Foreign media: promoting violence American social media is hard to blame.

  Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 11th, New Media Specialist According to Reuters’s report on January 8th, when American social media companies took measures against users and organizations that incited the siege of Capitol Hill, and finally blocked the account of US President Trump, their actions were too small and it was too late.

  The report pointed out that in the past few weeks, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and other technology giant platforms and some emerging marginal social networks have predicted the impact on Capitol Hill that killed five people.

  According to the report, the online lobbying group "Voice" found a post on Facebook website with an illustration of Trump standing in front of the White House with a machine gun and the text "Come and occupy it". Another illustration depicts Trump as Uncle Sam with his words: "I hope you will come to Washington, D.C. on January 6th. The scene will be very crazy at that time. "

  Some experts who study false information say that platforms allow radical racists, violent enthusiasts and conspiracy theorists to gather a large audience, and online celebrity people know what they can gain from it.

  The report also said that Alex Stamos, the former chief security officer of Facebook and the current head of the false information disclosure project at Stanford University, said: "What you finally see is that the content on mainstream social media platforms has been seriously diluted, and other platforms are full of more radical content."

  Stamos said, "It is difficult to assert that there is something wrong with mainstream content, because it is all about ‘ Come to the rally ’ . ‘ Get ready for a fight ’ It is the content on the websites of 8Kun and Paler, and the content that incites the implementation of the action is in ‘ Telegraph ’ On the software. "

  On Wednesday, local time, a tweet turned "My fellow Americans, a storm is coming" sent by anonymous Q organization three years ago into a call to action. This tweet was forwarded 16,000 times.

  According to the report, before Facebook closed the page of "Red State Separation" organization on Tuesday night local time, the organization had been urging nearly 8,000 fans to find the home address of officials who "helped steal the election victory".

  Jared Holt, a false information researcher at the Atlantic Council, said that the far-right groups that appeared at the scene of the riots were very active on platforms such as Paler, Chat, MeWe, Zello and Telegraph, and sometimes they discussed using crowd tactics to enter the Capitol.

The key project of "Our New Era" TV series was unveiled.

On November 16th, the State Administration of Radio and Television held a promotion meeting for key projects of TV series with the theme of "Our New Era". Vice Minister Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Party Secretary and Director Nie Chenxi of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television attended the meeting and delivered a speech. Zhu Yonglei, member of the party group and deputy director of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, presided over the meeting.

 

The State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) has decided to launch the creation, exhibition and broadcasting of works with the theme of "Our New Era" from November 2021 to the end of 2022. As an important project of the exhibition, seven plays, Courtyard of the County Party Committee, Tree of Life, Transcendence, The Name of Ice and Snow, Our Decade, Exam and War in Shanghai, appeared.

 

County Committee Courtyard

 

Producer: Hou Hongliang

Director: Kong Sheng

Screenwriter: Wang Xiaoqiang

 

The Courtyard of the County Committee is another work handed over to the midday sun by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television after Minning Town. It tells the story of Mei Xiaoge, the protagonist, who was parachuted into Guangming County as the county magistrate, and finally realized the ideal of governing the county with the efforts of him and his colleagues. The play covers more than 50 characters, and the first draft of the nearly 200,000-word outline was completed on September 29th.

 

It is reported that in order to go deep into life, under the coordination of the General Administration, screenwriter Wang Xiaoqiang went to Dayu County, Jiangxi Province for nearly five months; The director team sent people to Hengnan County, Hunan Province for nearly four months.

The tree of life

 

Producer: Hou Hongliang

Screenwriters: Wang Sanmao and Lei Zi.

 

From the perspective of a lost little girl, The Tree of Life tells the story of the changes of the times in a hot land for decades, and creates a group of figures who have contributed to changing the ecological outlook of the grassland. At present, the screenwriter has completed the story outline and diversity outline.

beyond

 

Director: Zhang Xiaobo

Screenwriter: Li Jia

Starring: Li Gengxi, Hu Jun and Sha Yi.

 

"Beyond" focuses on two generations of speed skaters, including Chen Mian and Chen Jingye, and tells the story that in the wave of "Ice in the North and Exhibition in the South", Chen Mian went all the way from a non-professional player to represent the country in the Winter Olympics. At present, more than 400 people in the whole group are in the final sprint, and there are still 10 days to go. It is expected to be broadcast in mid-January 2022.

 

The TV series named "Beyond" not only fits the essence of short track speed skating, but also contains the meaning of "Beyond" passed down by two generations and "Beyond" for athletes to realize their self-worth.

The name of ice and snow

 

Director: Bai Tao

Screenwriter: Liang Zhenhua

Starring: Oho Ou, Liang Jie, Chen Ruoxuan and Peng Xiaoran.

 

The Name of Ice and Snow consists of two parts: Love in Ice and Dream of Winter Olympics. With the theme of "Forty Years of China and Winter Olympics", it tells the story of three generations’ love in ice and snow. It is expected to meet the audience during the 2022 Winter Olympics.

