Cctv network eliminationInterest: Why are the cases of minors being violated increasing year by year? Recently, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate released several sets of data concerning the violation of minors. Taking the crime of child molestation as an example, it has been on the rise in the past five years.

　　With the approach of June 1st, in the past two days, judicial organs all over the country are doing the same thing: introducing to the public the work they have done in cracking down on crimes against minors in the past year through various means. For example, the Guangdong Provincial Procuratorate has specially published a white paper, while the Hangzhou Procuratorate has reported the current situation and trend of minors’ infringement in recent years through a press conference. The Beijing Higher People’s Court released relevant data specifically for cases of sexual assault on minors.

　　On the 29th, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate also held a press conference to inform that since 2017, procuratorial organs have punished crimes against minors and strengthened judicial protection of minors.

　　Groups of data released by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate reflect the grim situation of the protection of minors in China. Take the crime of child molestation as an example. In the past five years, criminal cases have been on the rise. From the point of view of crime types, sexual assault and injury cases account for a relatively large proportion in the cases of public prosecution; Among the crimes committed by adults against minors, rape, child molestation, forced molestation, organizing prostitution and other sexual assault cases are frequent.

　　In addition to the increasing number of crimes prosecuted, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate also emphasized another reality at the press conference on the 29th, that is, in addition to these data, there are actually a large number of juvenile crimes that have not been discovered.

　　The press conference of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate informed the public with detailed data that the protection of minors in China is facing great challenges at present.

　　To put it simply, there are two factors. The first aspect is the form of protection for minors, which is indeed more severe than before, that is, cases of infringement of minors’ rights and interests do occur more than they should have. There are various factors of social change, such as population mobility, which makes left-behind children vulnerable when their parents are not around, including some children who go to the city with their parents, and the children of these migrants are sometimes vulnerable. In addition, the Internet has also brought great influence, that is, the pornography, violence and other factors of the Internet make children hurt more and more easily to some extent. In other words, it is a fact that the situation of protecting minors is more severe. On the other hand, from the perspective of the judiciary, it has also paid more attention to the protection of minors and intensified the crackdown on similar crimes. Therefore, we have seen an increase in such cases.

　　At the meeting of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, a problem was raised, that is, when handling cases of crimes against minors, this case is more difficult than other cases, which is difficult to find, verify and accuse. This is an objective reality, that is, the cases of sexual abuse of minors are recognized as the largest category in the world. From the perspective of our country, some cases of sexual abuse of minors, for example, are influenced by traditional concepts, fearing that your reputation will be affected, parents and children will not report the case. In addition, even if you report the case, considering that there is no evidence, for example, the public security organs are not willing to establish a criminal case at the beginning, so it is difficult to file a case.

　　With the change of the whole society, the cases that may be infringed upon by minors are gradually showing an upward trend.

　　13-year-old Fenfen was taken to the hotel by 29-year-old Li to have sex. Afterwards, Fenfen reported that she was raped. However, after investigation by the local police, she decided not to file a case.

　　According to police investigations, Li did not know and both parties were voluntary. However, the decision not to file a case has caused constant doubts from public opinion. Twenty-seven days after the notice of not filing the case was issued, the Anhua County Public Security Bureau of Hunan Province announced that it would cancel the previous decision and said that it would continue to investigate the case.

　　A case involving minors reflects the differences in understanding between some grass-roots judicial organs in judging the infringement of minors.

　　In addition to the differences in judicial ideas in practice, there are also differences in system exploration in some places in the face of increasingly severe protection of minors.

　　On April 27th this year, the Xiaoshan District Procuratorate of Hangzhou, together with Xiaoshan District Public Security Bureau, Dajiangdong Public Security Bureau, Xiaoshan District Health Planning Bureau and Dajiangdong Social Development Bureau, jointly issued the Opinions on Establishing a Compulsory Reporting System for Infringement on Minors, clearly requiring medical institutions to report cases of abnormal injuries and deaths found in the course of medical treatment in a timely manner, which is regarded by public opinion as the first "compulsory reporting system" in China.

　　In fact, as early as 2014, there were media reports that some places began to explore the establishment of a "mandatory reporting" system for juvenile infringement cases, but by 2018, only Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou became the first place to implement the system.

　　Last year, the Minhang District Procuratorate of Shanghai took the lead in issuing regulations to restrict those who have committed crimes involving sexual assault, such as rape and indecency, from working in close contact with minors. Their approach is to establish a "database of criminals involved in sexual assault". Subsequently, nine units in Huaiyin District, Huai ‘an City, Jiangsu Province, also issued the System on Prohibition of Employment and Information Disclosure of Juvenile Offenders.

　　To protect minors, some places have made active explorations in the system, and this exploration has also won the appreciation of public opinion. What we need more is that this positive system promotion can be carried out in more and more places.

Smoke billowed from the chimney. Zhang Xinyan’s information

　　　　　　　　On June 1st, the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Tort Liability Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation) was issued. There are 19 articles in the Interpretation, which mainly include: the principle of imputation and the reasons for exemption; The responsibility of several people to discharge pollutants; Liability for environmental pollution caused by the fault of the third party; Distribution of burden of proof; Provisions on evidence; Evidence preservation; The responsibility of the polluter; Responsibilities of relevant environmental service agencies; Scope of application and limitation of action.

　　　　　　　　What are the highlights of the Interpretation and what impact will it bring? The reporter interviewed Sun Youhai, former deputy director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office, now professor of Tianjin University and dean of law school on these issues.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsWhat is the imputation principle of environmental pollution tort liability in the Interpretation?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe essence of Article 1 of the Interpretation is whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution. In practice, there are two opinions on whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution.

　　　　　　　　One view is that in the past, some laws regarded "illegality" as one of the constitutive requirements of environmental pollution responsibility, so it should be adhered to. Another view is that Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law does not distinguish whether pollutants are discharged legally, but whether the polluter is at fault or not, and the polluter shall bear tort liability. In other words, even if the pollutant discharge behavior of the polluter meets the requirements of national or local pollutant discharge standards, it shall bear tort liability as long as it causes damage.

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation adheres to the "no-fault principle", that is, no matter whether the polluter is subjectively "intentional" about the pollutants discharged, as long as it discharges pollutants and causes damage, it should bear civil liability. This is the inevitable result of the development of international environmental law and the concrete embodiment of the development of China’s environmental law. According to this provision, the people’s court will not support the claim that the polluter does not assume responsibility on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards.

　　　　　　　　There are also many cases for reference in trial practice. For example, the People’s Court of Longtan District, Jilin City (2004) Long Min Yi Chu Zi No.1377 case.

　　　　　　　　The defendant is a chemical enterprise that produces sulfuric acid, and the vineyard planted by Wang is nearby. Wang sued the court for the defendant’s discharge of sulfur dioxide, which caused his grapes to be reduced due to pollution, while the defendant argued that it was a discharge unit that reached the standard through special environmental impact assessment.

　　　　　　　　The court held that the national or local pollutant discharge standards are only the basis for the environmental protection department to decide whether the pollutant discharge unit needs to pay sewage charges and carry out environmental management, rather than the boundary for determining whether the pollutant discharge unit is liable for compensation. The legal discharge of pollutants by enterprises may also lead to dangerous results of damage to others, and there should be relief if there is damage. The Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution does not regard illegality as a necessary condition for the actor to bear civil liability, which shows that the constitution of environmental civil liability does not require the actor’s behavior to be illegal.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow should several polluters bear the responsibility for causing damage by polluting the environment?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiSeveral polluters commit environmental pollution, including two situations: first, several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution; Second, several polluters commit environmental pollution behaviors respectively. Articles 2 and 3 of this Interpretation respectively stipulate these two situations.

　　　　　　　　First, if several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution and cause damage to the infringed, they shall be jointly and severally liable in accordance with Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　Second, if several polluters respectively commit environmental pollution and cause the same damage, the Interpretation stipulates that three situations should be distinguished.

　　　　　　　　It should be noted that Articles 2 and 3 of the Interpretation stipulate how several polluters should be held responsible for the damage caused by environmental pollution. If it is necessary to determine how to share the responsibility among several polluters, the provisions of Article 4 of the Interpretation shall apply.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to bear the responsibility for environmental pollution damage caused by the fault of the third party?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiIn practice, some environmental pollution behaviors are caused by the fault of a third person other than the polluter and the infringed. In this case, in order to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of the infringed, Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law stipulates that the infringed may choose to request the polluter or a third party to compensate.

　　　　　　　　However, the Tort Liability Law does not clarify the litigation status of the polluter and the third party. If the polluter is also at fault for polluting the environment, how should the third party bear the responsibility and whether the polluter can claim to reduce or exempt the responsibility on the grounds of the third party’s fault. To this end, the fifth article of this Interpretation stipulates three aspects.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsThe Interpretation stipulates the burden of proof of the infringer and the polluter respectively. How should the parties give evidence?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 6 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of the infringed, which is based on Article 64 of the Civil Procedure Law. In practice, there is no dispute that the infringed should bear the burden of proof for the pollution behavior and the damage facts. However, there are two opinions on whether the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage results.

　　　　　　　　One view is that according to Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law, the principle of inversion of the burden of proof of causality applies to environmental pollution liability disputes, and the polluter should bear the burden of proof for the absence of causality, and the infringed should not bear any burden of proof for causality; Another view is that the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage. After research, the second opinion was adopted.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of polluters, which is based on the provisions of Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law. According to Article 66 of Tort Liability Law, polluters should bear the burden of proof that there is no causal relationship between behavior and damage. However, under what circumstances, the people’s court can determine that the polluter has completed the burden of proof, which is not clearly stipulated in the law and has different practices in practice. After repeated research, Article 7 of the Interpretation stipulates four situations.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsIt is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in some cases. How should we deal with it?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe trial of civil cases of environmental pollution often involves specialized issues such as pollutant identification, loss assessment, causal relationship identification, etc., and the judicial appraisal institution needs to issue appraisal opinions. However, at present, there are few institutions with environmental pollution appraisal qualifications, long appraisal period and high cost, which are difficult to meet the practical needs of handling cases.

　　　　　　　　In view of this, the Interpretation refers to the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Environmental Pollution, which clearly stipulates that if it is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in the case, it may entrust a judicial appraisal institution with relevant qualifications to issue an appraisal opinion or an institution recommended by the environmental protection department of the State Council to issue an inspection, testing or monitoring report.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to play an expert role in the trial of environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiEnvironmental tort liability disputes involve many technical and professional issues, and the parties often can’t meet the needs of litigation according to their own knowledge. Judges and litigation agents entrusted by the parties are generally expert in law, but they are not necessarily clear about the technical problems in the facts of the case.

　　　　　　　　In order to fully protect the litigation rights of the parties, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and help the judge to judge in the middle and correctly identify the facts, the Interpretation clearly stipulates the procedures and functions of people with specialized knowledge to appear in court according to Article 79 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　First, the procedure for people with specialized knowledge to appear in court. If it is necessary for a person with specialized knowledge to appear in court, the parties concerned shall apply to the people’s court and explain the reasons. If a party fails to apply, the people’s court may explain it to him if it deems it necessary;

　　　　　　　　Second, the role of people with specialized knowledge in court. People with specialized knowledge appear in court, mainly to give opinions on expert opinions or professional issues such as pollutant identification, damage consequences and causality. Moreover, the opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What civil liabilities should the polluter bear in environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiAccording to Article 15 of Tort Liability Law, the main ways to bear tort liability are: stop the infringement; Remove obstacles; Eliminate danger; Return property; Restore to the original state; Compensation for losses; Apologize; 8 kinds, such as eliminating influence and restoring reputation. Among them, "returning property" belongs to the typical right of claim, and "eliminating influence and restoring reputation" belongs to the typical category of personality right. According to the characteristics of environmental damage, returning property, eliminating influence and restoring reputation generally do not apply to environmental tort liability disputes.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Interpretation stipulates that the people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringed person and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Among them, "restitution" mainly requires the infringer to bear the responsibility of pollution control and ecological restoration, including in-situ restoration and off-site restoration. If the infringer fails to control or repair or is unable to control or repair, the people’s court may entrust the relevant unit to perform it on his behalf, and the expenses shall be borne by the polluter. "Compensation for losses" includes the property loss and personal loss caused by the infringed party’s pollution behavior and the expenses incurred by necessary and reasonable measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminate pollution.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What responsibilities should environmental service agencies bear?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 65 of the Environmental Protection Law stipulates that environmental impact assessment institutions, environmental monitoring institutions and institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment and pollution prevention facilities, if they resort to deception in relevant environmental service activities and are responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage, they shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and shall also be jointly and severally liable with other persons responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage.

