爱上海419论坛-阿拉上海后花园419-夜上海最新论坛社区-上海品茶工作室

   (Video production: Xue Chen)

    Xinhua News Agency, Chengdu, June 2 (Reporter Xue Chen) "Ah Habibi, I am your good brother Lao Wang!" Dressed in an exquisite suit, a black curls and a beard, and speaking Chinese with a foreign accent, the man who took a selfie with a camera is called Ahmed Jabbar (Chinese name: Wang Lixuan), who comes from far away Iraq. This is his tenth year in China.

    On the Chinese social media platform, Wang Lixuan runs a gourmet account "Lao Wang is in China" with more than 15 million fans. The profile of the account reads: "Having experienced the pain in where will you go, I know how to cherish the hard-won stability and life after coming to China. I love the food here and the scenery here."

    "At first, I thought it was fireworks, but later I realized that it was the whistling sound of the missile falling." Wang Lixuan recalled that he was born in Iraq in 1994, and his childhood memories were full of painful experiences of being displaced by war. From Iraq to Syria, Wang Lixuan and his family have been baptized by war. Finally, in 2014, the family came to China with the help of relatives.

   Wang Lixuan (first from right) and his family. Xinhua news agency

    When he first arrived in China, Wang Lixuan worked as an Arabic intern teacher in an international school in Yinchuan, Ningxia. In order to better integrate into and start a new life in a foreign country, he taught himself Chinese while teaching Arabic. "The people around me are very patient. Although they didn’t understand what they were saying at first, they could see from their eyes that they really wanted to help me." Everything comes to him who waits. Wang Lixuan seized every opportunity in his life to learn Chinese, and finally he could communicate without barriers in less than a year.

    In the days since then, Wang Lixuan’s identity has also changed many times, such as Arabic teacher, class teacher of foreign students, model, actor, anchor with goods … After many changes, Wang Lixuan gradually adapted to the life in China, and her long-lost "sense of security" was also recovered.

   On May 28th, Wang Lixuan walked and photographed with a camera in his hand on the streets of Chengdu. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Chen photo

    In 2018, Wang Lixuan signed up for an online short video training competition organized by the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region government. Through the competition, he came into contact with the short video on the Internet and learned the basic editing operation and the operation skills of platforms such as bilibili and Tik Tok. On a trip, Wang Lixuan shared her feelings about food in front of the camera while eating it. After editing, this video was uploaded to the internet and got a high number of views. Later, Wang Lixuan took several short videos of food shops, all of which achieved good communication effects. This jealous, Chinese-speaking foreign blogger has gradually entered the field of vision of netizens.

    In less than half a year, the number of fans of Wang Lixuan has soared from tens of thousands to more than 15 million. Through his lens, netizens can enjoy the special food in China without leaving home, and they kindly gave him the homophonic name "To dazzle inside". The video of "Lao Wang in China" not only has unique comments from foreigners’ perspectives, but also has cordial interaction with restaurant owners and diners, which makes each video full of laughter and warmth.

    "Distressed" is a word that often appears in the video barrage of "Lao Wang in China". During the Spring Festival in 2024, when filming in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, Wang Lixuan was sitting alone at a barbecue stall for dinner. A sudden burst of firecrackers startled him in front of the camera, and his eyes were full of fear for a few seconds. "I thought it was the sound of a bomb exploding." This scene was just recorded by the camera, which made countless netizens feel distressed. On the barrage, netizens left messages "Don’t be afraid, this is China", "Looking up in amazement is responsible for yourself, and smiling and lowering your head is a trust in China".

    In March of this year, Wang Lixuan returned to his motherland after nearly 20 years’ absence and met his parents who missed him so much. During his short six days in Iraq, Wang Lixuan also felt that his motherland was gradually recovering. To his surprise, there is a Chinese restaurant in Baghdad, and the construction of schools, hospitals, bridges and railways aided by China is also stepping up. "I deeply feel that China is pulling Iraq forward with warm hands." Wang Lixuan sighed.

   On May 28th, Wang Lixuan filmed in a small shop in Chengdu. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xue Chen photo

    Today, Wang Lixuan began to "carry" his works to overseas social media platforms, hoping to let netizens from more countries know about the development and changes of Chinese food culture and economy and society through short videos.

    "I am a foreigner, but I am not an outsider. I like a peaceful life and I like peaceful people. " In the future, he also wants to expand the video content to China’s tourism, tea culture, costumes, customs, ethnic minorities and other fields, showing colorful and pyrotechnic China. (Participating in writing: Wang Jiaxuan)

　　Beijing, July 10 (Reporter Jiang Yong) According to World Finance, the economic voice of the Central Radio and Television General Station, the central bank released the Financial Statistics Report for the First Half of 2021 on July 9. In June, the growth rate of broad money (M2), credit and social financing was strong, which was better than market expectations on the whole. The data shows that China’s economy continues to recover well.

　　In terms of money supply, at the end of June, the balance of broad money (M2) was 231.78 trillion yuan, up 8.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 0.3 percentage points higher than that at the end of May.

　　In terms of credit, RMB loans increased by 12.76 trillion yuan in the first half of the year, an increase of 667.7 billion yuan over the same period last year. At the end of June, the balance of RMB loans was 185.5 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.3%, and the growth rate was 0.1 percentage point higher than that at the end of May.

　　In terms of social financing scale, the stock of social financing scale at the end of June was 301.56 trillion yuan, up 11% year-on-year. In June, the scale of social financing increased by 3.67 trillion yuan, 200.8 billion yuan more than the same period of last year.

　　For the main financial data in the first half of the year, Wen Bin, chief researcher of Minsheng Bank, explained: "Overall, the growth of money, credit and social financing in June exceeded market expectations, reflecting the increased financial support for the real economy. In June, the growth rate of M2 rebounded by 0.3 percentage points to 8.6%, and the enhancement of credit derivative ability was the main reason for the rebound of M2. In June, RMB loans increased by 2.12 trillion yuan, which was not only higher than the new scale in May, but also higher than the same period of last year, which improved the currency’s derivative ability. "

　　People’s Bank of China (Source: CFP)

　　In terms of sectors, household loans increased by 4.58 trillion yuan, of which short-term loans increased by 1.15 trillion yuan and medium-and long-term loans increased by 3.43 trillion yuan; Loans from enterprises and institutions increased by 8.37 trillion yuan, of which short-term loans increased by 1.23 trillion yuan and medium-and long-term loans increased by 6.62 trillion yuan.

　　According to industry insiders, from the structural point of view, corporate loans have increased more, and both short-term and medium-and long-term credit of enterprises have improved. On the one hand, it shows that corporate credit demand is strong, on the other hand, it shows that banks have increased their support for the real economy.

　　Xia Dan, a senior researcher at the Financial Research Center of Bank of Communications, said: "In June, the tight credit situation generally eased, which was due to the fact that the transaction volume of the property market did not shrink significantly. We observed that the transaction volume of commercial housing in 30 large and medium-sized cities in June increased compared with that in May, and the demand for medium and long-term loans of enterprises was still not weak, which made the new medium and long-term loans of residents and enterprises both firm. "

　　On Friday, the central bank announced that it would cut the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 0.5 percentage points on July 15th, releasing about 1 trillion yuan of long-term funds. This move will effectively increase the long-term stable sources of funds for financial institutions to support the real economy, and guide financial institutions to actively use the funds for RRR reduction to increase support for small and micro enterprises.

　　Wen Bin analyzed: "This RRR cut has provided banks with a long-term stable source of funds, which is conducive to the steady growth of the real economy and cost reduction. It is expected that in the second half of the year, finance will form greater support for the real economy, and the growth rate of M2 and social finance may improve, which basically matches the nominal economic growth level. "

　　Photo courtesy of vision china

　　Protecting intellectual property rights and prohibiting the abuse of intellectual property rights, just like two sides of the same coin, are both aimed at making the intellectual property system really promote social development. Only with the consciousness and concept of "strict protection" and "no abuse" can malicious cybersquatting be eradicated.

　　A few days ago, Zheng Yuanjie, the king of fairy tales, publicly announced that he would stop writing the monthly magazine "The King of Fairytales" and devote himself to the rights protection of the three trademarks "Pipiru", "Shunk" and "The King of Fairytales". Over the past 36 years, The King of Fairy Tales has published 495 issues, with a total print run of over 200 million copies, affecting millions of readers. But to Zheng Yuanjie’s annoyance, many characters in his works and the word "King of Fairy Tales" are frequently squatted. After years of efforts, there are still 672 infringing trademarks waiting for rights protection.

　　The tug-of-war of rights protection exposes imperfect trademark protection.

　　His academic performance is not good, and he is not the kind of good boy that school teachers like, but he is kind-hearted, just and brave, and has stories on him — — Zheng Yuanjie’s China boy is called Cpaing. In 1985, with the publication of The King of Fairy Tales, a large number of literary characters, such as Pipiru, Lu Xixi, Shunk and Beta, became famous with Zheng Yuanjie’s fairy tales, which influenced generations of children.

　　However, a few years later, who would have thought that all these characters were registered as trademarks: "Pipiru" became pork skin, "Shunk" became an underwear brand, and "Fairy Tale King" became the flagship store of children’s wear e-commerce. In these years, on the road of safeguarding rights, Zheng Yuanjie is almost alone in "fighting". He knew the Copyright Law and Trademark Law by heart, and even risked his life to obtain evidence to defend his rights, but his "record" was not brilliant: in 20 years, there were 672 trademarks, and only 16 successfully defended their rights. In an interview with the media, Zheng Yuanjie revealed that it would take him six years to "win" a controversial trademark on average, which cost about 90,000 yuan.

　　Among them, the "tug-of-war" for the rights protection of the three trademarks "Pipiru", "Shuk" and "Fairy Tale King" has been going on for several years. Take the protection of the trademark "Cpaing" as an example. After the lawsuit in Zheng Yuanjie, the trademark of the sued enterprise was initially ruled invalid. After that, the trademark registrant appealed to the Beijing Intellectual Property Court and sent it back for retrial. After the relevant review body ruled that the trademark could be used, Zheng Yuanjie continued to sue … … Because of the twists and turns in the process of defending rights, and without the final victory, Zheng Yuanjie was exhausted.