 

The drama will create a panoramic scene of the Winter Olympics, from ice and snow athletes to volunteers, organizers of the Winter Olympics and national entrepreneurs. The drama will show the overall features of the new ice and snow people in the form of group images, analyze the "name of ice and snow" from multiple perspectives, and lead the audience to experience the persistence of the ice and snow people inside and outside the stadium, so as to pay tribute to the ice and snow people who are dreaming of the winter Olympics and convey good wishes to the upcoming 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.

 

Our Decade

 

Producer: Fu Binxing

 

"Our Ten Years" is a unit drama produced by Huace Group and directed by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television.

The drama series will select typical characters from ten different themes for artistic processing and creation, depicting the people’s growing sense of acquisition, happiness and security. The drama is expected to enter the script creation stage in November 2021, enter the production stage in January 2022, complete the production of the whole drama in September, and broadcast in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Big test

 

Producer: Feng Weiwei

Director: Shen Yan

Artistic Director: Shen Jie

 

The Grand Exam is a creation written by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. At present, part of the diversity outline has been completed, and it is expected to be 3–&mdash in 2022; It started in April and went online in October. The drama focuses on the important event of college entrance examination, showing the relationship among teachers, families and students, and the help of all sectors of society in the epidemic.

War in Shanghai

 

Screenwriter: Long Pingping

Director: Gao Xixi

 

The TV series "Fighting Shanghai" is adapted from the award-winning book "Fighting Shanghai" of the "Five Ones" project, which will show the story of cadres and masses at all levels in Shanghai building a new Shanghai under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee.

Preparations for the play began in November 2019, and the draft has been changed several times in the past two years. It is planned to do 40 episodes. It is expected to start after January 2022 and be completed before the 20th Party Congress.

 

Source: Radio and Television Review, Jinan Daily, and Online.

Please send the submission to the email address:

iris_yangliu@126.com

—

How to strengthen the "fence" of "fairy tale king" caught in the tug-of-war of rights protection and trademark protection?

  Photo courtesy of vision china

  Protecting intellectual property rights and prohibiting the abuse of intellectual property rights, just like two sides of the same coin, are both aimed at making the intellectual property system really promote social development. Only with the consciousness and concept of "strict protection" and "no abuse" can malicious cybersquatting be eradicated.

  A few days ago, Zheng Yuanjie, the king of fairy tales, publicly announced that he would stop writing the monthly magazine "The King of Fairytales" and devote himself to the rights protection of the three trademarks "Pipiru", "Shunk" and "The King of Fairytales". Over the past 36 years, The King of Fairy Tales has published 495 issues, with a total print run of over 200 million copies, affecting millions of readers. But to Zheng Yuanjie’s annoyance, many characters in his works and the word "King of Fairy Tales" are frequently squatted. After years of efforts, there are still 672 infringing trademarks waiting for rights protection.

  The tug-of-war of rights protection exposes imperfect trademark protection.

  His academic performance is not good, and he is not the kind of good boy that school teachers like, but he is kind-hearted, just and brave, and has stories on him — — Zheng Yuanjie’s China boy is called Cpaing. In 1985, with the publication of The King of Fairy Tales, a large number of literary characters, such as Pipiru, Lu Xixi, Shunk and Beta, became famous with Zheng Yuanjie’s fairy tales, which influenced generations of children.

  However, a few years later, who would have thought that all these characters were registered as trademarks: "Pipiru" became pork skin, "Shunk" became an underwear brand, and "Fairy Tale King" became the flagship store of children’s wear e-commerce. In these years, on the road of safeguarding rights, Zheng Yuanjie is almost alone in "fighting". He knew the Copyright Law and Trademark Law by heart, and even risked his life to obtain evidence to defend his rights, but his "record" was not brilliant: in 20 years, there were 672 trademarks, and only 16 successfully defended their rights. In an interview with the media, Zheng Yuanjie revealed that it would take him six years to "win" a controversial trademark on average, which cost about 90,000 yuan.

  Among them, the "tug-of-war" for the rights protection of the three trademarks "Pipiru", "Shuk" and "Fairy Tale King" has been going on for several years. Take the protection of the trademark "Cpaing" as an example. After the lawsuit in Zheng Yuanjie, the trademark of the sued enterprise was initially ruled invalid. After that, the trademark registrant appealed to the Beijing Intellectual Property Court and sent it back for retrial. After the relevant review body ruled that the trademark could be used, Zheng Yuanjie continued to sue … … Because of the twists and turns in the process of defending rights, and without the final victory, Zheng Yuanjie was exhausted.