　　　　　　　　In order to enhance the practical operation of this article and unify the applicable standards of the law, Article 16 of the Interpretation stipulates that if one of the circumstances is met, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to understand the relationship between the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe newly revised Civil Procedure Law and Environmental Protection Law both stipulate environmental civil public interest litigation and private interest litigation. These two types of litigation have commonalities in ascertaining the facts of the case and taking responsibility, while public interest litigation is different from private interest litigation in the aspects of litigation subject, litigation purpose and litigation request.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Supreme People’s Court drafted the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases. Among them, the Interpretation applies not only to environmental civil public interest litigation, but also to environmental civil private interest litigation, stipulates the general rules applicable to both types of litigation, and focuses on regulating substantive issues such as how polluters bear responsibility; The Interpretation of Environmental Public Interest Litigation only provides special rules applicable to public interest litigation, focusing on standardizing procedural issues such as parties and jurisdiction of environmental public interest litigation.

What impact does the Interpretation bring?

　　　　　　　　1. To the people’s court

　　　　　　　　In view of the problems existing in the environmental trial, the Interpretation clarifies the boundaries of civil liability that all relevant subjects should bear, which will greatly improve the quality and effectiveness of the trial and help improve the judicial credibility.

　　　　　　　　2. To the environmental protection department

　　　　　　　　In the process of drafting the Interpretation, the opinions of the competent department of environmental protection were fully solicited, and the relationship between the trial work of the people’s court and the administrative management of the competent department of environmental protection was clarified, which greatly reduced the pressure of letters and visits to environmental protection, and was bound to help improve the work efficiency of the competent department of environmental protection.

　　　　　　　　3. For polluters

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the polluter’s no-fault principle for his own pollution behavior, and also clarifies how to bear the burden of proof when several polluters commit environmental pollution and a third person causes damage. Therefore, it will play a positive role in distinguishing right from wrong and distinguishing responsibilities, thus increasing the compensation of polluters and promoting environmental improvement.

　　　　　　　　4. For pollution victims

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the responsibilities of relevant subjects such as polluters, polluters and victims, and between them and third parties, which greatly facilitates polluters to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law. At the same time, it also clarifies some of the burden of proof that pollution victims should bear, which is objectively conducive to preventing the occurrence of indiscriminate complaints.

　　　　　　　　5. Environmental service agencies

　　　　　　　　In order to implement the new environmental protection law, the Interpretation clearly stipulates that environmental service agencies shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation for fraud that may occur in their service work. This will objectively promote them to improve their integrity and do their due diligence in environmental services within their own scope according to law.

Attached to the original interpretation:

　　　　　　　　In order to correctly hear environmental tort liability disputes, this interpretation is formulated in accordance with the provisions of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tort Liability Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Civil Procedure Law and other laws, combined with trial practice.

　　　　　　　　the first No matter whether the polluter is at fault or not, the polluter shall bear tort liability for damage caused by environmental pollution. The people’s court shall not support the claim that the polluter is not liable on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards..

　　　　　　　　Where the polluter does not bear the responsibility or reduces the responsibility, the provisions of the marine environmental protection law, the water pollution prevention law, the air pollution prevention law and other separate laws on environmental protection shall apply; Where there are no provisions in the specific law on environmental protection, the provisions of the Tort Liability Law shall apply.

　　　　　　　　the second If two or more polluters jointly commit pollution acts and cause damage, and the infringed party requests the polluters to bear joint liability according to Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law, the people’s court shall support it.

　　　　　　　　Article If two or more polluters commit pollution acts separately and cause the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is enough to cause all damage, the people’s court shall support the infringer’s request that the polluters bear joint liability according to Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case that two or more polluters have committed pollution acts respectively, causing the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is not enough to cause all the damage, and the infringed party requests the polluter to bear the responsibility according to Article 12 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case where two or more polluters respectively commit pollution acts that cause the same damage, and some polluters’ pollution acts are enough to cause all the damage, while some polluters’ pollution acts only cause part of the damage. In accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law, the infringed party requests the polluter that causes all the damage and other polluters to bear joint and several liability for all the damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 4 The people’s court shall determine the extent to which two or more polluters are responsible for polluting the environment according to the types, emissions, harmfulness of pollutants, whether there is a discharge permit, whether it exceeds the pollutant discharge standard, whether it exceeds the total discharge control index of key pollutants and other factors.

　　　　　　　　Article 5 The people’s court shall accept the case where the infringer sued the polluter and the third party separately or simultaneously according to the provisions of Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　If the infringed party requests the third party to bear the liability for compensation, the people’s court shall determine the corresponding liability for compensation according to the degree of the third party’s fault.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall not support the polluter’s claim that he will not bear the responsibility or reduce the responsibility on the grounds that the fault of a third party has caused damage to the environment.

　　　　　　　　Article 6 Where the infringed party requests compensation according to Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law, it shall provide evidence to prove the following facts:

　　　　　　　　(1) The polluter has discharged pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(2) the damage caused by the infringer;

　　　　　　　　(3) There is a correlation between pollutants discharged by polluters or secondary pollutants and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 If the polluter proves one of the following circumstances, the people’s court shall determine that there is no causal relationship between the pollution behavior and the damage:

　　　　　　　　(a) the discharged pollutants did not cause the damage;

　　　　　　　　(2) The discharged pollutants that can cause the damage have not reached the place where the damage occurred;

　　　　　　　　(three) the damage occurred before the discharge of pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(4) Other circumstances in which it can be determined that there is no causal relationship between pollution behavior and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 8 For the specialized problem of finding out the facts of environmental pollution cases, you can entrust a judicial authentication institution with relevant qualifications to issue an expert opinion or an institution recommended by the competent department of environmental protection of the State Council to issue an inspection report, test report, evaluation report or monitoring data.

　　　　　　　　Article 9 If a party applies to notify one or two persons with specialized knowledge to appear in court and put forward opinions on expert opinions, pollutant identification, damage results, causality and other professional issues, the people’s court may grant permission. If the parties fail to apply, the people’s court may interpret it if it deems it necessary.

　　　　　　　　The opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for ascertaining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 10 The investigation report, inspection report, inspection report, evaluation report or monitoring data of environmental pollution incidents issued by the department responsible for environmental protection supervision and management or the agency entrusted by it can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 11 For sudden or short-lasting environmental pollution, if the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain later, the people’s court shall allow the parties or interested parties to apply for evidence preservation in accordance with the provisions of Article 81 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 12 If the respondent has one of the circumstances stipulated in Article 63 of the Environmental Protection Law, and the parties or interested parties apply for preservation according to Article 100 or Article 101 of the Civil Procedure Law, the people’s court may order the respondent to immediately stop the infringement or take pollution prevention measures.

　　　　　　　　Article 13 The people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring to the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringer and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Article 14 If the infringer requests restitution, the people’s court may judge the polluter to bear the responsibility of environmental restoration according to law, and at the same time determine the environmental restoration expenses that the defendant should bear when he fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration.

　　　　　　　　If the polluter fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration within the time limit determined by the effective judgment, the people’s court may entrust others to carry out environmental restoration, and the expenses required shall be borne by the polluter.

　　　　　　　　Article 15 The people’s court shall support the infringer in suing the polluter for compensation for property losses and personal injuries caused by pollution and the reasonable expenses incurred by taking necessary measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminating pollution.

　　　　　　　　Article 16 Under any of the following circumstances, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law:

　　　　　　　　(a) the environmental impact assessment agency issued a seriously inaccurate evaluation document knowing that the materials provided by the client were false;

　　　　　　　　(two) environmental monitoring institutions or institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment deliberately conceal the fact that the client has exceeded the pollutant discharge standards or exceeded the total emission control indicators of key pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(3) Institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of pollution prevention facilities intentionally fail to operate or abnormally operate environmental monitoring equipment or pollution prevention facilities;

　　　　　　　　(four) other cases of fraud in the environmental service activities of the relevant institutions.

　　　　　　　　Article 17 Where the infringer brings a lawsuit and requests the polluter to stop the infringement, remove the obstruction and eliminate the danger, it is not subject to the limitation period stipulated in Article 66 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 18 This interpretation is applicable to the trial of civil cases that cause damage due to environmental pollution and ecological destruction, except as otherwise provided by laws and judicial interpretations for environmental civil public interest litigation cases.

　　　　　　　　This interpretation does not apply to disputes over adjacent pollution infringement and disputes over workers’ pollution damage in their professional activities.

　　　　　　　　Article 19 After the implementation of this interpretation, the provisions of this interpretation shall apply to cases of first and second instance that have not been concluded by the people’s courts. This interpretation does not apply to cases that have already made effective judgments before the implementation of this interpretation, and if they are retried according to law after the implementation of this interpretation.

　　　　　　　　After the implementation of this interpretation, if the judicial interpretation previously promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court is inconsistent with this interpretation, it will no longer apply.　 　 　　

China National Intellectual Property Administration Proclamation　

No.91

　　In order to meet the needs of the parties in their economic and legal activities for patent-related certification documents, China National Intellectual Property Administration has formulated a new version of three certification documents: Copy of Patent Register, Certificate and Patent Description. The relevant enabling matters are hereby announced as follows.

　　First, the new version of the certificate has been in use since July 1, 2003. Since the same day, China National Intellectual Property Administration will no longer use the original version of the certificate; All kinds of old certificates issued by China National Intellectual Property Administration before June 30, 2003 (including that day) still have the prescribed effect after July 1, 2003 and will not be replaced.

　　Two, the "copy of the patent register" is a certificate made according to the patent register set up in China National Intellectual Property Administration, which is used to record the matters stipulated in Article 88 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to Article 117 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), anyone can request China National Intellectual Property Administration to issue a copy of the Patent Register from the date when the patent application is announced to grant the patent right.
　　"Certificate" is used to prove the fact that China National Intellectual Property Administration once issued a patent certificate, and to record the time when China National Intellectual Property Administration issued the relevant patent certificate and the related matters of the patents involved. Due to the loss of patent certificate, transfer of patent right or other legal reasons, the patentee (including the original patentee whose patent right has been terminated or transferred) may request China National Intellectual Property Administration to issue a Certificate.
　　The Patent Specification is a copy of the announcement text of the invention or utility model patent, which mainly contains the authorized claims and specifications (including the attached drawings, if any). For the purpose of short-term registration in Hongkong or other purposes permitted by laws and regulations, the patentee may request China National Intellectual Property Administration to issue a Patent Description.

　　3. In addition to meeting the requirements of this announcement, the unit or individual who requests the China National Intellectual Property Administration to handle the above-mentioned certification documents shall also submit the certificate or personal identification documents issued by the unit and other documents that should be submitted in accordance with laws, regulations and administrative rules; If it is handled by others, the original power of attorney issued by the parties shall be submitted.

　　Four, according to the provisions of Article 68 of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the fees shall be paid in accordance with the provisions for handling the above documents.

　　Five, the request for the above documents shall follow the standard format and be filled in Chinese.

　　6. The request and fees for handling the above supporting documents can be delivered in person or sent to: General Office of Preliminary Examination and Process Management Department of China National Intellectual Property Administration Patent Office, No.6 Xitucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing (postcode 100088).

　　Seven, three new versions of the documents are attached.

　　It is hereby announced.

　　　　　　　State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 June 30th, 2003

　

register

Register cover

　　　 Back cover of register

　　　　　Prove　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　

Proof cover

Proof back cover

Instruction cover　　　　　　 　　

　Back cover of instruction manual

Title page of instruction sample

CCTV News:Recently, a number of key projects in many places in China have been completed and delivered or welcomed important nodes to promote economic construction and people’s livelihood development.