　　"This exposes the imperfection of trademark protection in China. Although the trademark law has provisions on the protection of prior rights, it is not perfect. " Pan Helin, executive director of the Digital Economy Research Institute of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that most trademark ownership in China is still the only requirement for obtaining rights by registration, rather than "actual use" and "true intention". However, the protection of prior rights is the general trend in the world. In foreign countries, as long as the earliest user can prove his prior use, even if the trademark has been registered for many years, he can apply for cancellation.

　　Lawyer Yu Qingkai, director of the Intellectual Property Professional Committee of Guiyang Lawyers Association of Guizhou Province and senior partner of Beijing Yingke (Guiyang) Law Firm, believes that the purpose of preempting the names of people with certain influence into their own trademarks is to promote their own goods or services with the help of the influence of the names of people, which is subjectively malicious and has no legitimacy. Judging from the judicial practice, the characters with such special phrases as "Cpaing" and "Shunk" were originally created by the obligee, who should have copyright, but there is no corresponding basis for the ownership and protection of rights in the current legal system.

　　"Blacklist" may not be able to stop the malicious cybersquatting of trademarks.

　　In 2020, there are about 13.4 million trademark applications in the world, and China ranks first in the world with about 9.3 million trademark applications by category. According to preliminary statistics, by the end of the third quarter of 2021, there were 34,300,631 valid registered trademarks nationwide, an increase of 6,920,766 over the same period of the previous year, with a year-on-year increase of 25.27%.

　　But in sharp contrast, the rush to register is rampant.

　　Ding Zhen, a teenager who suddenly became popular, was robbed, and Eye of the Great Power turned into a pack of cigarettes. Even Zhong Nanshan and Olympic athletes were hot spots. In recent years, wave after wave of "hot spots" trademark news has been searched frequently.

　　This phenomenon of cybersquatting has actually been related to the trademark.

　　To run counter to the meaning. With the increasing number of trademark registration behaviors of "rubbing hot spots", one registered trademark after another is ridiculous.

　　Those registered trademarks, whether hoarded or sold, are often behind unimaginable high transfer fees and usage fees, which may even promote malicious registered trademarks to become a gray industrial chain — — The registration fee is only a few hundred yuan, but if the registered trademark is a famous person, it may involve subsequent transfer, and you can get hundreds or even tens of thousands of times of income.

　　Fortunately, China National Intellectual Property Administration and the relevant administrative law enforcement agencies usually use batch rejection to solve the hot events and malicious cybersquatting of characters. For example, after the Chinese Olympic Committee shouted to stop "malicious cybersquatting", China National Intellectual Property Administration official website issued a notice rejecting 109 trademark registration applications such as Yang Qian, Chen Meng and Quanhongchan.

　　The Measures for the Administration of the List of Serious Violations of Law and Trust in Market Supervision and Management, which was officially implemented on September 1 last year, clearly stipulates that those who submit malicious trademark registration applications that harm the public interests will be included in the list of serious violations of law and trust.

　　Can this move stop this vicious rush to register trademarks? In this regard, Pan Helin said that according to the trademark law, malicious cybersquatting belongs to the category of infringement, not administrative punishment.

　　The list of serious dishonesty has a certain deterrent effect on trademark cybersquatting, but there is still a problem of malicious cybersquatting. In judicial practice, there are no clear provisions on the elements of the determination of preemptive registration, such as prior rights and improper means, and the determination of subjective malice is also controversial. Therefore, it is only a reference model to be included in the list of dishonesty. The key is to clarify the legal boundary of malicious trademark squatting and increase the punishment for malicious trademark squatting.

　　Let the rule of law become the "fence" of trademark protection

　　Last year, China National Intellectual Property Administration issued a special notice, announcing that it would take special actions to crack down on malicious cybersquatting. Among them, malicious squatting on the names of major scientific and technological projects has caused great adverse social impact, and malicious squatting on well-known works or role names has all been included in the crackdown targets.

　　China National Intellectual Property Administration stated that it will strengthen overall coordination, expose typical cases, illegal individuals, enterprises and agencies in a timely manner, and hand over those in bad conditions to local law enforcement departments for punishment in time, so as to create a good legal environment, market environment and social environment for all kinds of market players to compete fairly, innovate and consciously resist malicious cybersquatting.

　　Outline of Building a Powerful Intellectual Property Country (2021— In 2035), it is proposed that by 2035, China’s comprehensive intellectual property competitiveness will rank among the top in the world, and it will basically become a world-class intellectual property power with China characteristics. In the future, with the increasing protection of intellectual property rights in China, the high-pressure situation against malicious cybersquatting will become a new normal.

　　However, in recent years, an act under the banner of intellectual property protection is worthy of vigilance. From the recent Sichuan restaurant being sued for infringement for using the word "green pepper" in its dish name to the previous rights protection incident of "Tongguan Chinese hamburger" and "Xiaoyao Town Hulatang", the limits and protection scope of trademark rights protection have aroused heated public discussion. In the eyes of some people in the industry, protecting intellectual property rights and prohibiting the abuse of intellectual property rights are like two sides of the same coin, both of which are aimed at making the intellectual property system really promote social development. Only with the consciousness and concept of "strict protection" and "prohibition of abuse" can malicious cybersquatting be eradicated.

　　It is imperative to protect "plugging" with the rule of law as a trademark. Zheng Yuanjie suggested at the Weibo that a new clause should be added to the Trademark Law: to register the names and titles of well-known literary characters created by others within the copyright protection period, the authorization of the original author is required, and the registered trademark shall not infringe the copyright of others.

　　Lawyer Yu Qingkai also suggested perfecting legislation to protect the fair use of trademarks. He said that from the perspective of trademark registration, the author did not apply for trademark registration for the role names and titles of his works in time, which would bring difficulties to the follow-up rights protection. But on the one hand, it takes time and cost to register a trademark. On the other hand, if the current trademark law is not a registration act for the purpose of use, it will be recognized by the intellectual property department as malicious hoarding of trademarks and may be subject to administrative punishment. From this perspective, the author’s application for trademark registration for the role of his work has certain legal risks. Therefore, such role names and article titles should be defined as a new type of intellectual property, or the scope of copyright protection should be expanded to include the previously used influential role names and article titles.

　　The industry believes that the "fence" of intellectual property protection can be further built. It is expected that the "plugging" of the rule of law will leave some speculators with no loopholes to drill.

Editor’s note: In life, we will inevitably encounter all kinds of trivial problems. If you master some tricks, trick or two, you may be able to solve life’s problems. Let’s take a look at the healthy living tips compiled by Xiaobian!

Housework can never be finished? Send you a set of "guide to the rules of housework"

Housework is tedious, but not everything needs to be cleaned every day. Recently, based on decades of domestic experience, the British Institute of Good Housekeeping summarized a set of "guide to household chores" that can easily clean the home. Life Times invited domestic experts to interpret this.　

The "Guide" divides the frequency of doing different housework into daily, weekly, monthly, every 3-6 months and every year.　

Household chores once a day: making beds, sweeping the floor, washing the toilet, wiping the kitchen console, washing dishes and washing underwear.　

Weekly housework: vacuuming, cleaning bathroom, brushing tooth cups, cleaning sheets, quilts and towels.　

Monthly housework: cleaning windows and shutters, vacuuming furniture and cleaning doormats.[Full text]

Tips for fastening sucker hooks

1. Put some water in the sucker, and then quickly stick the sucker to a flat surface (this seems to be known to everyone).

2. Apply some soapy water to the suction cup, and then stick it on a flat surface, and the effect is also good.

3. Evenly smear some egg white liquid in the sucker, then stick it on a flat surface, and hang heavy objects after it is completely dry, which is very firm..[Full text]

The car is too messy and dangerous.

"It’s not a big problem to put some commonly used items in the car, but if there are too many things, too complicated or misplaced, it will become a potential risk factor in driving." Liu Xin, a researcher at the Traffic Law Research Center of Shandong Jiaotong University, said that open sight and spacious interior space are the prerequisites for ensuring driving safety and winning survival to the greatest extent after an accident. But many car owners don’t realize this.[Full text]

Brilliant trick to polish the tap

Water stains are easy to remain on faucets. After a long time, ugly spots will be formed on the surface, and the water outlet is also easy to generate scale, which is not good for health. It is necessary to clean and maintain the faucet frequently.

At present, the faucets on the market are mostly made of copper and stainless steel, with different materials and different cleaning methods. Most of the copper taps are traditional screw taps, which are easy to rust and difficult to clean. They can be cleaned with scale remover and can be bought in supermarkets. The specific method is: dip a soft-bristled toothbrush in the detergent and gently wipe it. Some alloy faucets are also suitable for this method..[Full text]

Mattress health has to go through four levels

When choosing a mattress, you should have four passes:

Smell off. Before buying, it is best to open the plastic packaging or side inspection port of the mattress and smell if there is any odor. In addition, try to buy a big brand mattress, not less than 1,000 yuan, which is more likely to use inferior adhesives and fillers.

Exposure to the sun. After the mattress is bought, it should be ventilated and exposed for at least 2 weeks, and it is best to expose it once every 1~2 months.

Soft and hard. The mattress should be moderately soft and hard, too soft will make the body too invaginate, increase the load of ligaments and joints around the spine, and it will be easy to backache after a long time; Too hard will make people hang up, increase muscle pressure and affect deep sleep. When picking a mattress, you can press the mattress with your palm, and the depression range is 2~3 cm. In addition, some people like to sleep on hard beds, and it is best to add one or two layers of mattresses.

Force off. Every 2~3 months, the head and feet should be turned upside down or upside down to avoid the collapse of the mattress spring due to uneven stress; When the mattress is partially sunken or feels uneven when lying down, it should be replaced in time.[Full text]

Soap and washing powder can be mixed.

Chemically speaking, soap and washing powder belong to alkaline chemical products, and their pH values are between 8 and 11. Therefore, there is no such thing as "acid-base neutralization" when washing powder and soap are mixed. Another study shows that the decontamination effect will be better if a proper proportion of washing powder and soap are mixed. This is because sodium fatty acid, the main component of soap, will combine with calcium and magnesium ions in water to form a precipitate, which affects the detergency of soap..[Full text]

Mothballs are natural.

Whenever the season changes, people usually put some mothballs in the wardrobe or storage box in order to keep clothes from getting wet and being eaten by insects. However, if mothballs are used improperly, it may bring big trouble.

