aircraft.

　　What are the top 10 countries with the strongest military power in the world? The following are the top ten countries: the United States, Russian Federation, China, Indian, Korean, British, Japanese, Turkish, Pakistani and Italian.

　　What are the 10 countries with the weakest military power in the world? The following are the bottom 10 countries: Bhutan, Moldova, Suriname, Somalia, Benin, Liberia, Belize, Sierra Leone, Central African Republic and Iceland.

　　However, the report also pointed out that understanding military strength is a complex and multifaceted issue. Although the list of "global firepower" is a good starting point for mastering the global military situation, the key is to be critical, not just looking at numbers and rankings, but also considering a broader background. (Compile/Wu Mei) 

Willmaking tends to be younger, and the number of young and middle-aged testators has doubled. On March 21st, the 2023 White Paper on Chinese Wills Library released by China Foundation for the Development of Aging shows that the number of young people making wills is increasing year by year, and the demand for making wills is more realistic.

Liu Guiming, honorary director of the China Testament Library Management Committee, believes that the trend of younger wills shows that modern young people’s awareness of personal property protection and planning is gradually enhanced, the acceptance of wills by Chinese people is constantly improving, and the concept of wills is constantly changing.

The number of young and middle-aged people making wills has soared, and women are significantly higher than men.

The Chinese Testament Library is a national public welfare project sponsored by the China Foundation for the Development of Aging. According to the statistics of the white paper, in the past eleven years, the Chinese Testament Library has provided 478,850 wills consultation, registered and kept 311,868 wills, and 8,721 wills came into effect. During this period, the average age of testators gradually decreased from 77.43 to 67.82, and the age of testators tended to be younger.

According to the data, as of December 31, 2023, the youngest testator who made a will in the Chinese Testament Library was 17 years old. In addition to the post-90 s, 00 s also began to make wills.

"Traditionally, making a will is a need when you are old and sick, but with the renewal of ideas, more and more people realize the importance of making a will in advance." According to the white paper, especially from 2017 to 2023, although the total number of young and middle-aged people making wills is small, their proportion in the number of people making wills every year is increasing. Especially in 2023, compared with 2022, the number of young and middle-aged testators doubled.

The white paper shows that in the past seven years, the number and proportion of young and middle-aged testators have remained relatively stable. Among them, the age group of 50-59 years old is the main concentrated age group of testators, and the annual proportion is greater than other age groups, with an average overall proportion of 34.01%; Followed by the age group of 30-39 years old, the average proportion is 25.65%.

"Judging from the data changes in the past seven years, the trend chart of the age change of young and middle-aged testators tends to be consistent, basically showing a growth trend." According to the white paper, from the perspective of growth trend, the lower the age group, the faster the growth trend, indicating that wills are increasingly concerned by young people.

The data shows that in 2017, the number of young and middle-aged people who consulted in the Chinese Testament Library was 931, and by 2023, the number of consultations had reached 17,101, and the number of consultations increased by 17.3 times. Similarly, in 2017, the number of young and middle-aged people who kept wills in the Chinese Testament Library was 279, and in 2023, the number reached 7,124, an increase of 24.5 times in seven years.

In terms of age, the number of people under the age of 30 who made wills was 61 in 2017, and it reached 1030 in 2023, an increase of 15.8 times in seven years. In 2017, the number of people aged 30-39 who made wills was 73, and in 2023 it reached 1,623, an increase of 21.2 times in seven years.

According to the white paper, from 2017 to 2023, the number of people who made wills in the Chinese will library after the "80s" increased by 21.5 times; The number of people who made wills after "90s" increased by 11.2 times. Similarly, the number of people who made wills after 00 is also rising. Statistics show that in 2023, a total of 167 people made wills in the Chinese will bank, with an increase rate of 24.62% compared with 2020.

The white paper also pointed out that the number of women among young and middle-aged people who make wills is significantly higher than that of men, "indicating that among young and middle-aged people, women are more conscious of making wills than men". The data shows that from 2013 to 2023, the proportion of women who made wills was relatively high, with a total proportion of 56.67%. In 2023, the proportion of women who made wills was 58.41%, which was higher than that in 2022, and women made wills accounted for the majority of the group.

There are different reasons for making a will, and there are great differences in choosing the object of inheritance.

According to a statistical survey, for young people, there are great differences in family structure corresponding to different age groups, so the reasons for making a will show different distribution trends: for citizens under the age of 30, "preventing the whereabouts of property is unknown" is the main risk they consider. With the increase of the testator’s age, the two reasons of "isolating the risk of one’s own marriage" and "isolating the risk of one’s children’s marriage" are becoming more and more important in the eyes of testators.

According to the white paper, for the testator who is over 30 years old and has just got married, "preventing the property from missing" and "taking care of his family" have become the main reasons for his will. Among the people aged 40-49, the reasons for consideration are relatively balanced, indicating that the groups at this stage consider more contents and have different ideas on the reasons for making wills. For testators aged 50-59, the risk of children’s marriage has become the primary consideration. Relatively speaking, the proportion of "preventing property from falling aside", "simplifying procedures" and "avoiding disputes" has also increased.

According to the staff of China Testament Library, the most common opening remarks of young and middle-aged people in the consideration of making wills are: seeing and hearing many unexpected situations around them, it is necessary to make wills in advance to prevent risks.