The residential area of Beijing Dongao Village has been fully completed and put into use.

A few days ago, the residential area of Beijing Winter Olympic Village was fully completed and delivered to the Beijing Winter Olympic Organizing Committee for use. During the Games, the residential area will provide accommodation, catering, medical care and other security services for athletes and team officials from all countries. After the competition, Dongao Village will be transformed into a talented public rental house.

Qu Chen, Project Manager of Beijing Winter Olympic Village:We pay more attention to the influence of architecture on people. You will see that all the lamps are not the traditional big ceiling lamps, or a particularly large chandelier, which both diffuses light and wastes, and at the same time makes people feel uncomfortable. There is no such main light in the bedroom, but all are wall lights.

Xiong’an new area’s first high-standard sports park put into use.

In xiong’an new area, a newly-built sports park was put into use, which is also the first high-standard sports park in xiong’an new area, providing a public place for local people to relax and exercise.

Xiong’an new area citizen Mr. Sun:The new sports park is quite good, with a runway, a basketball court and a football field, and the football field is an 11-player full-size football field.

Qingdao, Shandong: The first boring machine tunnel of Metro Line 4 runs through two lines.

Recently, Metro Line 4, which runs through the east-west direction of the main city of Qingdao, Shandong Province, ushered in key construction nodes, and the first double-line tunnel constructed by roadheader was connected. The project adopts two new TBM boring machines independently developed by China, and cooperates with automatic measuring robots. At an ultra-close distance of less than 2 meters, the project safely passes through the subway line 3 in operation, and the surface subsidence is almost zero. It has solved many world-class engineering problems in the construction of boring machines in coastal areas, and accumulated successful experience for the scientific research and construction of underground projects in coastal cities in China under special environmental conditions.

Zhu Ming, General Manager of Qingdao Metro Group Construction Branch:The settlement under the existing line is controlled within 1 mm, and the double-track connection is realized in advance, which creates favorable conditions for the next track laying.

With the full resumption of production of domestic automobile manufacturers, the number of automobile exports is increasing. The picture shows a large number of domestic vehicles assembled at berth 69 of Dongfang Company Wharf in Lianyungang Port, Jiangsu Province, ready for shipment and export. Photo by Wang Chun/Bright Picture

On March 30th, Jerry Environmental Protection Group, located in Yantai, Shandong Province, held an "online inspection meeting". Technicians broadcast the equipment details and functional testing process to Saudi customers through live video to ensure the timely delivery of the project. Photo by Tang Ke/Bright Picture

On April 2, in Anhui Deke Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei City, Anhui Province, workers were working hard to make foreign trade orders. Photo by Liu Xiaohua/Bright picture

　　[Economic Interface]

　　At the beginning of March, overseas customers were still urging delivery, and after a week, the order was cancelled. At present, the COVID-19 epidemic is spreading all over the world. Some countries have been hit in the fields of production and consumption, trade activities have decreased, and the downward pressure on the global economy has increased. International organizations and institutions have lowered their global economic and trade expectations. China’s enterprises resumed their work and production, but the outbreak of overseas epidemic caused foreign trade sales to shrink, orders to be cancelled and logistics to be blocked.

　　In the first two months of this year, the total export value of China’s goods trade was 2.04 trillion yuan, down 15.9% compared with the same period last year. "With the further spread of the international epidemic, the situation of foreign trade import and export may further deteriorate, and it is necessary to make early preparations." Xin Guobin, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said recently.

　　How to stabilize foreign trade, ensure enterprises’ employment and maintain the global industrial chain, is it to change products, export to domestic demand, change the foreign trade survival format, seize the opportunity period of overseas e-commerce, or carry out a deeper industry transformation? Foreign trade enterprises are in action.

1. Changing products: Foreign trade enterprises actively seek business opportunities and "outlets"

　　[case]

　　From doing foreign trade auto parts business to exporting health products — — Cheng Guosheng is a businessman who is engaged in foreign trade auto parts. Before the Spring Festival, the company received a lot of orders, which were originally intended to be sent out after the Spring Festival, but because of the epidemic, customers had to be informed that the delivery time was extended. Later, the United States, Spain, Germany and other countries and regions broke out, stores closed, and many orders were cancelled, which was greatly affected. By chance, he pushed a batch of yoga mats to American dealers, and they were quickly bought, which opened up the train of thought for Cheng Guosheng.

　　Going upstream and looking for new business opportunities in a cruel environment is the key to the "phoenix nirvana" of enterprises. At present, the wind outlet is far more than protective equipment such as masks, disinfectant and medical supplies. Sales of all kinds of food, shampoo, toothpaste, soap, shower gel and other necessities are on the rise, and sales of small household appliances such as coffee machines, ironing machines, small ovens and even pajamas are also increasing substantially.

　　"In the context of the global spread of the epidemic, the service trade and products involving the flow of people and foreign trade enterprises subject to orders and logistics have been greatly impacted. The state has introduced some support measures to stabilize foreign trade. Foreign trade enterprises should make good use of national policies to keep themselves alive, but it is impossible for all enterprises to count on the state. To shrink the goal, hardcore users should maintain good relationships and open up new fields at home and abroad. " Bai Ming, deputy director of the International Market Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, pointed out.

　　Bai Ming emphasized that the current global supply chain and industrial chain are facing a lockout, and the root cause is the epidemic. However, in the early stage, the supply side of China, as the world’s largest manufacturing country, was broken. At present, China has overcome difficulties and resumed production, but there are problems at both ends of the supply chain. On the one hand, some upstream raw materials cannot be bought; On the other hand, there is a problem with the demand and the order is gone. It is difficult to resume production after returning to work, and enterprises should "guarantee channels outside and ensure production capacity inside". In fact, the "external insurance channel" is to do everything possible to keep the customer relationship, and never disconnect. As long as the channels are maintained, enterprises can temporarily make profits.

　　From Cheng Guosheng’s case, we can also see that the "external insurance channel" is very important. He originally predicted that the epidemic would last for 3-4 months. In addition to giving customers confidence, he should also do a good job in customer follow-up marketing. Therefore, when new market opportunities appear, it is not enough to just use the original dealers. We must find ways to get through this vacuum period. During his isolation at home, Cheng Guosheng bought a lot of fitness equipment. Seeing that foreign countries were in the outbreak period, he pushed the information of the goods to the dealers. Soon, American manufacturers will take all these goods away.

　　Not only overseas medical materials urgently needed to fight the epidemic, but also export enterprises such as indoor entertainment construction, maternal and child toys and pet supplies have seen a surge in orders, and some orders have even been placed in June. People who value health will buy indoor sporting goods, while eating out less will increase the demand for kitchen supplies, and school suspension will increase the demand for parent-child interactive entertainment supplies … … Enterprises seize business opportunities and use the original trade channels and resources, which has great potential for demand growth.

　　China has all the industrial categories in the United Nations industrial classification, and the output of more than 200 products ranks first in the world. The key to the competitiveness of China manufacturing lies in the fact that these industries have great productivity advantages, complete industrial chains, complete supporting facilities and innovative potential. As long as the production capacity is there, China enterprises will have the opportunity to turn over a new leaf.

　　In order to minimize the impact of the epidemic and stabilize the basic market of foreign trade and foreign investment, the China Municipal Government has launched a set of "combination boxing", and relevant departments have coordinated to solve the problems of epidemic prevention, employment, energy and upstream and downstream support. In terms of alleviating the financial pressure, we will promote the introduction of tax incentives, financial interest subsidies, financing support, rent reduction and other measures, expand the supply of foreign trade credit, promote a reasonable decline in rates, "transfusion" and "stop loss" for enterprises, reduce the burden on enterprises, and alleviate urgent needs. In terms of strengthening enterprise services, increase legal aid and information services, assist in issuing "force majeure facts", and reduce the risk of performance; Urge the countries concerned to lift unnecessary trade restrictions as soon as possible.

　　Bai Ming believes that "internal production capacity" should not only keep foreign trade channels as much as possible, but also regard the domestic market as the China branch of the global market. In the era of economic globalization, China’s market opening is not only open to foreign enterprises, but also to domestic enterprises. At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the domestic market and reduce the obstacles for domestic enterprises to develop in China. Enterprises in China should make good use of the China branch in the global market, so that enterprises can stay in the green hills. Although enterprises may not have enough to eat or even eat well, as long as they survive, once the epidemic has passed, they will have the opportunity to resume growth.

2. Transformation mode: New foreign trade formats and new modes release potential and kinetic energy.

　　[case]

　　Over the past two months, Lai Yongle, the head of Dalian Zhuzhou International Trade Co., Ltd., a cross-border e-commerce, has been paying attention to the adjustment and changes of trade policies, entry and exit policies, shipping and airline policies of various countries every day. Fortunately, I came to Yongle to prepare as many goods as possible and arranged overseas warehouses in advance. In addition to storing more goods in the warehouse, Lai Yongle is still thinking about long-term planning.

　　The the State Council executive meeting held on April 7th decided that the 127th Canton Fair would be held online in the middle and late June. Merchants at home and abroad are invited to display their products online, and advanced information technology is used to provide all-weather online promotion, supply and mining docking, online negotiation and other services to create an online foreign trade platform for high-quality featured goods.

　　For the first time, the oldest trade event in China was held entirely in the form of network, which released a clear signal: at present, the COVID-19 epidemic is spreading all over the world, and the situation is grim. To hedge the impact of the epidemic, we should maximize the benefits of the Internet, so that cloud computing, big data and industrial Internet of Things can better promote the high-quality development of trade.

　　The the State Council executive meeting also decided to set up 46 new cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones on the basis of 59 already established ones. Give greater play to the unique advantages of cross-border e-commerce and help foreign trade overcome difficulties with new formats. At the same time, we will promote a series of support policies to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce, study the inclusion of cities where qualified comprehensive test zones are located in the pilot scope of cross-border e-commerce retail import, and support enterprises to jointly build and share overseas warehouses.

　　Bai Ming analyzed that new foreign trade modes and formats such as "online Canton Fair" and cross-border e-commerce have overcome the problem that customers can’t do business without meeting in the past. With the support of new technology, the demonstration of product performance can also be realized online. Through the online professional demonstration platform, the dilemma of insufficient offline communication caused by the epidemic situation is greatly compensated. E-commerce is different from the transportation of bulk commodities, so it can be assembled and transported, and freight airlines that specialize in serving e-commerce should also keep up.

　　After this epidemic, the popularity of e-commerce in the world is widely recognized, and foreign trade enterprises can also take this opportunity to transform online.

　　Li Xinggan, director of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, recently pointed out that it is necessary to encourage innovation and development, give play to the role of new trade formats and models such as cross-border e-commerce market procurement in promoting import and export trade, support enterprises to build a number of high-quality overseas warehouses, and improve the construction of China’s foreign trade international marketing network system.

　　Recently, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other major foreign trade provinces have introduced measures to "promote the steady growth of foreign trade", including increasing support for cross-border e-commerce export logistics and warehousing.

　　Taking Guangzhou Nansha Free Trade Zone as an example, Nansha Customs has introduced 13 facilitation measures to support enterprises to carry out business. In terms of facilitating customs clearance of cross-border e-commerce, the customs relies on the information system of customs supervision of cross-border e-commerce, and superimposes measures such as "joint guarantee of the same trade", "release tax first, collect payment", "centralized package construction and direct delivery" and "intelligent laboratory release at the bayonet" to promote district circulation and self-transportation of enterprises.

　　The new mode of foreign trade brings about the change of thinking mode. Compared with offline sales, online sales put forward higher requirements for the team’s operational efficiency, order circulation speed and product update frequency. During the epidemic, many shops used epidemic prevention items as explosions, which led to the sales of other products. At the same time, I built my own cross-border e-commerce team. Due to the small scale of online orders, it will also force the innovation of freight transportation, and the way of freight LCL will become more popular. The epidemic has also made many foreign trade enterprises think more about their operations, such as realizing the importance of arranging overseas warehouses.

3, transformation ideas: relying on stable quality of the brand made in China.