At present, there are two kinds of mothballs on the market: natural and synthetic. Natural mothballs are mainly extracted from the branches and leaves of camphor trees, which are colorless or white crystals, non-toxic and fragrant. However, synthetic mothballs are mostly made of dichlorobenzene, which has a pungent smell and certain toxicity. Improper placement or excessive placement will cause dizziness, sneezing, skin allergies and other symptoms..[Full text]

Related reading:

Experts teach you how to choose toothbrushes and throw kitchen waste the same day.

Combs are changed every four years, and pots and pans are placed vertically.

Don’t dip the detergent in water before squeezing toothpaste. Don’t use it if you can.

243 projects in Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone have been signed, settled and started, with a total investment of over 580 billion yuan to boost the "hot start" of the experimental zone, and Guangzhou Hengxin. Guangzhou, an old city with a history of more than 2,230 years, is always refreshing. On the "new track" of digital economy, Guangzhou has once again accelerated. On March 30th, Guangzhou issued "22 Articles" on the innovation and development of digital economy, taking Guangzhou’s first programmatic policy document on the innovation and development of digital economy as Guangzhou’s first declaration on attracting investment and talents in the field of digital economy. On March 31, the main venue of the mobilization activities for comprehensively accelerating the construction of the Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy was held in the Broadcasting Center in the core area of Pazhou. At the same time, Tianhe Guangzhou International Financial City Area, Huangpu Yuzhu Area and Panyu Guangzhou University City Branch will realize real-time "cloud interaction" with the main venue. Li Yanhong, Ding Lei, Wang Chuanfu, Liang Jinsong, Guo Guangchang, He Xiaopeng … entrepreneurs with their own traffic; Ali, Tencent, Baidu, Netease, JD.COM, Xiaomi, BYD … are well-known leading enterprises, and all the stars are gathered for a common name-Guangzhou Experimental Zone for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy. This activity also bid farewell to the past "face-to-face" and "hand in hand" signing methods, and upgraded to "screen-to-screen" and "line-to-line" cloud signing. According to statistics, there are 243 projects participating in the activities, with a total investment of 583.59 billion yuan. Among them, there are 2 electronic unveiling projects with a total investment of 2 billion yuan;Collectively signed 98 settlement agreements, with a total investment of 293.16 billion yuan; 99 collectively started projects with a total investment of 216.49 billion yuan; There are 44 collective opening projects with a total investment of 71.94 billion yuan. Super positioning brings huge imagination. At the beginning of this year, the work report of the Guangdong provincial government clearly stated for the first time that it supported Guangzhou to build a national artificial intelligence and digital economy experimental zone. This means that the Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy will be built into a national platform. In February, the Overall Plan for the Construction of Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy was published in the No.1 Document of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in 2020, proposing to build Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy with Pazhou as the core and Pearl River as the link, which marked the full launch of Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy with a total area of about 81 square kilometers. Super positioning brings huge imagination space. Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy has built a spatial pattern of "one river, two banks and three districts", with a total area of about 81 square kilometers and the volume equivalent to 13 Pearl River New Cities. Pazhou core area (including Guangzhou University Town), with a total area of about 48 square kilometers. Tencent, Alibaba, Gome, Vipshop, Xiaomi, Fosun and other artificial intelligence and digital economy giants have gathered together, and headquarters buildings have sprung up. High-end scientific research platforms such as Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory (Guangzhou) and Tianhe No.2, and Guangzhou Internet Court, one of the three largest Internet courts in China, have successively settled down to jointly create "Digital+Exhibition+Headquarters+Scientific Research".A new highland of industrial integration and innovation. Guangzhou International Financial City, with a total area of about 8 square kilometers, is rich in modern service industry resources such as finance and trade, and there are many leading enterprises in science and technology. In the future, the innovative industry of "finance+technology" will be taken as a breakthrough to create an industrial integration development zone of artificial intelligence and digital economy, and an important gathering place for the layout of financial technology and intelligent industries in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Yuzhu area, with a total area of about 25 square kilometers, is built with national innovation platforms such as Terahertz National Science Center and Nano National Science Center, and seven powerful institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences are introduced to build a demonstration zone of China’s famous software city featuring blockchain, which will continue to accumulate strength. Give full play to Huangpu Port’s advantages as a Millennium-old port and a good port, promote the deep integration of modern shipping, trade and digital economy, and build a new trade innovation center in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The three major areas, facing each other across the river, are connected into pieces, which provide a good condition and solid foundation for the construction of Guangzhou artificial intelligence and digital economy experimental zone. There are a large number of high-quality projects, and the blueprint is drawn and the horn is sounded. Guangzhou shoulders an important mission and is expected to be higher. At the event, China Academy of Sciences, Gao Song, President of South China University of Technology, Ni Guangnan, Academician of China Academy of Engineering, Xu Zongben, Academician of China Academy of Sciences, Li Yanhong, Founder of Baidu, Ding Lei, Chairman of Vipshop Group, Li Dongsheng, Chairman of TCL Technology Group and other scholars and entrepreneurs all expressed their appreciation for Guangzhou’s forward-looking industrial layout and accelerating the development of artificial intelligence and digital economy industries through video or on-site support.Among them, many big coffees came with projects, hoping to join hands with Guangzhou to open up a new track for artificial intelligence and digital economy. The well-known projects have witnessed the "high quality" of Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone at full speed, with many projects and full weight. First, the scale is large, with 243 projects with a total investment of 583.59 billion yuan. Signed 98 settlement agreements with a total investment of nearly 300 billion yuan; 44 opening projects with a total investment of over 70 billion yuan; 99 projects were started with a total investment of over 200 billion yuan. Second, the structure is excellent, and the projects of leading enterprises in artificial intelligence and digital economy such as JD.COM Group and Tieta Zhilian, financial headquarters projects such as Guangfa Bank, China Life Insurance and Nanyue Bank, and emerging industrial park projects such as China Software CBD Headquarters, China Artificial Intelligence (Guangzhou) Industrial Park and Computer Big Data Industrial Park are introduced. Third, the technology content is high, including major technology platforms such as Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (Guangzhou), Research Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain, and Greater Bay Area Research Institute of Integrated Circuit and System Application in Guangdong Province, as well as a number of high-tech projects such as 5G devices, 3D printing, face recognition, smart travel, smart home, robots and integrated circuits. The overall acceleration of the construction of these projects will surely press the "acceleration button" for the development of Guangzhou’s digital economy, and provide a strong impetus for Guangzhou to ensure the completion of the annual economic and social development goals and realize the new vitality of the old city and "four new talents".The total investment of the projects in the four districts has exceeded 100 billion yuan. From the investment scale of the districts involved in the Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone, the total investment of the projects in Haizhu, Tianhe, Panyu and Huangpu has exceeded 100 billion yuan. In the core area of Pazhou in Haizhu, the radiation-driven effect caused by the agglomeration of leading enterprises is accelerating, and innovative industrial clusters such as new generation information technology, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet are accelerating. The launching ceremony also confirmed this point. 66 projects participated in the activities with a total investment of 144.6 billion yuan, and all of them are expected to have an operating income of 300 billion yuan after production. Among them, there are 2 electronic listing projects with a total investment of 2 billion yuan; Signed 34 settlement agreements with a total investment of 50.6 billion yuan; 15 opening projects with a total investment of 31.8 billion yuan; 15 new projects were started with a total investment of 60.2 billion yuan. In the Yuzhu area of Huangpu, 33 new infrastructure and advanced manufacturing projects, such as 5G, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet, started construction, and 24 major projects of artificial intelligence and digital economy, such as Guangzhou Blockchain Research Institute, signed in through the 5G cloud. At the same time, six projects, including China Software CBD, were opened for operation, with a total investment of 183 billion yuan and an estimated output value and revenue of 300 billion yuan, which will boost the high-quality development of Yuzhu area. In the Guangzhou International Financial City area of Tianhe, 26 projects were signed with a total investment of 68 billion yuan. 18 opening projects with a total investment of 11.2 billion yuan; 21 newly started projects with a total investment of 43.1 billion yuan;The total investment of all the projects is 122.3 billion yuan, and the estimated total operating income is about 320 billion yuan after production. In Panyu University Town, there are 49 projects that have been settled, opened and started, with a total investment of about 140 billion yuan. After all the projects are put into production, the total operating income is expected to be about 160 billion yuan. Among them, the total investment of 14 contracted projects reached 74.1 billion yuan, and the output value of 30 newly started projects exceeded 60 billion yuan. Twenty-two Measures for the Pilot Area "Escort" While promoting the construction of key projects in the field of digital economy, Guangzhou’s policy support continued to exert its strength. The day before the event, Guangzhou simultaneously issued "Several Measures to Accelerate the Creation of a Digital Economy Innovation-oriented City", proposing seven major measures and 22 measures to provide a good policy environment for the development of Guangzhou’s digital economy. The "Several Measures" clearly takes Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone as the core space carrier and innovation source, and puts forward the coordinated development layout of "one core and many points" in the city’s digital industry agglomeration development. It is the first programmatic policy document for the innovative development of Guangzhou’s digital economy and the first declaration for Guangzhou to attract investment and talents in the digital economy field. In the policy, it is pointed out that Guangzhou will give full play to the platform role of Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone, increase land reserve and transfer, focus on solving land use problems in major projects, corporate headquarters, technology research and development, and application of results, and form industrial agglomeration development by strengthening land spatial allocation support.Give priority to ensuring the development of digital economy enterprises and the space demand for innovative talents. We will increase the implementation of project approval, acceptance of vacancies, notification of commitments, and trust approval, and open a green channel for approval of major projects. The newly introduced digital economy headquarters enterprises can be awarded a maximum of 50 million yuan. For particularly important projects in the field of biomedical digitalization, based on the market evaluation land price, the starting price of transfer is comprehensively drawn up with full consideration of the project characteristics. Some key projects in the three major areas are counted one by one in Pazhou core area (including Guangzhou University Town) Keywords: Digital Industry The "Overall Plan for the Construction of Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone" issued by Guangdong Province has clearly defined Pazhou as the core. According to Guangzhou’s first programmatic document on innovation and development of digital economy, "Several Measures for Accelerating the Construction of a Digital Economy Innovation-oriented City", Pazhou core area will rely on major innovation platforms such as artificial intelligence and digital economy Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) to form a number of original technological achievements and application innovation demonstrations in the new generation of information technology, and also vigorously promote the headquarters construction of leading enterprises in the digital industry and continuously introduce global leading enterprises. The projects in the core area of Pazhou have the characteristics of "close integration of production and research", with top scientific research institutions and leading enterprises simultaneously. National New Industrialization Demonstration Base (Big Data): In March 2020, Pazhou was recognized as the National New Industrialization Demonstration Base (Big Data) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and it was the first national new industrialization demonstration base (Big Data) focusing on artificial intelligence and digital economy in Guangdong Province.Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (Guangzhou): With South China University of Technology as the lead unit, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy was established in collaboration with well-known universities, research institutes and leading enterprises at home and abroad, focusing on the layout of basic theories and core algorithms of artificial intelligence, key technologies of intelligent interconnection and big data, special chips and computing of artificial intelligence, key technologies of brain-like intelligence, etc., so as to enhance the original ability of artificial intelligence theories and key technologies and partially or substantially alleviate the technical problems of sticking. South Headquarters of JD.COM Group: South Headquarters of JD.COM Group will integrate Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s e-commerce and supply chain finance. China Tower is a large-scale state-owned communication tower infrastructure service enterprise jointly funded by China Telecom, China Mobile and China Unicom. Tieta Zhilian is a professional company under the China Tower, which applies the Internet of Things, focusing on the fields of eco-environment, land and water conservancy, security, emergency, transportation, satellite positioning and so on, and developing cross-industry site application and information services. Hesheng ·TIT Digital Life Demonstration Zone: In the future, by introducing advanced scientific and technological resources such as science and technology, intelligence and innovation at home and abroad, a modern digital intelligent economic business circle and living community integrating innovative scientific research, exhibitions, Internet, information exchange and technological entrepreneurship will be built in Guangzhou Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Experimental Zone. Information Industry Center of Panyu Industrial Economic Headquarters Park: The plot is located in Zhangbian Village, Nancun Town, which is an information industry center built in the park.It will take the development of information technology as the leading industry, take R&D, exhibition, transaction and service as the chain, and integrate industrial capital, commercial capital and financial capital, and will introduce high-tech enterprises and scientific research institutions with the first generation of information technology such as cloud computing, Internet of Things and blockchain. Yuzhu District Keywords: AI, 5G, Blockchain Guangzhou Development Zone is the only "China Software Famous Zone" featuring blockchain in China. Under the existing advantages, Yuzhu District in Huangpu District will strengthen the deep integration of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, 5G and blockchain with the real economy, speed up the construction of a demonstration zone of China’s famous software city featuring blockchain, speed up the layout of new international information infrastructure such as industrial Internet logo analysis top nodes, and actively introduce scientific research institutes in the digital economy field such as artificial intelligence. The projects in this area focus on improving the innovation strategy and innovation ecology in AI, 5G and blockchain. Both scientific research institutions and enterprises have the characteristics of specialization and precision. Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area National Institute of Nanotechnology Innovation Headquarters Park: The total investment of the project is 4 billion yuan, and the overall construction area is 600,000 square meters, including the core research and development area of nanotechnology, the pilot incubation area and the living supporting area, so as to build a first-class highland of core research and development of nanotechnology in China and even in the world. Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and Greater Bay Area Research Institute, Institute of Aerospace Information, China Academy of Sciences: The total investment of the project is 400 million yuan, which will be jointly built with the Institute of Aerospace Information, China Academy of Sciences to build the Terahertz National Science Center and build a 210,000-square-meter dedicated research building and supporting workshops.Focus on building a cutting-edge scientific platform for terahertz innovation. Phase I of SINOMACH Intelligent Park: The total investment of the project is 1.5 billion yuan, and the construction area is 120,000 square meters. It mainly develops and builds the existing land of Guangzhou Institute of Mechanical Science, and relies on the technical advantages and industry leading position of SINOMACH to build an industrial park, incubate and cultivate intelligent industrial projects, and build an important carrier platform for intelligent industries. China Software CBD: With a total investment of 5 billion yuan and a total construction area of 400,000 square meters, the project is planned to become a gathering area of information technology in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, connecting domestic and foreign key software enterprises, universities, research institutes and entrepreneurial innovation platforms, and promoting the research and development of the underlying technology of blockchain and the development of multi-scenario applications such as finance, supply chain, industrial Internet and digital asset trading. Xinsong International Robot Industrial Park: The project plans to invest 800 million yuan with a construction area of about 170,000 square meters, build Xinsong Asia-Pacific headquarters, connect and introduce advanced technologies and high-end talents from Israel and other countries and regions, build an international high-end innovation platform, and cooperate in innovative research and development, manufacturing, application promotion, investment attraction and financial services in the field of robots and intelligent equipment to build a complete ecological chain of robots and intelligent equipment industry. Guangzhou International Financial City Area Keywords: Finance+Technology Guangzhou International Financial City Area in Tianhe District on the north bank of the Pearl River already has the advantages of modern service industry resources such as finance and trade. In the future, it will vigorously develop digital finance, digital creativity and various new consumption formats and modes in combination with the digital industry.The characteristic of the landing project in this area is "finance+technology", which includes both financial enterprise headquarters and leading enterprises in digital technology industry. CGB Headquarters Building Project: Upon completion, under the guidance of strategies and objectives such as "digital CGB" and "wisdom CGB", financial products and services will be innovated in all directions, and the annual operating income will exceed 100 billion yuan. China Life Building Project: it will become a comprehensive building integrating the administrative offices and counter flagship stores of companies in China’s life provinces and municipalities, and together with CGB Headquarters Building, it will build China Life Southern Financial Center, which will become the gateway of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s foreign economy and another benchmark of Guangzhou’s financial headquarters building. MCC Financial Building: After completion, it will actively carry out digital financial R&D investment and digital financial business, and carry the business functions of MCC South Headquarters, financial business center, investment and financing center and financial sharing center. After completion, it will realize the overall annual operating income of 50 billion yuan. Cool Dog Music National Headquarters Project: Cool Dog Music will further expand digital music business, carry out digital trading and digital export, and help users to obtain high-quality music content and music derivatives in different scenarios more intelligently and efficiently through artificial intelligence and other technologies. At the same time that a number of projects have signed up and started construction, there are also 44 collective opening projects in Guangzhou Experimental Zone of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy: Fosun South Headquarters (Health+Digital Finance Honeycomb Project), which will gradually introduce high-quality multi-industry enterprises under Fosun Group, and introduce high-quality industrial resources from many sectors such as finance, health and cultural tourism.Vipshop headquarters building project: it will carry the office of Vipshop headquarters and the e-commerce business section of the Group. Alibaba South China Operation Center Project: It mainly undertakes Alibaba’s innovative business groups, Internet technology services and new businesses such as Internet, cloud computing and big data that will be introduced into Guangzhou in the future, and is responsible for operating other businesses of Alibaba Group in South China. Winbond International Center Project: It will carry the related management business functions of Winbond Holding Group’s operation management headquarters and its affiliated insurance finance, health care for the aged, engineering design and other fields. The artificial intelligence black technology appeared in the Broadcasting Center, the first in the world to realize L3 automatic driving. At the Broadcasting Center, the main venue of the event, Guangzhou Automobile Group exhibited two cars, AION S and AION LX. AION S is the first pure electric vehicle in China to deliver L2 automatic driver assistance system in mass production. It integrates 20 intelligent driving assistance functions such as high-speed automatic driving assistance, congestion automatic driving assistance and automatic parking. In March 2020, GAC New Energy took the lead in carrying the world’s first high-precision map of China, and AION LX will realize the world’s first L3 autopilot. It is understood that AION LX equipped with L2.5 autopilot technology will be launched in April, and AION LX equipped with L3 autopilot technology with high-precision maps will be mass-produced in July. Guangzhou cnc Equipment Co., Ltd., a gobang robot with fierce moves, exhibited a gobang robot.The main structure of this robot is a mechanical arm. A high-precision camera is installed above the box of the robot arm, which enables the robot arm to accurately identify the black and white dice and the grid on the chessboard, and can accurately place the chess pieces on the chessboard. As a gobang robot, there is a set of algorithms supporting "playing chess" behind it. Guangzhou Daily’s all-media reporter played a game with the robot at the scene. Robots have their own ideas about chess, and chess moves are fierce. Five minutes later, the reporter lost. Then the robot also put the black and white pieces into different chess boxes. The multi-functional agricultural drone Yihang Tianying Logistics UAV is an intelligent networked logistics UAV independently designed and developed by Yihang Intelligent. The UAV adopts 4-axis and 8-paddle multi-rotor structure and intelligent safety algorithm, which can take off and land vertically, accurately position by GPS and vision, plan routes independently, and dispatch in real time. It can transport 5kg small cargo in one way to complete the automatic flight route task. Guangzhou Feifei Technology Co., Ltd. launched Feifei XP2020 agricultural drone, which integrates intelligent sowing and precise spraying. It can be flexibly equipped with operation boxes with different capacities, and it can easily and efficiently carry out sowing, fertilizing, pesticide application and feeding in all terrain conditions through mobile phones or intelligent remote controllers.