The white paper also pointed out that from the statistics, it can be seen that in different age groups, the preferred inheritance objects are quite different. Most testators under the age of 30 are unmarried or in the stage of forming a new family, so they are more inclined to inherit property from their parents. When the testator gets married, the proportion of choosing children or spouses to inherit will gradually increase. However, comparing the population data between 40-49 years old and 50-59 years old, it is found that the latter is more willing to inherit the property to the spouse, while most of the former choose to inherit their own property directly from their children.

According to the analysis, people aged 40-49 are more concerned about their own marriage risks. In case of their own accidents, they will consider whether their spouses may remarry. With the growth of age, most testators will be more dependent and grateful to their spouses, and feel more at ease that their spouses will inherit property directly.

It is worth noting that the situation that young and middle-aged people assign property to people other than legal heirs to inherit property is obviously higher than that of people over 60 years old, especially in the age groups of 30-39 and 40-49.

According to the white paper, the reason may be that the complexity of family structure, interpersonal relationship and emotional conflict in this age group is greater than that in other age groups. People other than legal heirs include brothers and sisters, colleagues, friends, other relatives, alma mater, work unit, etc.

　　The Japanese side should immediately stop all preparations for discharging the nuclear polluted water into the sea, and conduct full and meaningful consultations with neighboring countries and international institutions, including finding the best disposal plan other than discharging the nuclear polluted water into the sea, so as to ensure that the nuclear polluted water is disposed scientifically, openly, transparently and safely, and subject to strict international supervision.

　　On April 13, 2021, the Japanese government unilaterally announced the decision to discharge Fukushima nuclear polluted water into the ocean. In the past two years, both the Japanese people and the international community have expressed strong concern about the possible impact of the Japanese government’s move. For selfish reasons, the Japanese government ignores the global public interest and regards the international rule of law as nothing. So far, it is still stubbornly promoting the preparations for discharging nuclear polluted water into the sea, and refuses to respond positively to the concerns of the international community, further and further on the wrong road.

　　On March 11th, 2011, the highest-level nuclear accident occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan, which caused the cores of three nuclear reactors to melt and be damaged, and a large amount of radioactive materials were released. The Fukushima nuclear accident brought a heavy disaster to the Japanese people. China and other neighboring countries expressed deep sympathy for the accident and provided timely humanitarian assistance to the Japanese government and people. More than 10 years later, the Japanese government ignored the voice of the international community and chose to discharge nuclear polluted water into the ocean on which human beings depend for survival, which made people feel chilling.

　　Japan’s nuclear polluted water was in full contact with the molten core, containing more than 60 radionuclides, including carbon — 14. Iodine — Radionuclide with extremely long half-life such as 129. Japan uses dilution to reduce the concentration of radioactive substances in nuclear polluted water, but does not control the total amount of all radionuclides. Japan claims that the treated nuclear polluted water is safe and harmless, but it is unwilling to discharge it into Japan’s inland rivers or use it as agricultural and industrial water at the request of Pacific island countries. The Japanese approach is tantamount to deceiving others.

　　Japan’s plan to discharge nuclear polluted water into the sea is to put domestic self-interest above international public interest. There is no precedent for nuclear polluted water to be discharged into the sea. Japan should fully consult with all stakeholders and relevant international organizations to determine the safest disposal plan. However, the Japanese government unilaterally announced that it would discharge the nuclear polluted water into the sea, deliberately limiting the authorization of the technical working group of the International Atomic Energy Agency and only allowing it to evaluate the plan chosen by the Japanese side, thus promoting the IAEA’s "approval" of the Japanese plan. Many countries have asked Japan to consider other plans such as long-term storage of nuclear polluted water. For the sake of immediate economic costs, Japan turned a deaf ear, went its own way, and was extremely irresponsible, which also had a long-term negative impact on its national image.

　　Japan has hoarded more than 1.3 million tons of nuclear polluted water, and it is estimated that the discharge time will be as long as 30 years. The impact of the whole process is extremely uncertain. There is no effective treatment technology for many radionuclides contained in nuclear polluted water, and some radionuclides with extremely long half-life may spread with ocean currents and form biological enrichment effect, which will increase the total amount of radionuclides in the environment. The reliability of Japanese "multi-nuclide removal equipment" and the long-term effectiveness of related projects are still in doubt. According to the data released by Japan in March this year, nearly 70% of the nuclear polluted water treated by this equipment is still not up to standard. Once the nuclear polluted water is discharged into the sea, the radionuclides in it will spread to the global waters in 10 years, affecting the global marine environment and marine life.

　　The discharge of nuclear polluted water into the sea has a cross-border impact. According to general international law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation to take all measures to avoid environmental pollution, to fully consult with countries that may be affected, to assess and monitor environmental impacts, to take preventive measures to minimize risks, to ensure information transparency and to carry out international cooperation. The Japanese side tried to find various excuses to shirk its responsibilities and evade its international obligations, and only unilaterally informed the countries concerned about the decision and preparation progress of the sea discharge. So far, it has not fully responded to many questions raised by China and Russian professional and technical departments on the Japanese sea discharge plan from a scientific point of view and failed to win the trust of the international community.

　　On the issue of disposal of nuclear polluted water, which is of great international public interest, what Japan has done is far from the expectations of the international community. Japan should immediately stop all preparations for the discharge of nuclear contaminated water into the sea, and conduct full and meaningful consultations with neighboring countries and international institutions, including finding the best disposal plan other than the discharge of nuclear contaminated water into the sea, so as to ensure that the nuclear contaminated water is disposed of scientifically, openly, transparently and safely, and subject to strict international supervision.