　　[case]

　　"Some of my customers are Japanese and some are from Europe. The Japanese customer’s order factory can do it for 6 months, and the European customer’s orders are basically cancelled. Because of insufficient orders, the factory currently works five days a week to ensure basic profits by paying close attention to production efficiency. " Li Yongchun, who owns a medium-sized foreign trade garment processing enterprise, has been engaged in this industry for more than 20 years. Because of excellent product quality and good corporate reputation, his enterprise has always had stable overseas customers. Under the impact of the epidemic, many things have changed.

　　"Some enterprises around me have been overwhelmed, closed down or temporarily closed down, and some have closed domestic factories and transferred production to Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam. For me, I have to find orders from other domestic companies to maintain the operation of the factory from June to August. At present, I have put on record the production of medical protective clothing and consider going to the mask production line. This year, many companies switched to protective clothing and masks. " Li Yongchun told reporters.

　　GAP cancelled 30% of summer orders; H&M suspended all new orders from March 11th to 20th; Zara directly canceled the summer order … … Foreign trade processing fields such as shoes, hats and clothing have been greatly affected. With the large-scale order reduction of some brands, many foreign trade enterprises have been unable to survive this "cold winter". According to the enterprise information query platform, from February 1 to April 1, the number of import and export foreign trade enterprises cancelled or revoked nationwide has reached 12396.

　　"What I am most worried about is not that there are no orders in the short term, but that enterprises will be squeezed out of the global industrial chain after the epidemic. The difficulties during this period also made me realize that I must be an independent brand. Just use this time to adjust and optimize operations, warehousing systems, marketing channels and other aspects. " Li Yongchun said.

　　This is also the most anxious thing for Bai Ming at the moment. "The temporary lack of orders is not the most terrible thing. Sooner or later, there will be orders, and I am afraid that the customer relationship will be lost."

　　Liu Yu, the second-level inspector of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said recently that the Ministry of Commerce will continue to take effective measures to consolidate the traditional advantages of foreign trade, vigorously cultivate new advantages in foreign trade competition with technology, quality, brand and service as the core, cultivate a group of large enterprises with competitive advantages in the world and a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises with vitality, innovation, high degree of specialization and strong cooperation ability, cultivate a group of international marketing networks with strong market penetration, cultivate a group of trade platforms with high international reputation and great influence, and cultivate a group of enterprises with strong cooperation ability.

　　Bai Ming pointed out that from the development trend, China has more voice in global governance in recent years. By promoting the construction of the Belt and Road, China has promoted the reform of the global governance system. Our enterprises should provide better and competitive products for domestic and international markets.

Text | Zhenxin Editorial Department Li Xiaonan

Editor | Yang Zhenxin

In late September, 2020, a user of "Anti-pressure Back Pot" of Million Bar told a story in his post that his mother sold her house to raise money because she couldn’t afford the bride price, and her sister who went to high school was not distressed, but also excitedly told the landlord "Brother, our family has money" on WeChat. The post quickly formed a high popularity in the bar, and the screenshots in the article were widely spread in major platforms. Countless netizens were moved and called "broken defense".

This is Baidu Post Bar’s latest outing, and the Chinese Internet has once again seen the powerful cultural creation and communication power of this ancient behemoth in the online community.

But many years ago, the post bar didn’t need this kind of broken circle, it was the biggest circle itself. At that time, half of the online buzzwords came from post bars every year, and their monthly activities accounted for half of the total number of netizens. Time has passed, and the king of the PC era has gradually declined in the era of mobile Internet. The reason is the evolution of the environment and the limitations of the product itself, but more is the blind pursuit and evil thoughts of the product leaders.

Now, it’s old, can you still eat?

The pinnacle of grassroots culture

On December 3, 2003, Baidu Post Bar was officially launched. Some people said that it was inspired by Li Yanhong’s idea of "building an online interest exchange platform with search engines". Others said that when Jun Yu searched the logs, he found that many users were searching for the same keyword, so he conceived to aggregate these people into an interest community.

As soon as it went online, Post Bar became popular because of its simple interface, low speech threshold and unique product form. At that time, Baidu’s main business was search engine, but search only grabbed and presented the existing information on the Internet, but it could not create content itself. The appearance of Post Bar made Baidu have the ability to produce its own content, which made up for the lack of Internet content at that time, and its proportion in Baidu traffic quickly increased from 1% to 11% later.

In 2004, the player Li Yi became popular because of the phrase "I protect the ball like Henry", and was called "Li Yi the Great". Li Yi Bar, the largest bar in Baidu Post Bar named after him, was also established. Later, due to Li Yi’s flamboyant style, more and more black powder poured into Li Yi Bar, and a unique "connotation" culture was formed, that is, various PS pictures, jokes and pranks were used to express their views on social current affairs.

The real rise of Post Bar was in 2005, when the phenomenal talent show "Super Girl" exploded, and fans began to hold a group discussion in their idol bars after the show was broadcast. At that time, there was no Weibo, and fans who had nowhere to go poured into Post Bar, which formed a huge flow. At the beginning of 2005, the number of users of Post Bar exceeded 10 million, and at the end of the year it soared to 30 million, surpassing Sina to become the largest Chinese website in the world.

On June 21st, 2007, a conflict broke out between Li Yi Bar and Chris Lee Bar. A large number of users of Li Yi Bar rushed into Chris Lee Bar to brush posts crazily, which caused Chris Lee Bar to explode more than 2,000 pages of meaningless content, making it paralyzed for a time. In the end, Chris Lee Bar suspended posting, and several bar owners members of Li Yi Bar were withdrawn. This is the first "expedition" of "Diba" and the first explosion in the history of Post Bar.

In the next few years, Li Yiba organized several "expeditions", but unlike the first "fighting" in the circle, most of the later explosions were just. For example, in August 2007, Rainie Yang Bar was exploded because Rainie Yang was suspected of insulting China and Nanjing Massacre martyrs. In May, 2008, some dance troupe players insulted the victims of Wenchuan earthquake, and the dance troupe bar was exploded.

From 2004 to 2010, the post bar at this stage was at its peak, and a large number of netizens from grass roots gathered in different post bars with their interests, producing numerous high-quality posts and settling them down, hence the name "Louvre on the Chinese Internet".

At this time, the post bar is the representative of the grassroots culture of the Internet. In this highly decentralized community where everyone is equal without hierarchy, countless lonely souls have found a sense of belonging. Bar friends are highly creative and enthusiastic, and these online buzzwords, such as diaosi, baifumei, Xi Da Pu Ben, Pipi Shrimp Let’s Go and Ignorance, are all born out of post bar culture.

Li Yanhong once said in an interview: "We just want to do our own thing in a down-to-earth manner and build Baidu into a place that can bring a sense of belonging to netizens." At this time, the post bar was really done.

When the giant slowly falls

No one thought that the infinitely brilliant post bar in the PC era would be "dead" in the era of mobile Internet.

In 2009, "God of Products", Baidu Post Bar and Jun Yu, the father of Baidu Know, left Baidu. In 2010, when Google left China, Baidu quickly ate Google’s market share, and a year later, its market value surpassed Tencent to become the top Internet company in China. Baidu, which has fallen into unprecedented loneliness, urgently needs to tell a new growth story, so it internally puts forward a long-term strategic goal of reaching 100 billion revenue within ten years.

After this strategic goal was put forward, it was widely valued by high-level and investors, and the long-term goal was continuously subdivided into KPI and distributed to various departments. At that time, Post Bar was a typical "traffic, no revenue", coupled with the high server cost due to high user volume and high activity, Baidu hoped that Post Bar could bear more responsibility for growth, and even put forward the slogan "How can it become an independent business unit without revenue?" Everything was in line with KPI. Post bar has thus embarked on its decline.

In the fourth quarter of 2011, the new version of Post Bar was released for public beta, and the bar owners audit system was cancelled when it was originally added to Post Bar, and it became click attention; At the same time, the hierarchy and experience system are introduced, and users can increase their experience value by logging in, posting, replying and other operations, so as to improve the level of posting.

A series of revisions have greatly improved the number and activity of users. However, the product logic of Post Bar is very unique: unlike today’s content products that use subscription system and recommendation algorithm to achieve the effect of "thousands of people and thousands of faces", the post bar pages are sorted according to the latest reply time of posts. Different users enter the same post at the same time and see the same content, which makes the post bar very public, and some stalks are very easy to form explosive points, resulting in great influence and even out of the circle.

However, this model also causes crowding and competition among contents. When many users start posting meaningless posts and pictures for experience, the content quality of the post bar will also decline.

In 2012, with the popularity of mobile Internet, Post Bar officially started its "self-destructive commercialization" process. Baidu requires bar owners, who has no salary, to bear the KPI of user growth and activity, and not to be dismissed or airborne in bar owners; In September, it was officially launched to promote the Post Bar, namely, the advertisement of the headline, the advertisement of the topic list page and the advertisement of the electronic details page. However, the excessive force led to too many advertisements on the page, which further reduced the visibility of the page. Since then, the content quality of Post Bar has been declining, but the overall afterglow still exists. In 2012, the number of netizens in China was 564 million, and the monthly activity of Post Bar was 200 million, accounting for more than one third.

In 2015, Baidu found that the commercialization attempts in recent years did not change the loss situation of Post Bar, so it finally made the worst decision in the history of Post Bar and even Chinese Internet: sell it.

An insider of Baidu once said when recalling this period of history: "Then, some people began to focus on the authority of bar owners. At first, there was a fierce internal argument, saying that this thing could not be sold, but the final outcome was known to everyone. Anyway, there are many internal objections, but let’s take advantage of the word. "

In March 2015, the infamous Baidu partner system was launched. When a merchant becomes a partner of Post Bar, he can have all the rights of bar owners, such as deleting posts, monitoring public opinion and initiating activities in the bar.

Baidu chose the former between interests and morality, which also brought bad consequences to society and Post Bar itself. In January, 2016, the news that "Hemophilia Bar" was sold gradually spread. The original bar owners was removed, and the airborne bar owners paid for the right to operate. A place where patients gathered for warmth for nearly ten years became a victim of over-commercialization. Later, netizens found that many medical-related post bars were sold by Baidu. Coupled with the Wei Zexi incident that occurred in the same year, the public image of Baidu and Post Bar plummeted and has not recovered yet. The Baidu partner system was also cancelled after the incident.

A series of events in 2016 marked the decline of Baidu and Post Bar, and since then Post Bar has never recovered. Later, with the admission of the regulatory authorities, Post Bar strengthened its internal audit management. In 2019, Post Bar officially banned all posts before 2017 on the grounds of "data system upgrade", and some of them were unsealed after a period of time, but some early posts that had settled down were deleted.

In March 2015, an organization gave data: the user activity of Post Bar is 1.8 times that of Weibo, and the number of monthly users is 300 million, exceeding Twitter; By February 2019, its monthly activity was only 46.08 million. One year later, this figure became 37.43 million, ranking 101 on the APP list. Post Bar completely lost its former glory.

Does Baidu still have a choice?

The direct reason for the decline of Post Bar lies in its extremely failed commercialization, but the root cause of commercialization failure is not only the deviation of Baidu’s values, but also the limitations of Post Bar itself. To be precise, the product form of Post Bar determines that it must face many difficulties in the process of commercialization.

There are two types of social interaction, one based on "relationship" and the other based on "theme". The core of the former lies in the construction of interpersonal relationship, and WeChat and Momo are typical products. The core of the latter is to gather a group of people who are interested in this topic by relying on the "theme", so as to generate communication and form interpersonal relationships. Post Bar is the leader of this kind of products.

When the recommendation algorithm continues to push the highly homogeneous information flow named "thousands of people and thousands of faces", Post Bar is truly "interest-centered". Any niche hobby can find its own gathering place and partner in Post Bar, and most users in the bar have a certain understanding of the theme, so it is very easy for anyone to get informative feedback when speaking in the bar. This product mechanism makes Post Bar have extremely strong content creation ability and high activity, and at the same time, it also produces a culture of absolute equality and high decentralization.