On the 19th, under the influence of the vortex and the southwest jet, heavy rain occurred in Guangxi (Qinzhou, Fangchenggang and Nanning), with strong short-term rainfall. The maximum hourly rainfall in Qinzhou was 189.6 mm (02: 00 to 03: 00 on the 19th).

At present, the heavy precipitation clouds in central and southern Guangxi are moving eastward, affecting cities and counties in western Guangdong. It is estimated that from 19th to 21st, there will be a local torrential rain and precipitation process from heavy rain to heavy rain in western Guangdong, southern Pearl River Delta and eastern Guangdong, and there will be heavy rain and heavy rain in other cities and counties. The local area is accompanied by short-term heavy precipitation and strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds of magnitude 8 or so. Guangdong has entered the "Dragon Boat Water" season, so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of continuous heavy precipitation and its secondary disasters such as flash floods and mudslides, landslides, collapses and waterlogging in urban and rural areas, and pay attention to the prevention of disasters caused by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

Weather Reality: On the morning of May 18th to 19th, there were moderate to heavy rains in Zhaoqing and Qingyuan, and showers and heavy rains in other cities and counties. According to the monitoring, from 08: 00 on the 18th to 08: 00 on the 19th, 11 towns and streets in the province recorded heavy rain exceeding 50 mm, and 100 towns and streets recorded heavy rain ranging from 25 mm to 50 mm. The towns and streets with the largest rainfall in each city were: Damaishan Town, Liannan Yao Autonomous County, Qingyuan, 69.4 mm, and Beishi Town, Guang Ningxian, Zhaoqing, 64 mm.