However, although this cultural atmosphere is conducive to content production, it is not conducive to product commercialization. Because a high degree of equality and decentralization means scattered traffic, it is difficult for KOL and professional content creators to stand out from ordinary users and get a lot of attention. Weibo, bilibili, Xiaohongshu and other content communities have a group of "big V" who rely on their own content to attract fans, and finally turn it into cash and undertake the commercialization function of the community. Advertisers and brands can easily carry out marketing activities by relying on them.

However, in Post Bar, high-level users and bar managers do not have much higher traffic and trust value than ordinary users. Coupled with the unique sorting mechanism by response time, brands and advertisers can hardly find a "central node" that can directly reach a large number of target users or provide trust endorsement.

Even if a commercial promotion post is specially opened, it is difficult to attract traffic and heat, and it will soon be buried in the information flow. What’s more, there are a large number of knowledgeable users in the bar, and they can see at a glance whether the promoted products are good or not. It is not a problem to spray inferior products for hundreds of floors in minutes. All these make the commercialization of Post Bar extremely difficult.

But does Baidu really have no choice?

The difficulty in realizing the content community has always been a long-standing problem in the Internet field. The unique product mechanism and community atmosphere of Post Bar make it more difficult to commercialize than ordinary content products by several factors, but does Baidu have no other choice but to sell it? I’m afraid not.

First of all, the traffic of Post Bar itself is large enough, and the aggregation logic based on interest also makes many Post Bar have a very active second-hand trading market. Baidu may refer to the model of Aauto Quicker and salted fish to establish an official trading platform to draw as the income base; Or social interest itself has a lot of imagination. When major dating apps are racking their brains to match users with the same interests, Post Bar has long had a unique advantage in this respect.

Furthermore, even if Post Bar is really unprofitable, it is of great strategic significance to Baidu. If Post Bar is not dead, Baidu will have a traffic treasure on a par with Weibo and bilibili, which will have a great synergy with other businesses, at the very least, it will not create a "hundred number" that it can’t afford.

Selling it is the last choice, because in the long run, the negative effect of selling it is far greater than the positive significance.

The current post bar is in a very embarrassing situation-it is a product with hope but no future.

Although the Post Bar has declined, the skinny camel is bigger than the horse. It still has a monthly life of tens of millions, a large number of high-quality content and old users scattered in every corner of the Internet. The incident of "Our family is rich" also proves that its powerful stalk-making ability is still there. If we can make some innovations, it may not be hopeless.

However, Post Bar, which hasn’t brought much revenue, has become a marginal business in all in AI and Baidu with smart cars. It doesn’t have much resources to make changes related to the underlying architecture, and it can only be like an old warrior. He died slowly and painfully in the corner alone.

The history of the rise and fall of Baidu Post Bar is worthy of reflection by all content platforms, to think about how to find a balance between user experience, content quality and commercialization, to understand the social responsibility that C-end products must bear due to their natural social attributes, and to reflect on the disastrous consequences when KPI becomes the only goal.

In 2016, an insider of Baidu once said after the hemophilia bar incident: "It’s not too late for Baidu to mend today, and even posting it is not necessarily a bad thing for Baidu. Tencent in that year was also openly written on the cover by an Internet magazine, which led to later reflection and Tencent’s open platform, and today’s Tencent."

It’s not too late to mend after it’s too late, but it depends on whether Baidu cares about the life or death of that sheep.

* References:

"A vivid history of the decline of post bars", nine commandments of pigs

Why has Baidu Post Bar become a "hidden corner" of the Internet? ",Leng Sizhen

"In addition to straight men, who still misses the post bar? ",alphabetical list

You don’t know the development history of "Post Bar", Lan Xi.

Listening to insiders reveal the realization of Baidu Post Bar, three lessons.

　　In the spring of 2023, the two national conferences will be held soon, and the world’s eyes will focus on China — —

　　At this moment, the pace of China’s economic stabilization and recovery is accelerating. All localities and departments are working hard, and people’s confidence in economic development is more firm.

　　This confidence stems from the blueprint, and the convening of the party’s 20 th National Congress of Victory blew the horn of the times for a new journey of endeavor;

　　This confidence comes from the mainstay. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country are United and forge ahead, and China’s economic ship is sailing forward through the wind and waves.

　　On the eve of the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress, Xinhua News Agency interviewed the deputies to the new National People’s Congress and Committee member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and felt the confidence of China’s economic development from ten dimensions.

　　Super-large-scale market: great potential

　　With the arrival of the last batch of Chilean cherries "charter boat" this year, Dalian Port’s direct flight to South America "Cherry Express" recently closed, and the cumulative import volume increased by 1.5 times year-on-year.

　　In Chile, 20,000 kilometers away, the planting area of cherries has increased by about four times since 2011, and 90% of the output has been exported to China. In order to sell more cherries to China, some people began to plant them near Patagonia Plateau, while others sought opportunities in the northern desert.

　　Small cherries are a microcosm of China’s big market affecting the domestic and international double cycle.

　　With a population of over 1.4 billion and a middle-income group of over 400 million, by 2030, the cumulative import volume of commodities is expected to exceed 22 trillion US dollars, and China is undoubtedly the largest market with the greatest potential in the world. The middle-income group will exceed 800 million in the next 15 years, which will promote the continuous development of the ultra-large-scale market.

　　In 2022, under the severe impact of the epidemic, China remained the second largest consumer market and the largest online retail market in the world with the total retail sales of social consumer goods of 44 trillion yuan, and became the second largest import market in the world for the 14th consecutive year.

　　"Every 1% increase in household consumption can drive GDP growth by about 0.5 percentage points." Deputy Huang Maoxing, vice president of Fujian Academy of Social Sciences, prepared relevant suggestions, proposing to expand domestic demand from accelerating consumption upgrading and cultivating new growth poles of regional consumption.

　　"Promoting economic recovery and sustained and healthy development mainly depends on consumption, so that consumption can be restored as soon as possible to become the main driving force for economic growth." Deputy Xu Hongcai, Vice Minister of Finance, said that China will enhance consumer confidence and release consumption potential from three aspects: increasing residents’ income through multiple channels, increasing the supply of marketable goods, and promoting smooth sales channels and logistics.

　　At the end of 2022, the Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022-2035) issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council was released, which defined the medium-and long-term goals, accelerated the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, promoted the formation of a strong domestic market, and supported the smooth domestic economic cycle.

　　Member Bai Zhongen, Dean of Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management, said that a strong domestic market is an important support for China’s economic growth potential. Growing investment and consumer demand provide fertile ground for innovation and promote industrial upgrading.

　　Made in a big country: lay a solid foundation for high-quality development

　　The international market share of China shipbuilding industry remains the first in the world!

　　In 2022, China’s shipbuilding completion, new orders received and hand-held orders accounted for 47.3%, 55.2% and 49% of the global total, respectively. Among them, 12 new orders for ship types rank first in the world.

　　The real economy is an important pillar of the country’s prosperity. The deeper the foundation, the more solid the pace of development.

　　China is the only country in the world with all the industrial categories in the United Nations industrial classification, and the output of more than 220 industrial products ranks first in the world. In 2022, the total industrial added value exceeded 40 trillion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of GDP.

　　Deputy Zhang Li, president of China Electronic Information Industry Development Research Institute, said that China has basically formed a manufacturing system with large scale, complete system and strong competitiveness, which has forged hard strength for China’s economy to cope with risk challenges.

　　At present, the global industrial structure and layout are deeply adjusted to create a complete and resilient industrial chain supply chain. China regards the construction of a modern industrial system as the most critical "winner".

　　At the beginning of the new year, the export of new energy vehicles maintained a strong momentum. "Relying on the support of the complete supply chain industry chain, China’s new energy vehicles continue to seize opportunities and become a new advantage in China’s economic competition under economic pressure." Committee member Zhang Xinghai, Chairman of Sailisi Group, said.

　　Focus on cultivating and expanding emerging industries, and constantly enrich and expand new application scenarios in key areas such as artificial intelligence and intelligent networked vehicles; In order to upgrade traditional industries, vigorously promote technological transformation and equipment renewal; Focus on strengthening advantageous industries and consolidate and enhance the advantages of the whole industrial chain … … Power conversion is taking a solid step.

　　In 2022, China’s integrated circuit industry sales exceeded one trillion yuan, with a compound growth rate of 19% in the past decade.

　　Deputy Jiang Bin, chairman of Goer Co., Ltd. said that the industrial base is the foundation for the development of manufacturing industry. At present, it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of new national system and super-large-scale market, effectively solve the technical problem of "sticking neck" and continuously improve the core competitiveness of manufacturing industry.

　　After decades of hard work in the field of medical devices, Zhang Haijun, the chairman of Shandong Baiduoan Medical Devices Co., Ltd., knows the importance of core technologies: "We are speeding up the intervention in key technologies such as medicine, and only by taking the road of specialization and innovation can we become high-end devices ‘ Made in China ’ Contribute. "

　　Great Power Project: Tamping the Chassis of Modernization

　　The progress bar of engineering construction in big countries is constantly refreshed — —

　　The first starting project of the follow-up project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project — — The project of diverting water from the Yangtze River to fill the Han River officially entered the construction stage of the main tunnel;

　　The East-West Computing Project has been fully launched for one year, and the pattern of a national computing power network and a game of chess coordinated by East and West has been accelerated … …

　　A modern country must have a modern infrastructure system.

　　On April 26th, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the 11th meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, studied the issue of comprehensively strengthening infrastructure construction, and proposed to build a modern infrastructure system to lay a solid foundation for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　"From the perspective of per capita infrastructure capital stock, China is only 20% to 30% of developed countries, and the demand for infrastructure construction is still very large." Zhao Chenxi, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said.

　　Infrastructure construction has obvious "multiplier effect", and an infrastructure investment can bring several times the total social demand and national income.

　　Looking back on the extraordinary ten years, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was completed and opened to traffic, the Baihetan Hydropower Station was put into operation in an all-round way, and the world’s largest network of charging facilities was built. The expressway mileage is 177,000 kilometers, the high-speed rail mileage is 42,000 kilometers, the world’s top ten super ports have seven seats, and there are 254 civil certification airports. The world’s largest optical fiber network has been built, and more than 2.3 million 5G base stations have been built and opened … … A number of major infrastructure facilities have been built, becoming pioneers in modernization.

　　Member Huang Qunhui, director of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that new infrastructure is the infrastructure supporting new industrialization, new urbanization and modern economic system. Promoting the construction of new infrastructure is conducive to supporting economic growth, promoting economic upgrading and improving the quality and level of economic cycle.

　　During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China will accelerate the large-scale deployment of 5G networks, and the user penetration rate will increase to 56%; Build a modern comprehensive transportation system and add more than 30 civil transportation airports; Promote the energy revolution, and the proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption will increase to about 20%; Implement flood control and upgrading projects, strengthen the protection and restoration of water conservation areas, and promote the construction of the follow-up project of the East Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project … …

　　"Accelerate the construction of a modern infrastructure system and lay a solid foundation for the sustained and healthy economic and social development of China." Member Wang Tongzhou, Chairman of China Communications Group, said.

　　Hundreds of millions of market players: gathering and developing powerful kinetic energy

　　After returning to the expansion range in January, the manufacturing purchasing managers index continued to rise in February; In January, the new credit was 4.9 trillion yuan, a record high in a single month; The development index of small and medium-sized enterprises has stopped falling and rebounded … …

　　Since the beginning of the year, with the epidemic prevention and control entering a new stage, market confidence has accelerated and the vitality of various market players has been gradually released.

　　"The market is picking up. We must speed up the integration and optimization of the local agricultural product industry chain and bring more and better agricultural products to the market." Deputy Huang Xiufen, Chairman of Guangdong Yabei Agricultural Products Co., Ltd. said.

　　Statistics from the General Administration of Market Supervision show that as of January 2023, there were 170 million market players in China, including 114 million registered individual industrial and commercial households nationwide, accounting for about two-thirds of the total market players and driving nearly 300 million people to obtain employment.

　　China is continuing to optimize the business environment, increase relief efforts, and help small and medium-sized enterprises to grow steadily, adjust their structure and strengthen their capabilities; Build a high-level socialist market economic system, improve the basic systems of market economy such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition and social credit, and earnestly implement the "two unshakable" … …

　　Zhang Junkuo, former deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said that the business environment should be continuously optimized so that various market players can not only seize opportunities, but also turn crises into opportunities and achieve better development.

　　The key to promoting the overall economic operation is to strengthen innovation.

　　According to the preliminary calculation of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2022, the investment in R&D in China broke the 3 trillion yuan mark for the first time. Enterprise R&D investment accounts for more than 75% of the total social R&D investment. By the end of 2022, there were 355,000 domestic enterprises with valid invention patents, and 2.324 million were valid invention patents, a year-on-year increase of 21.8%.

　　"Change and innovation, every wall is a door." After nearly 40 years of entrepreneurship, we have developed a small family workshop-style factory into an international company with revenue exceeding 100 billion yuan. Member Nan Cunhui, chairman of Zhengtai Group, was deeply touched. "As a private entrepreneur, we should carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit, constantly enhance the sense of responsibility and mission of entrepreneurship, innovation and creation, and strive hard to build a new development pattern in the new era."

　　From "Demographic Dividend" to "Talent Dividend": Providing Key Support for Modernization

　　Before going to Beijing to attend the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, Yang Denghui, a deputy to the National People’s Congress after 1995 and a teacher of Guangdong College of Mechanical Technicians, was still taking the time to coach the students: "The key to modernization lies in people. In addition to scientific research talents, it also needs a large number of highly skilled talents to support it, and it is necessary to increase investment in technical education and personnel training. "

　　"The labor force factor is the key factor that determines the long-term trend of the economy. It refers to the number of people who have labor skills and can participate in social and economic activities. Its potential depends on health and education. These two conditions are available in China." Li Daokui, a professor at Tsinghua University, thinks.

　　From the perspective of talent scale — — China has a working-age population of 880 million, exceeding the total working-age population of all developed countries in the world; With a total of 220 million people, it is the largest and most complete talent resource country in the world, and the total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world.

　　From the perspective of talent quality — — The average age of China’s population is 38.8 years old, the population receiving higher education reaches 240 million, and the average years of education of the newly added labor force reaches 13.8 years. Every year, hundreds of millions of employees receive diversified training, and the quality structure of the labor force has undergone major changes.

　　From the perspective of talent efficiency — — China ranks first in the world in the number of SCI papers published and the effective amount of invention patents. The number of highly cited papers continues to climb to the second place in the world.

　　"The contribution of a scientific and technological innovation talent to economic and social development is more than four times that of the general labor force on average. Talent competition has become one of the core elements of comprehensive national strength competition. " Sun Rui, a researcher at China Institute of Personnel Science, said.

　　China is in a critical period from "Made in China" to "Created in China", from relying on a large number of low-cost labor inputs to technical factors to promote economic growth.

　　"Improve the quality of personnel training in an all-round way and strive to bring up top-notch innovative talents, ‘ Demographic dividend ’ Will be upgraded to ‘ Talent bonus ’ It will provide lasting impetus for China’s economy to maintain medium and high-speed growth and achieve high-quality development. " Sun Rui said.

　　Self-reliance and Self-improvement in Science and Technology: Seeking a New Competitive Advantage for Powerful Countries

　　In the past three years, China CNOOC Hainan Branch Lingshui — Representatives of Lei Yafei, a senior engineer of Yacheng Operation Company, are all accompanying the "Deep Sea No.1" gas field. "In the process of construction, we will concentrate on tackling key problems, initially build a complete set of deep-water gas field operation and maintenance system, and propose three world-class innovations and 13 domestic pioneering technologies." Deputy Lei Yafei said.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has adhered to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of modernization, driven development by innovation, and comprehensively shaped new development advantages.

　　In 2022, China’s ranking in the global innovation index rose to the 11th place, which has been steadily improving for ten consecutive years; 21 regions have entered the top 100 global science and technology clusters.

　　Bloomberg commented that China has been focusing on achieving higher quality growth through technological innovation and industrial upgrading in recent ten years, and these high-tech fields are creating more and higher value for China’s economy.

　　According to the Party’s deployment in Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the ability of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology will be significantly improved in the next five years. By 2035, we will achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and enter the forefront of innovative countries.

　　To win the first opportunity and advantage, we must seize the powerful engine of innovation.

　　On February 21st, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader held the third collective study on strengthening basic research in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, he stressed that party committees and governments at all levels should put strengthening basic research on the important agenda of scientific and technological work, strengthen overall coordination, increase policy support, and promote the high-quality development of basic research.

　　The data shows that in 2022, the proportion of basic research funds to R&D funds in China is 6.32%, which has been stable above 6% for four consecutive years.

　　The construction of national laboratories and the reorganization of national key laboratories were accelerated, and the construction of basic discipline research center was started … … Provide inexhaustible kinetic energy for consolidating the foundation of self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology.

　　At this year’s National People’s Congress, Sun Dongming, a researcher at the Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is going to put forward a proposal on opening up the "last mile" of the industrial chain of scientific and technological innovation: "Accelerate the process of localization and self-control of key core technologies and realize the integrated development of innovation chain, industrial chain and market chain."

　　Coordinated development of urban and rural areas: broadening new development space

　　In 2022, under the complicated and severe domestic and international situation, China’s economy pushed forward, and the high-quality development of regional economy played a key role.

　　The economic aggregate of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has exceeded 10 trillion yuan, the economic aggregate of nine cities in mainland Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has exceeded 10 trillion yuan, and the economic aggregate of three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta has exceeded 29 trillion yuan — — The economic aggregate of the three major urban agglomerations accounts for more than 40% of the national total, and it has become a veritable economic ballast stone, a high-quality development power source and a reform experimental field.

　　The vast urban and rural areas provide huge development space and room for maneuver for China’s economic development. In 2022, affected by unexpected factors such as epidemic situation, China’s economy grew by 3% year-on-year. Among the 10 provinces with GDP growth rate above 4%, the western provinces have 6 seats and the central provinces have 3 seats. While the eastern provinces have been slowed down by the impact of external demand, the central and western regions have played a key role in stabilizing and ensuring the chain and ensuring the security of food and energy supply.

　　Deputy Cai Jiming, director of Tsinghua University Political Economy Research Center, said that to solve the problem of insufficient development imbalance, an important aspect is to promote regional coordinated development and urban-rural integration development, and promote the free flow of resource elements between urban and rural areas and between regions, which will release huge potential and space for China’s economic development.

　　The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the regional integration development of the Yangtze River Delta, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has planned new ideas for regional coordinated development, opened up deep space for high-quality development with major regional strategies, promoted new urbanization with people as the core, comprehensively promoted rural revitalization and coordinated urban and rural development, and provided powerful impetus for China’s economy.

　　From 2012 to 2022, the urbanization rate of permanent residents in China increased from 53.1% to 65.22%, and the per capita disposable income ratio of urban and rural residents decreased from 2.88∶1 to 2.45∶1. The per capita disposable income ratio of residents in the eastern, northeastern, central and western regions decreased from 1.7, 1.29 and 1.1 in 2013 to 1.63, 1.11 and 1.07 in 2021 respectively.

　　Zhang Yan, director of the Fourth Research Department of the Supreme Leader’s Economic Thought Research Center, said that under the national "one chess game" layout, promoting different regions and regions to take the road of differentiated and high-quality development will provide a broad space for the construction of a new development pattern and a regional dynamic support with multi-gradient growth, diversified development and strong toughness.

　　Green water and green mountains: opening up a new realm of sustainable development

　　Incorporate the construction of ecological civilization into the overall layout of "Five in One", write "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" into the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and party constitution, and protect the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law … … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of beautiful China has been pushed forward continuously.

　　In the past 10 years, China has supported an average economic growth of 6.6% with an average annual growth rate of 3% in energy consumption, making it one of the countries with the fastest reduction in energy consumption intensity in the world. China has exceeded the target of reducing carbon emission intensity by 40% to 45% by 2020, and reduced carbon dioxide emissions by 5.8 billion tons, building the largest carbon market and clean power generation system in the world.

　　Strive to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, which is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee based on the situation and the national conditions, and a solemn commitment of China.

　　"Implement ‘ Double carbon ’ The goal and pressure challenge are enormous, but it will also promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. " Deputy Hong Hupeng, Mayor of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, said.

　　This is a revolutionary change in the mode of production.

　　In 2023, it is planned to invest 150 billion yuan, up 31.2% year-on-year, and the investment in new energy infrastructure accounts for 71% of the investment plan & hellip; … Talking about the company’s green development goal this year, Chairman Kong Ngai of china huadian is full of confidence: "Green investment will provide a strong impetus for high-quality development."

　　This is an all-round upgrade of lifestyle.

　　All-round conservation and recycling, the ancient wisdom of "harmony between man and nature" has given new vitality, and new science and technology, new lifestyles and new values have set off a new green upsurge. Hundreds of millions of people are beneficiaries of green development and builders of ecological civilization.

　　Constructing a new development pattern: grasping the initiative of development

　　On January 31, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized in the second collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee that accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is a strategic decision based on achieving the goal of the second century, overall development and security, and a strategic deployment to grasp the initiative of future development.

　　Based on oneself and self-reliance, this is the first move to judge the situation and grasp the initiative of development.

　　On February 10th, the No.5 test plane of domestic large aircraft C919 took off from Shanghai Pudong International Airport with full passengers to Ezhou, Hubei, Taiyuan, Shanxi and other places, and successfully completed the full passenger verification flight.

　　By the end of 2022, the global order for C919 has reached 1,035. Deputy Zhou Xinmin, vice chairman and general manager of China Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd. said that the strong domestic market provides strong support for the industrialization, scale and serialization of domestic aircraft. The development and operation of domestic commercial aircraft models such as C919 will promote the upgrading of China aviation manufacturing industry chain as a whole.

　　Demand pulls supply, and supply creates demand, smoothing the economic cycle and providing support for building a new development pattern.

　　According to the relevant deployment, China is accelerating the urbanization construction with the county as an important carrier, injecting new impetus into the strong domestic market; Construct a "four horizontal and five vertical, two along and ten corridors" logistics channel, and get through the blood circulation … …

　　"Better tap the potential of domestic demand, the development potential of domestic industrial chain supply chain and the potential of participating in leading international circulation, improve the ability of independent and controllable economic development, improve the quality and efficiency of domestic circulation, and enhance China’s position in international circulation." Member Wang Changlin, president of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said.

　　Opening up to the outside world at a high level is a key measure to shape new advantages in participating in international cooperation and competition.

　　In the first month of the new year, the actually used foreign capital in China was 127.69 billion yuan, up 14.5% year-on-year.

　　The construction of Hainan Free Trade Port has been accelerated, the implementation of the free trade pilot zone has been promoted, and all parties have continued to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law and international first-class business environment … …

　　Attract global resource elements with the domestic big cycle, steadily expand institutional openness such as rules, regulations, management and standards, accelerate the construction of a new open economic system at a higher level, and promote the smooth connection between domestic and international double cycles.

　　On January 25th, the United Nations predicted that China’s economic growth rate would reach 4.8% against the background that the world economic growth rate would drop to 1.9% in 2023. On January 30th, the International Monetary Fund sharply raised its economic growth forecast for China this year to 5.2%.

　　"The development of China is very likely to become the most important factor to promote global economic growth in 2023." Georgieva, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, said.

　　Deepening reform in an all-round way: transforming institutional advantages into governance efficiency

　　From February 26th to 28th, the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing. The plenary session deliberated and adopted the Plan for the Reform of Party and State Institutions.

　　Facing the new situation and new tasks, adjusting and optimizing the institutional setup and functional allocation of the party and the state will continue to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity and create a new situation of development with new achievements in reform.

　　Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China, a strong driving force to promote the development and progress of China for more than 40 years, and a source of vitality for the high-quality development of China.

　　After being re-elected as a deputy to the Fourth National People’s Congress and making suggestions for deepening the reform of the registration system for four consecutive years, Fan Yun, the chairman of Shanghai Fushen Evaluation Consulting Group, was deeply touched by the word reform: "The more severe and complicated the situation, the more we must unswervingly deepen the reform and use institutional advantages to deal with risk challenges."