Specific forecast: On the 19th, there will be heavy rain to heavy rain in western Guangdong and southern Pearl River Delta, heavy rain and heavy rain in cities and counties in northwest Guangdong and central and northern Pearl River Delta, and moderate to heavy rain in other cities and counties.

On the 20th, there were heavy rains in southern Pearl River Delta and cities and counties in eastern Guangdong, heavy rains in Heyuan and Meizhou, and showers and heavy rains in other cities and counties.

On the 21st, there were heavy rains and rainstorms in the cities and counties in eastern Guangdong and Meizhou, while the rest of the cities and counties were cloudy with showers.

On the 22nd, heavy rain turned to showers in the cities and counties in eastern Guangdong, and the rest of the cities and counties were cloudy with showers and partial heavy rain.

Warm reminder: Guangdong has entered the "Dragon Boat Water" season, and it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention of continuous heavy precipitation and its secondary disasters. 1. Pay attention to the prevention of continuous heavy precipitation and its secondary disasters such as flash floods, mudslides, landslides, collapses, urban and rural waterlogging and floods in small and medium rivers. 2. It is necessary to pay attention to prevent risks such as aerial work facilities, factory sheds, temporary structures, outdoor billboards, tree collapse and agricultural production activities caused by strong convective weather such as lightning strikes and short-term strong winds. 3. When it rains, it is easy to cause visual range obstacles and road water accumulation, and the risk of land and water traffic accidents increases, so attention should be paid to safety.

Smoke billowed from the chimney. Zhang Xinyan’s information

　　　　　　　　On June 1st, the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Tort Liability Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation) was issued. There are 19 articles in the Interpretation, which mainly include: the principle of imputation and the reasons for exemption; The responsibility of several people to discharge pollutants; Liability for environmental pollution caused by the fault of the third party; Distribution of burden of proof; Provisions on evidence; Evidence preservation; The responsibility of the polluter; Responsibilities of relevant environmental service agencies; Scope of application and limitation of action.

　　　　　　　　What are the highlights of the Interpretation and what impact will it bring? The reporter interviewed Sun Youhai, former deputy director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office, now professor of Tianjin University and dean of law school on these issues.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsWhat is the imputation principle of environmental pollution tort liability in the Interpretation?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe essence of Article 1 of the Interpretation is whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution. In practice, there are two opinions on whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution.

　　　　　　　　One view is that in the past, some laws regarded "illegality" as one of the constitutive requirements of environmental pollution responsibility, so it should be adhered to. Another view is that Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law does not distinguish whether pollutants are discharged legally, but whether the polluter is at fault or not, and the polluter shall bear tort liability. In other words, even if the pollutant discharge behavior of the polluter meets the requirements of national or local pollutant discharge standards, it shall bear tort liability as long as it causes damage.

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation adheres to the "no-fault principle", that is, no matter whether the polluter is subjectively "intentional" about the pollutants discharged, as long as it discharges pollutants and causes damage, it should bear civil liability. This is the inevitable result of the development of international environmental law and the concrete embodiment of the development of China’s environmental law. According to this provision, the people’s court will not support the claim that the polluter does not assume responsibility on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards.

　　　　　　　　There are also many cases for reference in trial practice. For example, the People’s Court of Longtan District, Jilin City (2004) Long Min Yi Chu Zi No.1377 case.

　　　　　　　　The defendant is a chemical enterprise that produces sulfuric acid, and the vineyard planted by Wang is nearby. Wang sued the court for the defendant’s discharge of sulfur dioxide, which caused his grapes to be reduced due to pollution, while the defendant argued that it was a discharge unit that reached the standard through special environmental impact assessment.

　　　　　　　　The court held that the national or local pollutant discharge standards are only the basis for the environmental protection department to decide whether the pollutant discharge unit needs to pay sewage charges and carry out environmental management, rather than the boundary for determining whether the pollutant discharge unit is liable for compensation. The legal discharge of pollutants by enterprises may also lead to dangerous results of damage to others, and there should be relief if there is damage. The Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution does not regard illegality as a necessary condition for the actor to bear civil liability, which shows that the constitution of environmental civil liability does not require the actor’s behavior to be illegal.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow should several polluters bear the responsibility for causing damage by polluting the environment?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiSeveral polluters commit environmental pollution, including two situations: first, several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution; Second, several polluters commit environmental pollution behaviors respectively. Articles 2 and 3 of this Interpretation respectively stipulate these two situations.

　　　　　　　　First, if several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution and cause damage to the infringed, they shall be jointly and severally liable in accordance with Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　Second, if several polluters respectively commit environmental pollution and cause the same damage, the Interpretation stipulates that three situations should be distinguished.

　　　　　　　　It should be noted that Articles 2 and 3 of the Interpretation stipulate how several polluters should be held responsible for the damage caused by environmental pollution. If it is necessary to determine how to share the responsibility among several polluters, the provisions of Article 4 of the Interpretation shall apply.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to bear the responsibility for environmental pollution damage caused by the fault of the third party?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiIn practice, some environmental pollution behaviors are caused by the fault of a third person other than the polluter and the infringed. In this case, in order to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of the infringed, Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law stipulates that the infringed may choose to request the polluter or a third party to compensate.

　　　　　　　　However, the Tort Liability Law does not clarify the litigation status of the polluter and the third party. If the polluter is also at fault for polluting the environment, how should the third party bear the responsibility and whether the polluter can claim to reduce or exempt the responsibility on the grounds of the third party’s fault. To this end, the fifth article of this Interpretation stipulates three aspects.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsThe Interpretation stipulates the burden of proof of the infringer and the polluter respectively. How should the parties give evidence?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 6 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of the infringed, which is based on Article 64 of the Civil Procedure Law. In practice, there is no dispute that the infringed should bear the burden of proof for the pollution behavior and the damage facts. However, there are two opinions on whether the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage results.

　　　　　　　　One view is that according to Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law, the principle of inversion of the burden of proof of causality applies to environmental pollution liability disputes, and the polluter should bear the burden of proof for the absence of causality, and the infringed should not bear any burden of proof for causality; Another view is that the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage. After research, the second opinion was adopted.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of polluters, which is based on the provisions of Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law. According to Article 66 of Tort Liability Law, polluters should bear the burden of proof that there is no causal relationship between behavior and damage. However, under what circumstances, the people’s court can determine that the polluter has completed the burden of proof, which is not clearly stipulated in the law and has different practices in practice. After repeated research, Article 7 of the Interpretation stipulates four situations.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsIt is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in some cases. How should we deal with it?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe trial of civil cases of environmental pollution often involves specialized issues such as pollutant identification, loss assessment, causal relationship identification, etc., and the judicial appraisal institution needs to issue appraisal opinions. However, at present, there are few institutions with environmental pollution appraisal qualifications, long appraisal period and high cost, which are difficult to meet the practical needs of handling cases.

　　　　　　　　In view of this, the Interpretation refers to the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Environmental Pollution, which clearly stipulates that if it is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in the case, it may entrust a judicial appraisal institution with relevant qualifications to issue an appraisal opinion or an institution recommended by the environmental protection department of the State Council to issue an inspection, testing or monitoring report.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to play an expert role in the trial of environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiEnvironmental tort liability disputes involve many technical and professional issues, and the parties often can’t meet the needs of litigation according to their own knowledge. Judges and litigation agents entrusted by the parties are generally expert in law, but they are not necessarily clear about the technical problems in the facts of the case.

　　　　　　　　In order to fully protect the litigation rights of the parties, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and help the judge to judge in the middle and correctly identify the facts, the Interpretation clearly stipulates the procedures and functions of people with specialized knowledge to appear in court according to Article 79 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　First, the procedure for people with specialized knowledge to appear in court. If it is necessary for a person with specialized knowledge to appear in court, the parties concerned shall apply to the people’s court and explain the reasons. If a party fails to apply, the people’s court may explain it to him if it deems it necessary;

　　　　　　　　Second, the role of people with specialized knowledge in court. People with specialized knowledge appear in court, mainly to give opinions on expert opinions or professional issues such as pollutant identification, damage consequences and causality. Moreover, the opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What civil liabilities should the polluter bear in environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiAccording to Article 15 of Tort Liability Law, the main ways to bear tort liability are: stop the infringement; Remove obstacles; Eliminate danger; Return property; Restore to the original state; Compensation for losses; Apologize; 8 kinds, such as eliminating influence and restoring reputation. Among them, "returning property" belongs to the typical right of claim, and "eliminating influence and restoring reputation" belongs to the typical category of personality right. According to the characteristics of environmental damage, returning property, eliminating influence and restoring reputation generally do not apply to environmental tort liability disputes.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Interpretation stipulates that the people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringed person and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Among them, "restitution" mainly requires the infringer to bear the responsibility of pollution control and ecological restoration, including in-situ restoration and off-site restoration. If the infringer fails to control or repair or is unable to control or repair, the people’s court may entrust the relevant unit to perform it on his behalf, and the expenses shall be borne by the polluter. "Compensation for losses" includes the property loss and personal loss caused by the infringed party’s pollution behavior and the expenses incurred by necessary and reasonable measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminate pollution.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What responsibilities should environmental service agencies bear?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 65 of the Environmental Protection Law stipulates that environmental impact assessment institutions, environmental monitoring institutions and institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment and pollution prevention facilities, if they resort to deception in relevant environmental service activities and are responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage, they shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and shall also be jointly and severally liable with other persons responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage.

　　　　　　　　In order to enhance the practical operation of this article and unify the applicable standards of the law, Article 16 of the Interpretation stipulates that if one of the circumstances is met, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to understand the relationship between the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe newly revised Civil Procedure Law and Environmental Protection Law both stipulate environmental civil public interest litigation and private interest litigation. These two types of litigation have commonalities in ascertaining the facts of the case and taking responsibility, while public interest litigation is different from private interest litigation in the aspects of litigation subject, litigation purpose and litigation request.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Supreme People’s Court drafted the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases. Among them, the Interpretation applies not only to environmental civil public interest litigation, but also to environmental civil private interest litigation, stipulates the general rules applicable to both types of litigation, and focuses on regulating substantive issues such as how polluters bear responsibility; The Interpretation of Environmental Public Interest Litigation only provides special rules applicable to public interest litigation, focusing on standardizing procedural issues such as parties and jurisdiction of environmental public interest litigation.

What impact does the Interpretation bring?

　　　　　　　　1. To the people’s court

　　　　　　　　In view of the problems existing in the environmental trial, the Interpretation clarifies the boundaries of civil liability that all relevant subjects should bear, which will greatly improve the quality and effectiveness of the trial and help improve the judicial credibility.

　　　　　　　　2. To the environmental protection department

　　　　　　　　In the process of drafting the Interpretation, the opinions of the competent department of environmental protection were fully solicited, and the relationship between the trial work of the people’s court and the administrative management of the competent department of environmental protection was clarified, which greatly reduced the pressure of letters and visits to environmental protection, and was bound to help improve the work efficiency of the competent department of environmental protection.

　　　　　　　　3. For polluters

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the polluter’s no-fault principle for his own pollution behavior, and also clarifies how to bear the burden of proof when several polluters commit environmental pollution and a third person causes damage. Therefore, it will play a positive role in distinguishing right from wrong and distinguishing responsibilities, thus increasing the compensation of polluters and promoting environmental improvement.

　　　　　　　　4. For pollution victims

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the responsibilities of relevant subjects such as polluters, polluters and victims, and between them and third parties, which greatly facilitates polluters to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law. At the same time, it also clarifies some of the burden of proof that pollution victims should bear, which is objectively conducive to preventing the occurrence of indiscriminate complaints.

　　　　　　　　5. Environmental service agencies

　　　　　　　　In order to implement the new environmental protection law, the Interpretation clearly stipulates that environmental service agencies shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation for fraud that may occur in their service work. This will objectively promote them to improve their integrity and do their due diligence in environmental services within their own scope according to law.

Attached to the original interpretation:

　　　　　　　　In order to correctly hear environmental tort liability disputes, this interpretation is formulated in accordance with the provisions of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tort Liability Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Civil Procedure Law and other laws, combined with trial practice.

　　　　　　　　the first No matter whether the polluter is at fault or not, the polluter shall bear tort liability for damage caused by environmental pollution. The people’s court shall not support the claim that the polluter is not liable on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards..

　　　　　　　　Where the polluter does not bear the responsibility or reduces the responsibility, the provisions of the marine environmental protection law, the water pollution prevention law, the air pollution prevention law and other separate laws on environmental protection shall apply; Where there are no provisions in the specific law on environmental protection, the provisions of the Tort Liability Law shall apply.

　　　　　　　　the second If two or more polluters jointly commit pollution acts and cause damage, and the infringed party requests the polluters to bear joint liability according to Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law, the people’s court shall support it.

　　　　　　　　Article If two or more polluters commit pollution acts separately and cause the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is enough to cause all damage, the people’s court shall support the infringer’s request that the polluters bear joint liability according to Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case that two or more polluters have committed pollution acts respectively, causing the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is not enough to cause all the damage, and the infringed party requests the polluter to bear the responsibility according to Article 12 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case where two or more polluters respectively commit pollution acts that cause the same damage, and some polluters’ pollution acts are enough to cause all the damage, while some polluters’ pollution acts only cause part of the damage. In accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law, the infringed party requests the polluter that causes all the damage and other polluters to bear joint and several liability for all the damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 4 The people’s court shall determine the extent to which two or more polluters are responsible for polluting the environment according to the types, emissions, harmfulness of pollutants, whether there is a discharge permit, whether it exceeds the pollutant discharge standard, whether it exceeds the total discharge control index of key pollutants and other factors.

　　　　　　　　Article 5 The people’s court shall accept the case where the infringer sued the polluter and the third party separately or simultaneously according to the provisions of Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　If the infringed party requests the third party to bear the liability for compensation, the people’s court shall determine the corresponding liability for compensation according to the degree of the third party’s fault.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall not support the polluter’s claim that he will not bear the responsibility or reduce the responsibility on the grounds that the fault of a third party has caused damage to the environment.

　　　　　　　　Article 6 Where the infringed party requests compensation according to Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law, it shall provide evidence to prove the following facts:

　　　　　　　　(1) The polluter has discharged pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(2) the damage caused by the infringer;

　　　　　　　　(3) There is a correlation between pollutants discharged by polluters or secondary pollutants and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 If the polluter proves one of the following circumstances, the people’s court shall determine that there is no causal relationship between the pollution behavior and the damage:

　　　　　　　　(a) the discharged pollutants did not cause the damage;

　　　　　　　　(2) The discharged pollutants that can cause the damage have not reached the place where the damage occurred;

　　　　　　　　(three) the damage occurred before the discharge of pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(4) Other circumstances in which it can be determined that there is no causal relationship between pollution behavior and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 8 For the specialized problem of finding out the facts of environmental pollution cases, you can entrust a judicial authentication institution with relevant qualifications to issue an expert opinion or an institution recommended by the competent department of environmental protection of the State Council to issue an inspection report, test report, evaluation report or monitoring data.

　　　　　　　　Article 9 If a party applies to notify one or two persons with specialized knowledge to appear in court and put forward opinions on expert opinions, pollutant identification, damage results, causality and other professional issues, the people’s court may grant permission. If the parties fail to apply, the people’s court may interpret it if it deems it necessary.

　　　　　　　　The opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for ascertaining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 10 The investigation report, inspection report, inspection report, evaluation report or monitoring data of environmental pollution incidents issued by the department responsible for environmental protection supervision and management or the agency entrusted by it can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 11 For sudden or short-lasting environmental pollution, if the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain later, the people’s court shall allow the parties or interested parties to apply for evidence preservation in accordance with the provisions of Article 81 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 12 If the respondent has one of the circumstances stipulated in Article 63 of the Environmental Protection Law, and the parties or interested parties apply for preservation according to Article 100 or Article 101 of the Civil Procedure Law, the people’s court may order the respondent to immediately stop the infringement or take pollution prevention measures.

　　　　　　　　Article 13 The people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring to the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringer and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Article 14 If the infringer requests restitution, the people’s court may judge the polluter to bear the responsibility of environmental restoration according to law, and at the same time determine the environmental restoration expenses that the defendant should bear when he fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration.

　　　　　　　　If the polluter fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration within the time limit determined by the effective judgment, the people’s court may entrust others to carry out environmental restoration, and the expenses required shall be borne by the polluter.

　　　　　　　　Article 15 The people’s court shall support the infringer in suing the polluter for compensation for property losses and personal injuries caused by pollution and the reasonable expenses incurred by taking necessary measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminating pollution.

　　　　　　　　Article 16 Under any of the following circumstances, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law:

　　　　　　　　(a) the environmental impact assessment agency issued a seriously inaccurate evaluation document knowing that the materials provided by the client were false;

　　　　　　　　(two) environmental monitoring institutions or institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment deliberately conceal the fact that the client has exceeded the pollutant discharge standards or exceeded the total emission control indicators of key pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(3) Institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of pollution prevention facilities intentionally fail to operate or abnormally operate environmental monitoring equipment or pollution prevention facilities;

　　　　　　　　(four) other cases of fraud in the environmental service activities of the relevant institutions.

　　　　　　　　Article 17 Where the infringer brings a lawsuit and requests the polluter to stop the infringement, remove the obstruction and eliminate the danger, it is not subject to the limitation period stipulated in Article 66 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 18 This interpretation is applicable to the trial of civil cases that cause damage due to environmental pollution and ecological destruction, except as otherwise provided by laws and judicial interpretations for environmental civil public interest litigation cases.

　　　　　　　　This interpretation does not apply to disputes over adjacent pollution infringement and disputes over workers’ pollution damage in their professional activities.

　　　　　　　　Article 19 After the implementation of this interpretation, the provisions of this interpretation shall apply to cases of first and second instance that have not been concluded by the people’s courts. This interpretation does not apply to cases that have already made effective judgments before the implementation of this interpretation, and if they are retried according to law after the implementation of this interpretation.

　　　　　　　　After the implementation of this interpretation, if the judicial interpretation previously promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court is inconsistent with this interpretation, it will no longer apply.　 　 　　

　　　 [XCAR overseas new car original]

　　　　Recently, Ducati officially released the Scrambler model at the Cologne International Motorcycle Show, with four models, namely Icon, Urban Enduro, Full Throttle and Classic. It is expected that the Scrambler model will be officially imported into the domestic market at the end of 2015.

　　　 Tip: A total of four models have been launched; 803cc air-oil cooled L-type twin-cylinder engine; It was officially imported into China at the end of autumn 2015.

[Ducati Scrambler Release Site]

　　　　Ducati Scrambler is a motorcycle full of modern style. Many traditional materials have been tried, such as aluminum alloy rear rocker arm, engine cover and steel drop-shaped fuel tank. At the same time, new materials and technologies have been adopted, such as front and rear LED light groups and LCD instrument display screen.

[Sketch of Scrambler Design in Ducati]

　　　　The English name of Ducati scramble also has many similarities with the verb Scramble, which contains the meanings of mixing, blending, thinking freely and sharing with others.

　[Ducati Scrambler Full Throttle]

　　　　Scrambler adopts a wide handle and a seat with a moderate length, which ensures a relaxed and comfortable riding posture. The lightweight, low center of gravity body and wide tread pattern ensure riding comfort on the one hand and good passability on the other, so that drivers can enjoy driving on different roads. Scrambler uses a round classic headlight and a delicate fuel tank, and the running lights composed of surrounding LED light rings make it full of modern flavor.

[Scrambler Urban Enduro, Ducati]

[Ducati Scrambler Classic]

　　　　In terms of body color, the Icon car has two choices: red and yellow, and the body color of Urban Enduro is "wild green". Full Throttle is built for fans who like racing, and they have a strong pursuit of the ultimate. Classic is built for those who are faithful to the details and the appearance style of the 1970s. On the one hand, they want to enjoy pure driving pleasure, on the other hand, they have high requirements for the comfort of modern vehicles.

[Ducati Scrambler Icon]

[Ducati Scrambler Icon]

　　　　Ducati Scrambler is equipped with an 803cc air-oil cooled L-type twin-cylinder engine, with an inner diameter stroke ratio of 88:66, the highest power output of 75 HP and the peak torque of 68Nm. The engine performance has been readjusted to make its power output smooth at any speed.