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward that we should deepen reform and innovation, unswervingly expand opening-up, focus on breaking down deep-seated institutional and institutional obstacles, constantly highlight the institutional advantages of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, constantly enhance the motivation and vitality of socialist modernization, and better transform China’s institutional advantages into the effectiveness of state governance.

　　To start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century, the fundamental driving force is still to comprehensively deepen reform.

　　"Constantly break the blocking points and blocking points that block the economic cycle, and constantly boost the development confidence of various market players through reform." Member Decai Yang, director of the Institute of Private Economy of Nanjing University, said.

　　Only reformers advance, only innovators are strong, and only those who reform and innovate win.

　　At the beginning of the Year of the Rabbit, Shanghai, Hebei, Zhejiang and other places focused on optimizing the business environment, blocking points and breaking difficulties; Full implementation of the stock issuance registration system will open up a broader space for the development of the capital market … … The reform measures promoted one by one have accumulated new strength for the modernization journey.

　　On October 23, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out when meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists at the 20th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC): "After more than 40 years of unremitting efforts in reform and opening up, we have created two miracles: rapid economic development and long-term social stability. Now, China has strong economic resilience, sufficient potential and wide room for manoeuvre, and the long-term positive fundamentals will not change. "

　　The new journey is an expedition full of glory and dreams. Deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishments", resolutely implement "two maintenances", base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, promote high-quality development and solidly promote Chinese modernization, which is an inexhaustible source of China’s confidence.

　　Text reporters: An Bei, Jiang Lin, Fan Xi, Ruta, Zhang Xinxin.

　　The State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on the afternoon of January 8th to introduce the tenth edition of the prevention and control plan, and pay attention together!

—— The tenth edition of the prevention and control plan—

　　What adjustments have been made to the tenth edition of the prevention and control plan?

　　One isUpdated the name of the disease. Renaming "novel coronavirus" as "novel coronavirus Infection";

　　The second isStrengthen monitoring and early warning. Under normal conditions, virus variation monitoring, case report, sentinel hospital monitoring, unexplained pneumonia monitoring and urban sewage monitoring are mainly carried out. In case of emergency, increase nucleic acid and antigen detection and monitoring, fever clinic monitoring, monitoring of key institutions, etc.

　　The third isAdjust the detection strategy.No longer carry out full-time nucleic acid screening, and community residents are "willing to check as much as possible" according to their needs.. For the staff and caregivers of key institutions such as pension institutions and social welfare institutions, antigen or nucleic acid testing should be carried out regularly during the epidemic period. Carry out antigen or nucleic acid detection after the symptoms of severe high-risk personnel in the community appear;

　　The fourth isAdjust the management of infectious sources. Infected in novel coronavirusNo longer implement isolation measures., the implementation of classification and treatment;Close contacts are no longer judged, and high and low risk areas are no longer delineated.;

　　The fifth isEmergency prevention and control measures can be taken during the epidemic..

　　These emergency prevention and control measures can be taken during the outbreak.

　　During the outbreak of the epidemic, comprehensive assessment should be made in combination with the variation of the virus, the epidemic intensity, the load of medical resources and the social operation, and temporary prevention and control measures can be taken timely and legally according to the infection rate of the population and the shortage of medical resources.When the epidemic situation breaks out and spreads in COVID-19, some emergency prevention and control measures can be taken timely, legally and selectively.

　　The tenth edition of the prevention and control plan lists some, including suspending non-essential large-scale activities and suspending the business activities of large-scale entertainment venues; Take appropriate current limiting measures in indoor public places such as museums and art galleries; Strictly manage places where vulnerable people are concentrated, such as pension institutions and social welfare institutions; Carry out the measures such as commuting at the wrong time and peak, flexible working system, or taking home office; There are also educational institutions that adopt temporary online teaching.Once the epidemic situation is alleviated, the local government should promptly announce the lifting of emergency prevention and control measures.

-virus mutation monitoring-

　　How to monitor the variation of Covid-19 in the first time?

　　Since the epidemic prevention and control entered a new stage, the disease control department has further improved the work plan of mutation monitoring in Covid-19. On the basis of the original work,The sampling, inspection and sequencing of entry personnel, patients, key places and key populations have been strengthened.. In terms of monitoring imported cases,Strengthen close cooperation with customs.. In terms of local case monitoring,Each province chooses some cities and hospitals as monitoring posts.To carry out sampling and sequencing of a certain number of Covid-19 infected cases in outpatient cases, severe cases and death cases, to dynamically monitor the trend of Covid-19 mutation, to capture new mutant strains in time, and to evaluate the changes of their biological characteristics, so as to provide a scientific basis for epidemic situation judgment, research and development and evaluation of detection reagents, vaccines and drugs.

　　What are the characteristics of XBB so far? Is the pathogenicity and toxicity stronger?

　　Our country has been carrying out monitoring work in Covid-19 since the new crown epidemic. From a global perspective, XBB series mutants are mainly popular in the United States, India, Malaysia and Singapore.Recently, XBB has also produced a new offshoot XBB.1.5 in the epidemic process. This evolutionary branch accounts for a large proportion of patients infected with Covid-19 in the United States at present, and it shows a growing trend.The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also monitored it, and predicted that XBB.1.5 may replace the popular advantages of BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 in the United States and become the dominant epidemic strain in the United States in the next few weeks. As of January 7, 2023, XBB.1.5 has been detected in 35 countries and regions around the world. Our national monitoring data shows that,From August 1, 2022 to the present, 16 cases of XBB local associated cases have been detected in our country, all of which are evolutionary branches of XBB.1.

　　From the results of many studies, compared with the original strain and the previously concerned mutant, such as Delta mutant and several early discovered evolutionary branches in Omicron, the evolutionary branches of XBB have obviously increased their immune escape ability, which has also led to an obvious increase in the spread advantages of XBB in these countries in the United States. From the current reports and studies, no increase in severe cases and deaths of XBB series mutants has been observed, that is to say, its pathogenicity has not increased significantly.

　　Why adopt the method of monitoring urban sewage?

　　Monitoring the sewage of residential buildings in Covid-19 can better play the role of monitoring and early warning for the residential buildings where they are located. Through community sewage monitoring, Hong Kong can find out the areas where there may be infected people in time, and then further track and find the positive infected people, and then take corresponding control measures, mainly when there is no large-scale epidemic in the early stage of the epidemic. The monitoring of Covid-19 in sewage treatment plants can evaluate the trend of Covid-19 infection in a larger area, which is suitable for monitoring for a longer time and a wider range. Monitoring points are set up in communities and sewage treatment plants, and their monitoring purposes are different.At present, Covid-19 infection in mainland China is still in the epidemic stage, so we carry out sewage monitoring in qualified cities across the country to assist in evaluating the epidemic intensity and changing trend of Covid-19 infection.To provide scientific basis for epidemic research and prevention and control.

-vaccination-

　　What are the key work requirements for vaccination in the tenth edition of the prevention and control plan?

　　First, further emphasize the principles of knowledge, consent and voluntariness.For school-age people over 3 years old, vaccination is encouraged if there is no contraindication.. In addition, advocate that the public, especially the elderly, should be vaccinated all the time, and those who meet the conditions should complete the enhanced immunization.

　　Second,One dose of booster immunization should be completed for eligible people aged 18 and above.. In the process of strengthening immunization, it is also emphasized that whether sequential immunization or homologous immunization is selected,Cannot do it at the same time, only one item can be selected..

　　Third, it further emphasizes the rightPeople with high risk of infection, people over 60 years old, people with serious basic diseases, and people with immunodeficiency.These people who are easy to cause severe illness after infection put forward the suggestion of strengthening immunity in the second dose. The interval between the second dose of immunization and the first dose of booster immunization should be more than 6 months.It is hoped that the protection level of these high-risk groups, the elderly and people with basic diseases will be improved by the second dose of immunization.The key is to improve the whole vaccination rate and strengthen the immunization rate.

　　How long can I get Covid-19 vaccine after infection?

　　If Covid-19 infection is confirmed by nucleic acid detection and antigen detection,Covid-19 vaccination is not recommended in the near future.. A number of studies have shown that the immunity generated by Covid-19 infection alone,Weaker than the immunity caused by virus infection and vaccination.. Therefore, some people need to be vaccinated according to the immunization program. According to the current regulations,The interval between infection time and inoculation time is not less than 6 months.. Mainly according to the previous monitoring and research,The proportion of infection within 6 months is still very low.. The interval between infection and vaccination is actually a part of vaccination immunization program. With the deepening of vaccine research and the need of disease prevention and control, the immunization strategy will be improved and adjusted accordingly, including vaccination interval.

　　Besides Covid-19 vaccine, which vaccines should the elderly be vaccinated to prevent respiratory infectious diseases as much as possible?

　　For the elderly, in addition to being infected with Covid-19, there are some diseases that can be prevented by vaccines, includingRelated diseases caused by influenza virus and pneumococcus, etc.,For the elderly, it can also lead to severe cases.. On the one hand, the old people’s immunity is weakening, on the other hand, most of them have chronic basic diseases. If they are infected with influenza and pneumococcus, the infected diseases will be severe among these people. In addition, some studies have shown that after infection, it will lead to the original basic diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, diabetes and so on. So, in this case,It is suggested that the elderly people who meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine in addition to Covid-19 vaccine.And make them better protected.

　　Generally speaking, children’s delayed vaccination with conventional vaccines will not affect the effect, but they should be replanted in time.

　　Vaccines should play a better role, first, in time, and second, in the whole process.If vaccination is delayed, generally speaking, the effect will not be affected.However, it will increase the risk of infection, because there is no whole process or vaccination, and immunity has not been fully established. Once there is a source of infection, it may be infected with diseases, and there will be such a risk. soIt is suggested that all localities should replant vaccines in time after the vaccination units return to normal work.Which vaccines have not been vaccinated and which vaccines need to be replanted, each parent has a vaccination certificate, which is recorded. According to the regulations, which ones did and which ones didn’t,After taking the vaccination certificate to the vaccination unit, the vaccination doctor will make corresponding arrangements according to the child’s situation.. During this period, some children are infected with Covid-19. As long as he has recovered and there is no contraindication for vaccination, the follow-up routine vaccine can be vaccinated or replanted.

—— Returning home during the Spring Festival—

　　During the period of Spring Festival travel rush, the mobility of people increased. What should the public pay attention to when taking planes, trains and other means of transportation?

　　People with fever, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat and other symptoms should avoid taking public transport and going to crowded places before excluding the risk of infection. People who feel that they have a high risk of infection,You should not travel until the risks are eliminated..

　　In places with closed environment and crowded people, such as waiting for the bus, taking planes, trains, subways, buses and other public transport, it is necessary toWear masks regularly throughout the process..

　　Keep a reasonable social distance in public places,Reduce close contact with others.

　　Do a good job in personal hygiene, especially pay attention to hand hygiene at any time and avoid contact with public goods. When coughing or sneezing, cover it with paper towels or elbows and throw the used paper towels into the trash can in time. If you come into contact with respiratory secretions, you shouldWash your hands or disinfect your hands in time. When you are out or take public transport, try to reduce the number of meals and try to eat at the wrong peak..

　　During the Spring Festival holiday, can the public get together for dinner as before the epidemic? What should we pay attention to in gathering activities?

　　First, advocate people to avoid visiting relatives and traveling in areas with high epidemic situation, and advocate people in areas with high epidemic situation to reduce travel.Old people and people with serious basic diseases should try to avoid traveling..

　　The second isTry not to hold large-scale family gathering activities., reduce the scale and number of friends and relatives gathering, shorten the gathering time and strengthen self-protection.

　　Third, according to the epidemic situation,Try not to hold large-scale temple fairs, large-scale indoor cultural performances, exhibitions and other activities., reduce the scale and frequency of rural fairs, and implement prevention and control measures such as ventilation and disinfection.

　　During the Chinese New Year, avoid passing on the risk of infection to the elderly at home.