[Ducati Scrambler Icon]

　　　　In addition, Ducati will soon launch a series of exclusive clothing and accessories, which will provide more choices for Scrambler’s further customization.

[Ducati Scrambler Full Throttle]

[Ducati Scrambler Full Throttle]

　　　　Claudio Domenicali, President of Ducati Global, stressed at the press conference: "Ducati has maintained a steady growth trend in the past few years. In the past 12 months, compared with the same period, we achieved a sales growth of 5%, which once again set a new sales record.

[Ducati will also release a series of exclusive costumes and modified parts]

　　　　Editor’s comment:In the German Super Motorcycle Competition just past, the driver of Ducati won the title of driver and the title of manufacturer respectively, which added to Ducati’s honor and created a good environment for the release of Scrambler. At present, there is almost one year before Scrambler’s entry into China, so Ducati fans can get their wallets ready.

　　　 Related content review:

　　　 Re-evolution: Ducati Chengdu Exhibition Hall is fully upgraded and opened.
　　　 http://info.xcar.com.cn/201409/news_1678410_1.html

Today (24th), after six years of preparatory work and nine years of formal construction, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was officially opened to traffic. Behind this "century project" that shocked the world, there is a person who deeply participated in the whole process of bridge construction. He is Meng Fanchao, a bridge and tunnel student of Chongqing Jiaotong University in 1978 and now the chief designer of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. In his busy schedule, he accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter from Hualong. com.

Meng Fanchao (left) Respondents Photo courtesy of Hualong. com.

The heart of serving the country-

He devoted himself to the first-line exhibition and cultivated the bridge field for nearly 40 years.

The total length of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is about 55 kilometers, of which the main works include a 22.9-kilometer bridge, a 6.7-kilometer submarine tunnel and artificial islands in the east and west connecting the tunnel and the bridge. From scheme design to construction, China has created one project after another, breaking the limit of offshore bridge engineering in the world. It took 15 years from the establishment, construction and completion of the bridge, and the chief designer Meng Fanchao witnessed the whole process.

As early as 1980s, Meng Fanchao visited developed countries, and wherever he went, a modern transportation system had already been built, which deeply stimulated him. "We should do the same. We must step up planning and construction of expressways and bridges." Meng Fanchao said that it was this sense of urgency that prompted him to devote himself to the front line, to practice in his own field and to catch up.

Since 1982, Meng Fanchao has been deeply involved in the bridge design industry for nearly 40 years, witnessed the modernization of the national transportation system from toddler to soaring, and presided over and participated in the design of more than 20 advanced bridges in China and even in the world.

"It is the reform and opening up that has brought us opportunities, and thanks to the country for providing us with a stage to display our ambitions." Meng Fanchao said.

Meng Fanchao (sixth from left) took a group photo with some Chongqing Jiaotong University alumni on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Photo courtesy of the school Hualong net hair

Overcome the "century project"-

Put forward the concept of "four modernizations" and complete hundreds of scientific research innovations

In 2004, Meng Fanchao received the task of designing the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and began to undertake the feasibility study of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Since then, Meng Fanchao, together with more than 30,000 bridge builders, has challenged this "century project".

In Meng Fanchao’s view, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is not only a traffic construction project in China, but also a super project in the world. Therefore, the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge must have an international vision and mind. "We must build a leading bridge in the world today."

As a world-class super project, it must be supported by world-class quality. It is the special location of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the positioning of super-projects, the complexity of construction conditions and the requirements of technological innovation that determine that there are four major challenges in the construction process-engineering technology challenges, construction safety challenges, environmental protection challenges and construction management challenges.

Under the pressure of these "four challenges", Meng Fanchao put forward the concept of "large-scale, factory-oriented, standardized and assembled", also known as "four modernizations", which was recognized and supported by the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Administration and Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao.

By the eve of opening to traffic, the research team of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge had completed 31 innovative construction methods, 13 innovative software, 31 innovative equipment and 3 innovative products, and applied for 454 patents. "This is the most innovative project in a single bridge and tunnel in the world. It can be said that without innovation, there would be no Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao today." Meng Fanchao said.

At present, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a sea-crossing bridge with the longest mileage, the longest service life, the largest steel structure, the most difficult construction, the longest immersed tunnel, the highest technical content and the largest scientific patents and investment amount in the world. The technology and equipment scale of the bridge project have created many world records.

On October 22nd, after returning to his alma mater for a lecture, Meng Fanchao took a group photo with the students. Photo courtesy of the school Hualong net hair

Ingenuity does not forget the way-

I went back to my alma mater Chongqing Jiaotong University many times to talk to young students.

On the eve of the official opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, on the afternoon of October 20th, Meng Fanchao returned to his alma mater, Chongqing Jiaotong University, to participate in a series of commemorative activities of "Meet for 40 Years" for the alumni of the Department of Road and Bridge.

According to official website of Chongqing Jiaotong University, on the same day, in the academic exchange session with the theme of "New Achievements and New Thinking of Transportation Science and Technology", Meng Fanchao gave a wonderful speech entitled "My Bridge Experience and Practice", detailing all the major projects he participated in the construction and design since his employment, especially when he mentioned the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Facing the world-class bridge designers, the teachers and students present were absorbed and listened carefully.

In the view of Li Shijiao, director of the Liaison Office of Chongqing Jiaotong University, Meng Fanchao is a modest and low-key person who treats teachers, students and all walks of life as a gentleman. "Even if he didn’t have time to go home and take care of his family, he returned to his alma mater many times to guide the construction and development, and the dialogue encouraged the students to grow up, which well explained the two-way spirit of’ going into the endless road’ that his alma mater has always adhered to. The heart of boxing is evident." Li Shizhen said.

李世佼说，几十年来，孟凡超始终不忘当年恩师、全国知名桥梁专家顾安邦教授对桥梁人的热切期盼，希望早日实现从桥梁大国迈向桥梁强国的梦想。而今，他终于圆梦港珠澳大桥，以勇气、担当、协作，煅造着交大烙印的“匠心精神”，我们感到由衷地自豪和骄傲。

孟凡超作精彩演讲。 校方供图 华龙网发

》》对话孟凡超

华龙网：昨天港珠澳大桥举行开通仪式时，您在哪里？

孟凡超：我作为大桥管理和施工方面的代表之一，在东人工岛接受习总书记会见，他与我们一一握手、亲切交谈，让我倍感振奋，深受鼓舞。

华龙网：这些年多次上桥，正式开通后的感受有什么不同？

孟凡超：2016年6月份大桥主体结构就完工了，那时候就已经可以在上面跑了，但到处都是热火朝天的施工场景。现在不同了，大桥开通后，再到桥上去，感受更多的就是壮观、豪迈、大气，看到沿途的景观艺术、建筑风采都完整地呈现出来，就像自己孕育的孩子一样，满是自豪。

Hualong. com: After the opening of the bridge, many residents went to experience it today. In your opinion, what impact and effect will the bridge bring?

Meng Fanchao: The bridge connects Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao into a whole, and makes Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area realize urbanization and integration. Like new york, San Francisco and Tokyo Bay Area, it is more convenient to promote the life of Bay Area residents through the transportation in the same city, but the future population and economic aggregate of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will not be comparable to any existing world-class Bay Area.

The great significance of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is that it will completely change the population structure, economic structure and traffic status of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, promote the emergence of new lifestyles and new development models, and promote the integrated development of the three places. The indirect GDP may reach several trillion yuan or even more than ten trillion yuan.

As far as the bridge construction itself is concerned, in the ten years of bridge design and construction, we have made great efforts to innovate and trained a large number of engineering talents who have mastered the core construction technology, and the level of engineering design, construction and construction will reach a new level. It has accumulated experience and confidence for other large-scale projects in the future.

Hualong. com: The life expectancy of the bridge is 120 years. What measures are taken to ensure its realization?

Meng Fanchao: The construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge stands at the height of the whole country and is of great significance to promoting the development of Greater Bay Area. This urges us to adopt ultra-high standards for construction quality control, such as the thickness of concrete protective layer, corrosion-resistant steel bars, the dimensional accuracy of immersed tube steel bars in island tunnel projects, and the docking error of submerged tubes, and so on.

To ensure the service life of the bridge for 120 years means that all possible natural disasters, the erosion of the bridge structure by seawater and atmosphere, and even the fatigue and aging of the bridge itself should be taken into account. Therefore, during the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, we adopted the methods of large-scale, factory-based, standardization and assembly (that is, "four modernizations"). On the one hand, our principle is no blind area, all-round, all requirements can be reached, inspected, repaired and replaced; On the other hand, for permanent structures that cannot be replaced, we will guarantee the service life of more than 120 years.

Under the concept of "four modernizations", the problems of bridge island tunnel landscape culture and art, steel pipe composite pile foundation, high-precision assembly technology of bridge island tunnel and 120-year durability technology have been overcome, and hundreds of patent achievements have been obtained in this way.

Hualong. com: Are there any other projects you want to challenge after the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge?

Meng Fanchao: To the north of the Pearl River Delta, there are at least five or six large bridges waiting for us, such as Taiwan Province Strait Bridge, Qiongzhou Strait Bridge and Bohai Bay Passage. For us, the economic strength, technical level and engineering resources of bridge construction are still full of confidence, especially after the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has accumulated a large number of talents and technical experience.

Hualong. com: As an excellent graduate of Chongqing Jiaotong University, what do you think of your college career?

Meng Fanchao: It happened in 1978 when I entered the university. Everyone cherished the hard-won opportunity to study. At that time, our life was very simple. Every day, there were three points and one line in the classroom, dormitory and canteen, reading, self-study and homework. When we were tired of reading, we asked a few people to play ball games for a change and exercise. It’s not easy to become a college student. At that time, I thought I must study hard and make contributions to national construction.

Hualong. com: Over the years, you have come back to Chongqing many times. What do you think of Chongqing?

Meng Fanchao: The development of Chongqing is obvious to all. Especially after the direct administration, Chongqing’s transportation system has developed rapidly and high-rise buildings abound, showing a prosperous scene. Together with the natural environment where the two rivers meet, it has created this unique mountain city that is rare in the whole country. As a student coming out of Chongqing, I feel very gratified and proud. It is hoped that Chongqing will be able to build more high-quality bridges in the future, improve the rapid transportation system and boost the high-quality development of the city.

Hualong. com: What messages do you have for young students?

Meng Fanchao: First of all, we should devote enough energy to basic study and professional study. On the premise of laying a solid foundation and ensuring intensive study, we should also have a certain breadth of knowledge. An excellent engineer, whether engaged in construction or design, has a wealth of knowledge. After entering the post, it is not only things in books that show his ability, but also humanities, politics, economy, history, geography and so on can help you broaden your horizons.

Nearly 3000 Chongqing people participated in the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Respondents for the picture Hualong. com

"Pay tribute to Chongqing and these people who participated in the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Meng Fanchao is just a microcosm of the participation in the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. It is proud that nearly 3000 Chongqing people participated in the construction of this bridge, and they made our pride with their wisdom and sweat. Hualong. com reporters collected a list of some Chongqing builders who participated in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (in no particular order) to pay tribute to all the builders who participated in the bridge construction.　

Liu Wei: chief supervision engineer of traffic engineering for the main project of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Liu Wei is a master of engineering in Chongqing Jiaotong University in 2005, and once worked as the chief supervision engineer in the traffic engineering of the main project of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. He said that the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a milestone in their lives, the most memorable day in their lives, and an indelible mark in their work. "For many builders, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has gone from the design to the completion, and everyone has entered the middle age without doubt from the passionate youth. The most exciting years in life are accompanied by the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge."

Zhang Hong: Responsible for prefabrication of submarine immersed tunnel for Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao project.

In December 2010, the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge started. In 2011, Zhang Hong, the chief engineer of Chongqing, came to Zhuhai to participate in the construction. His job is the prefabrication of submarine immersed tunnel. "In order to let the 10,000-ton ship pass through, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge designed a submarine immersed tunnel. 33 tunnels were completed in a nearby factory in advance, and then they were seamlessly connected like Lego bricks." Zhang Hong said that in the past seven years, he has challenged various technical problems and suffered many failures. "But now the magnificent bridge is in front of me, and I can’t remember the painful days I have experienced at all."

Pay tribute to this group of Chongqing people who participated in the construction. Respondents for the picture Hualong. com

Zhang Baolan: Major Female Professors Overcome the Key Technology to Make the Cross-Harbour Tunnel "Water-tight"

The key to the successful completion of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge lies in the submarine immersed tube tunnel. Concrete is the most important thing to ensure that the immersed tunnel will not leak water on the seabed for 120 years. Zhang Baolan, an alumnus of the Building Materials Department of the 1983 School of Materials of Chongqing University, has overcome the key technology to make the cross-harbour tunnel "watertight". She is also the only female professor and senior engineer who always insists on working in the front line of this project. She said that the most important thing is to be calm and calm when encountering such a good project as the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and overcoming many difficulties to persevere and lead the team to achieve good results.

Yang Shaobin: Main Force of Artificial Island Construction, General Manager of No.2 Company of CCCC Second Navigation Bureau.

Yang Shaobin graduated from the Department of Road Engineering of Chongqing Jiaotong University in 1998. The Second Company of CCCC No.2 Navigation Bureau, where he works, is the main force in the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, undertaking numerous construction tasks and creating a series of engineering miracles.

Jiang Shuping: technical director of research on disaster reduction and prevention system of Zhuhai-Hong Kong-Macao Cross-Harbour Tunnel.

Jiang Shuping is the project science and technology director/consultant of China Merchants Chongqing Transportation Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., and the winner of Chongqing Science and Technology Award in 2018-Outstanding Contribution Award for Science and Technology. He led the team to develop a 1:1 full-scale disaster prevention and mitigation test platform for immersed tunnel of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and the largest high-temperature test furnace in the transportation industry, and developed comprehensive test technologies such as combustion, smoke exhaust and escape. In 2015, they also conducted a real car burning fire test in the tunnel.

Jiang yuanqing: director of the first project department of traffic engineering of hong kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge of China railway construction corporation

Participated in the development of the first domestic three-place charging system. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is used by cars licensed by the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. It took his team more than a year to develop an application software system to adapt to the toll lanes in three places. This charging system is the first in China.

Lv Zhengrun: Captain of the optical cable operation team of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge of China Railway Construction Corporation. Leading a team of 8 people, specializing in the connection of more than 2,300 kilometers of optical cables.

Bing Lin, a native of Nan ‘an District, is a doctor of Tongji University, a professor-level senior engineer and an electromechanical expert in Chongqing, and serves as the deputy chief supervision engineer of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Xi Song, a native of Tongnan, is a registered safety engineer, and serves as the director of the safety and environmental protection department of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao traffic engineering supervision.

Wanquanquan, a native of Nan ‘an District, is a senior engineer, serving as the director of the supervision contract department of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao traffic engineering.

Lin Bo, a native of Yuzhong District, is a registered supervision engineer, and serves as the director of traffic engineering supervision engineering department of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Chen Yidong, a native of Jiangbei District, is a registered supervision engineer, a professional supervision engineer of traffic engineering in Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao, and the deputy chief engineer of traffic engineering in Zhongyu Company.

Tan Jiangli, a native of Nan ‘an District, is a registered supervision engineer. She is a professional supervision engineer of traffic engineering in Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao, and the deputy chief engineer of traffic engineering in Zhongyu Company.

Luo Xiaolin, a native of Qijiang District, is a registered professional supervision engineer and works as a professional supervision engineer for traffic engineering of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Wu Xiaodong, a native of Nan ‘an District, is the traffic engineer of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Hu Guanghui, a native of Banan District, is the traffic engineer of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Some Chongqing builders who participated in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge took a group photo at the opening ceremony of the bridge. Respondents for the picture Hualong. com

　　"If the dry wine is not sold?" That classic old song sung by Julie on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and even the whole Chinese community seems to be very suitable for the Democratic Progressive Party authorities who are mired in the "Taiwan independence" now. This group of national scum, who are swollen and fat, are willing to act as the "big head" for American politicians to sell second-hand weapons, turning the bluffing Taiwan military into an out-and-out "recycling bin".

　　On the 17th of this month, an F-16 fighter plane of Taiwan Province’s military lost contact off Hualien, and the pilot has not been heard from since. This is the second fighter plane that the Taiwan military fell in 20 days, and it is also the fourth accident in which it crashed and killed people this year.

　　The Democratic Progressive Party authorities are hard to blame for the frequent accidents of the Taiwan military. For some time, in order to rely on the United States to seek "independence" and "unite with the United States to resist the land", they sold weapons to Taiwan to the United States, no matter how long they were eliminated and how high the price was, and they took them all, resulting in heavy losses and frequent accidents for the Taiwan military and becoming a poor "waste recycling center."

　　At the press conference of the Ministry of National Defense on October 29, Wu Qian told the "Taiwan independence" separatists that "independence" by force is a dead end.

　　It is clear to the discerning eye that the so-called US arms sales to Taiwan are in essence nothing more than a trick that some politicians and military interest groups in the US regard Taiwan Province as an "ATM" and use a large number of discarded second-hand equipment waste to realize sky-high prices. The whole transaction is entirely determined by the interests of the United States, and Taiwan Province has no say at all. No matter how bad the junk is, the United States always buys and sells at the same price, and even makes an own goal that the United States announced arms sales without the knowledge of the Taiwan military executives and eventually "swallowed hard".

　　According to media reports, the F-5E fighter plane that crashed at the end of October has been in service for more than 40 years. Taiwan Province has purchased relevant spare parts from the US twice in 2016 and 2018, but has not received any reply. The Democratic Progressive Party authorities kowtowed to the United States, which led to the death of Taiwan soldiers. The media revealed that the pilot had revealed to his family before his death that the old F-5 would have an accident sooner or later, and it was verified!

　　Even so, in order to enhance the bargaining chip against the mainland, the Democratic Progressive Party authorities are still willing to fill in the big spenders, and they will not hesitate to leave their debts to their children and grandchildren, and continue to increase their purchases of US troops. According to statistics, the current US government has approved 10 batches of arms sales to Taiwan in four years, with a total price exceeding 18 billion US dollars, far exceeding the total amount of the government in eight years. You know, at a time when the mainland firmly holds the leading power and initiative in cross-strait relations, the more junk Democratic Progressive Party buys, the less life safety of Taiwan soldiers will be guaranteed. The old equipment in the United States is more like a reminder of the Taiwan military than an amulet.

　　The Taiwan Air Force and the sea patrol continued to conduct large-scale search and rescue, and nine audio signals have been detected so far.

　　Of course, the Democratic Progressive Party authorities who are bent on seeking "independence" simply don’t care about the life and death of the Taiwan military. They constantly provoke and escalate their words and deeds to seek "independence", openly clamoring that the US arms sales to Taiwan "can reach the mainland coast", in an attempt to further raise the tension between the two sides of the strait and forcibly bind the Taiwan military to the "Taiwan independence" chariot. However, the reality is that the disparity in military strength between the two sides of the strait, the normalization of cruises around the island by military warships of the People’s Liberation Army, and live-fire exercises in the Taiwan Strait all put the Taiwan military under unprecedented pressure. According to Taiwan media statistics, before the F-16 lost contact, there had been many major accidents in the Taiwan military this year, resulting in the death of 15 officers and men, which was an out-and-out "super disaster year". In the face of the counter-deterrence of the People’s Liberation Army, the Taiwan military has been tired of coping with it and accidents have continued. If the two sides of the strait really meet each other, what can those American-style equipment like patchwork be used for? Does the Taiwan military really want to act as cannon fodder for "Taiwan independence"?

　　For the sake of one party’s selfish interests, the Democratic Progressive Party authorities constantly incited cross-strait hostility and tried their best to cooperate with the United States to turn Taiwan Province into a so-called "fighting porcupine". In fact, they pushed the Taiwan military to the forefront of cross-strait conflicts and showed extreme disregard for the lives of Taiwan soldiers. As we all know, once the war breaks out, the scrap metal that these Taiwan authorities bought from the United States at a high price is useless at all. Just as the spokesman of the Ministry of National Defense issued a solemn warning to the "Taiwan independence" separatists, there is no way out to engage in confrontation, and it is even more a dead end to seek "independence" by force. Taiwan soldiers should be awake. (According to the Voice of China of the Central Radio and Television General Station)