　　During the epidemic period, healthy New Year is a public concern, and we should pay more attention to the following aspects:

　　The first isContinue to do personal protection.Adhere to frequent hand washing, wearing a mask, regular ventilation, public chopsticks system, keeping social distance, cough etiquette, cleaning and disinfection and other hygiene habits, even after recovery from infection, personal protection should be done.

　　The second isMaintain regular work and rest, reasonable diet, moderate exercise, good attitude and other healthy living methods., improve self-resistance.

　　The third isTry not to hold or participate in large-scale family gathering activities, and reduce the number of family and friends gathering.Shorten the dinner time, and you can also send blessings through video and telephone, especially to avoid passing the risk of infection to the elderly at home.

　　The fourth isPeople who meet the vaccination conditions,Complete the whole vaccination and strengthen immunization as soon as possible.Protect the health of yourself and your family.

　　The fifth isIt is necessary to strengthen health monitoringPay close attention to the health status of yourself and your family. If you have symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat, or when you test positive, you should stay in a well-ventilated and relatively independent room as much as possible, minimize contact with people living with you, pay close attention to the progress of your illness, and seek medical attention in time if your illness is serious.

　　On September 14th, Mercedes-Benz officially withdrew from the shareholders of Tengshi Automobile, and its 10% equity of Tengshi Automobile was officially transferred to.This means that Tengshi Automobile has become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Group Holding. According to the plan, Tengshi Automobile’s equity adjustment will be completed within this year. In the future, Tengshi Automobile does not rule out cooperation with Mercedes-Benz in other sections.

　　In 2010, Tengshi Automobile was established with Mercedes-Benz holding 50% shares respectively. At the beginning of its establishment,The automobile market environment is not yet mature, and the development of Tengshi automobile is not smooth. From 2014 to 2018, Tengshi Automobile successively released Tengshi 300, Tengshi 400 and Tengshi 500, a total of three models, but the sales volume has been poor. In 2018, Tengshi only sold 1,974 vehicles, down 58.12% year-on-year. In the past five years, Tengshi has been relying on the "blood transfusion" of both shareholders to survive. Both shareholders have increased their capital seven times, and the accumulated capital increase has exceeded 4 billion yuan.

　　At that time, Tengshi sales channels were divided into joint distributors and franchised distributors, totaling over 50. Due to factors such as insufficient output and sales volume, Tengshi’s dealers are facing greater operational challenges. Therefore, since July 1, 2019, Mercedes-Benz has been officially responsible for Tengshi sales, marketing and brand communication, customer service and network development. However, Tengshi, as a joint venture brand, has never been able to boost sales and its brand awareness is not high.

　　Until 2021, Tengshi Automobile ushered in a turning point. In December of that year, BYD expanded its shareholding in Tengshi, and the shareholding ratio increased from 50% to 90%, while the shareholding ratio of Mercedes-Benz decreased to 10%. At this point, BYD started the all-round reform of Tengshi automobile technology, products and channels, and positioned Tengshi automobile.Brand.

　　According to the brand matrix layout, Tengshi Automobile aims at the passenger car market in the range of 300,000 yuan to 800,000 yuan, which needs to play a key role in the BYD brand matrix.

　　In August 2022, Tengshi D9 was officially listed, and the starting price fell within the range of 320,000 yuan, becoming the main sales force of Tengshi Automobile. In 2023, the cumulative sales volume of Tengshi automobile reached 127,800, and Tengshi D9 accounted for more than 93% of the total sales volume. According to the latest data, from January to August 2024, Tengshi Automobile sold a total of 79,894 vehicles, of which Tengshi D9 sold about 71,200 vehicles, down 8.8% compared with 77,900 vehicles last year.

　　At present, the competition in MPV market is becoming more and more fierce. In August, in the top 10 MPV sales list, independent brands occupied 6 seats, and Tengshi D9′ s total sales volume was 9,181, ranking first, Chuanqi E8, Lantu Dreamer,009 and other independent brands.The model B was changed to the market, and the sales volume increased steadily. At the same time, joint venture models such as Saina, Buick GL8 and Grevia closely followed Tengshi D9 sales. In that month, Tengshi D9 DM-i sold 8722 vehicles and Saina sold 8107 vehicles, a difference of 615 vehicles.

　　In addition to selling the main MPV models, Tengshi has successively launched SUV models such as N7 and N8. The total sales volume of N7 and N8 models from January to August this year was about 8,600, accounting for about 10% of the total sales volume of Tengshi vehicles. In order to boost sales, Tengshi Automobile continued to launch products this year. Tengshi Z9 will be launched on September 20th, with the goal of seizing 30% of the market of "56E" (BMW 5 Series, Audi A6 and Mercedes-Benz E-Class). In 2024, Tengshi Automobile set a sales target of 200,000 vehicles, and 40% of the target has been completed. This year, Tengshi Automobile has opened the dealer joining mode and intends to explore the secondary and tertiary markets. In the remaining four months, it remains to be seen whether Tengshi can achieve its annual sales target.

　　The realistic drama "Little Joy", directed by Wang Jun, with Lu Yingong as the original work and Xu Xiaoou as the chief producer, released the first film of "swearing in the college entrance examination" on November 6, exposing the whole cast of the characters and sparking the combination of new people. Huang Lei and Christina, the old partners, are full of witty remarks. When they open their mouths, they can’t help laughing. The three groups of families in the play have different backgrounds, but they will all face the college entrance examination for their children. On the one hand, parents’ earnest expectations, on the other hand, children’s free nature, the conflict between the two generations has become increasingly fierce in front of the topic of "college entrance examination".

　　The original team injected fresh blood to show the "family group image of China’s college entrance examination"

　　As a companion piece of Little Parting, a masterpiece of realistic drama in 2016, Little Joy continues the golden "iron triangle" cast of director Wang Jun and starring Huang Lei and Christina, and continues the perspective of Fiona Fang (Huang Lei) and Tong Wenjie (Christina), telling a brand-new urban story with the couple who are familiar to the audience of China TV series. In the first film, the whole cast was exposed, with Huang Lei, Christina, Tao Hong, Yanhui Wang and Yongmei as the leading roles, Zhou Qi, Li Gengxi, Guo Zifan, Liu Qi, Wu Yunling, Xu Fanxi and Ahu、Yue as the leading roles, and Sha Yi and Ren Zhong as the special roles. Compared with the previous work "Little Parting", "Little Joy" has added a lot of fresh blood, and the stories, conflicts and highlights that occurred during the preparation for the college entrance examination have been comprehensively upgraded around families with many children, divorced families and official families.

　　Several young actors Zhou Qi, Li Gengxi, Guo Zifan, Liu Qi and Wu Yunling, who had been highly anticipated before the filming of Little Joy, officially appeared in the trailer. The little actors selected by Little Joy are all "little drama bones" who have been acting since childhood, and they are also students who play the college entrance examination in their true colors. Zhou Qi’s masterpiece old boys, Li Gengxi’s masterpiece Two Hundred Million Years Old Classmate, Liu Qi’s masterpiece The Alliance of Military Strategists, The First Love of Married Chitose Adults, Wu Yunling’s masterpiece The Love Song of Ancient Times, and Guo Zifan, from the idol group X-Nine Youth League, were admitted to the Beijing Film Academy in 2017 with the first performance in the national major. It is reported that the performances of several young actors in "Little Joy" are refreshing.

　　Huang Leihai Qing’s "Mouth Gun Couple" is full of joy, and the three groups of families have different painting styles.

　　In the film "Little Joy", the passionate swearing-in meeting of the college entrance examination instantly pulls people back to the third year of high school, and even borrows a ridiculous dialogue from Yifan (Zhou Qi): "Look at these people, they are particularly calm on the surface, but in fact, they have already collapsed inside!" It leads to all kinds of "growing troubles" faced by senior three students. Parents’ concern and nagging, in the burst of balloons, indicate the seemingly insoluble gap between the two generations. At the same time, the film released a "pressure version" hand-painted poster with realistic irony. The children of three groups of families sat at the table and studied nervously, while "shouldering" their parents, vividly highlighting the pressure faced by senior three families.

　　In the film, three main families all appeared, with different painting styles. Holding a camera, Fang Yifan, a teenager, shouted that his life in senior three was "miserable". He had a harmonious relationship with his mother Tong Wenjie, who hated iron and never turned into steel, and his father Fiona Fang, who was tired of playing with things. He will spend senior three with his cousin Lin Leier (Liu Qi), who came to Beijing to take the college entrance examination. Qiao Yingzi (Li Gengxi), who grew up with Fang Yifan, is divorced from his parents, so he looks unhappy under the pressure of Song Qian (Tao Hong), his mother’s gold medal physics teacher. However, Qiao Weidong (Sha Yi), a business father, began to care about his daughter on the eve of senior three, and Song Qian and Qiao Weidong met each other in a narrow way, creating many smiles and tears. Ji Yangyang (Guo Zifan), who loves racing, didn’t grow up with his parents. He was very close to his uncle Zheng Liu (Ren Zhong) since childhood, but he was rebellious and indifferent, which made his father Ji Shengli (Yanhui Wang) and his mother liujing (Yongmei) a headache … …

　　In the play, Tong Wenjie moved his family into Shuxiang Yayuan Community opposite the school in order that his son Fang Yifan and his nephew Lin Leier could better prepare for the third year of high school, and became the tenant and neighbor of his best friend Song Qian. Ji Shengli and his wife also rented a house in the same community from Song Qian to better take care of their son Ji Yangyang’s college entrance examination. At the same time, Pan Shuai (Ahu、Yue), a PE teacher in Chunfeng Middle School, and Huang Zhitao (Wu Yunling), a niece, also live here. Five children in the same class, led by Tommy (Xu Fanxi), the head teacher, launched a sprint for the college entrance examination.

　　This is the second cooperation between Huang Lei and Christina after "A Little Separation", which is even more comfortable. In the play, the "Tong Fang CP", which is launched again, has quite different educational concepts for his son. Christina trains his children like a barrage, while Huang Lei takes his time and speaks eloquently, and they are full of joy. And "tell it to the judge" Tao Hong and Sha Yi, "orthodox couple" Yanhui Wang and Yongmei, also have their own sparks. The three groups of families who temporarily become neighbors represent different situations, but they are all equally anxious in the face of the children’s college entrance examination.

　　Sharp analysis of educational topics and direct attack on the pain point of "Chinese-style" family education

　　It can be seen from the film that under the fixed proposition of "college entrance examination", the social topics involved in "Little Joy" are quite sharp, covering social hotspots such as puppy love of high school students, college entrance examination in different places, score-only theory, Beijing hukou, and children driving sports cars in official families, which can be said to be quite "sharp". The backgrounds and educational concepts of the three families are very different, each with different troubles and facing similar puzzles. The contradiction and collision between independent candidates and parents who want their children to succeed in life can’t help but make people think: does the college entrance examination, which has changed the fate of countless people, still have the same significance in the eyes of children with good conditions?

　　What is commendable is that "Little Joy" has both youthful blood and hope at the creative level, and resonates with the collective memory shared by the Chinese people. It also reflects the struggle and pain of growing up — — The conflict between personal hobbies and the pressure of entering a higher school, the estrangement between parents and children after divorce, and the weak parent-child relationship due to busy work … … The drama’s accurate observation of these educational problems is also the pain point of the "Chinese-style" family that the creator tries to touch. "Little Joy" also hopes to discuss with parents how to better integrate with new ideas, communicate with the new generation, realize the reconciliation between the two generations, and the symbiosis and integration between individuals, families and society under the changing times. The mutual acceptance of the two generations is just like Huang Lei’s dialogue in the play: "It is good to be admitted or not, and a little joy is good."

　　"Little Joy" is very contemporary from the core theme to the values conveyed. After "Little Parting" set off the topic frenzy of the senior high school entrance examination, "Little Joy" will take the topic of the senior high school entrance examination as a guide to gain insight into middle-class anxiety and parent-child relationship. It is reported that the production of Fang Ningmeng Film will also create a "Little Shede" that pays attention to early childhood education, forming a "trilogy of education series" by Ning Meng, insisting on making quality dramas and quality dramas.