  "This exposes the imperfection of trademark protection in China. Although the trademark law has provisions on the protection of prior rights, it is not perfect. " Pan Helin, executive director of the Digital Economy Research Institute of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, said that most trademark ownership in China is still the only requirement for obtaining rights by registration, rather than "actual use" and "true intention". However, the protection of prior rights is the general trend in the world. In foreign countries, as long as the earliest user can prove his prior use, even if the trademark has been registered for many years, he can apply for cancellation.

  Lawyer Yu Qingkai, director of the Intellectual Property Professional Committee of Guiyang Lawyers Association of Guizhou Province and senior partner of Beijing Yingke (Guiyang) Law Firm, believes that the purpose of preempting the names of people with certain influence into their own trademarks is to promote their own goods or services with the help of the influence of the names of people, which is subjectively malicious and has no legitimacy. Judging from the judicial practice, the characters with such special phrases as "Cpaing" and "Shunk" were originally created by the obligee, who should have copyright, but there is no corresponding basis for the ownership and protection of rights in the current legal system.

  "Blacklist" may not be able to stop the malicious cybersquatting of trademarks.

  In 2020, there are about 13.4 million trademark applications in the world, and China ranks first in the world with about 9.3 million trademark applications by category. According to preliminary statistics, by the end of the third quarter of 2021, there were 34,300,631 valid registered trademarks nationwide, an increase of 6,920,766 over the same period of the previous year, with a year-on-year increase of 25.27%.

  But in sharp contrast, the rush to register is rampant.

  Ding Zhen, a teenager who suddenly became popular, was robbed, and Eye of the Great Power turned into a pack of cigarettes. Even Zhong Nanshan and Olympic athletes were hot spots. In recent years, wave after wave of "hot spots" trademark news has been searched frequently.

  This phenomenon of cybersquatting has actually been related to the trademark.

  To run counter to the meaning. With the increasing number of trademark registration behaviors of "rubbing hot spots", one registered trademark after another is ridiculous.

  Those registered trademarks, whether hoarded or sold, are often behind unimaginable high transfer fees and usage fees, which may even promote malicious registered trademarks to become a gray industrial chain — — The registration fee is only a few hundred yuan, but if the registered trademark is a famous person, it may involve subsequent transfer, and you can get hundreds or even tens of thousands of times of income.

  Fortunately, China National Intellectual Property Administration and the relevant administrative law enforcement agencies usually use batch rejection to solve the hot events and malicious cybersquatting of characters. For example, after the Chinese Olympic Committee shouted to stop "malicious cybersquatting", China National Intellectual Property Administration official website issued a notice rejecting 109 trademark registration applications such as Yang Qian, Chen Meng and Quanhongchan.

  The Measures for the Administration of the List of Serious Violations of Law and Trust in Market Supervision and Management, which was officially implemented on September 1 last year, clearly stipulates that those who submit malicious trademark registration applications that harm the public interests will be included in the list of serious violations of law and trust.

  Can this move stop this vicious rush to register trademarks? In this regard, Pan Helin said that according to the trademark law, malicious cybersquatting belongs to the category of infringement, not administrative punishment.

  The list of serious dishonesty has a certain deterrent effect on trademark cybersquatting, but there is still a problem of malicious cybersquatting. In judicial practice, there are no clear provisions on the elements of the determination of preemptive registration, such as prior rights and improper means, and the determination of subjective malice is also controversial. Therefore, it is only a reference model to be included in the list of dishonesty. The key is to clarify the legal boundary of malicious trademark squatting and increase the punishment for malicious trademark squatting.

  Let the rule of law become the "fence" of trademark protection

  Last year, China National Intellectual Property Administration issued a special notice, announcing that it would take special actions to crack down on malicious cybersquatting. Among them, malicious squatting on the names of major scientific and technological projects has caused great adverse social impact, and malicious squatting on well-known works or role names has all been included in the crackdown targets.

  China National Intellectual Property Administration stated that it will strengthen overall coordination, expose typical cases, illegal individuals, enterprises and agencies in a timely manner, and hand over those in bad conditions to local law enforcement departments for punishment in time, so as to create a good legal environment, market environment and social environment for all kinds of market players to compete fairly, innovate and consciously resist malicious cybersquatting.

  Outline of Building a Powerful Intellectual Property Country (2021— In 2035), it is proposed that by 2035, China’s comprehensive intellectual property competitiveness will rank among the top in the world, and it will basically become a world-class intellectual property power with China characteristics. In the future, with the increasing protection of intellectual property rights in China, the high-pressure situation against malicious cybersquatting will become a new normal.

  However, in recent years, an act under the banner of intellectual property protection is worthy of vigilance. From the recent Sichuan restaurant being sued for infringement for using the word "green pepper" in its dish name to the previous rights protection incident of "Tongguan Chinese hamburger" and "Xiaoyao Town Hulatang", the limits and protection scope of trademark rights protection have aroused heated public discussion. In the eyes of some people in the industry, protecting intellectual property rights and prohibiting the abuse of intellectual property rights are like two sides of the same coin, both of which are aimed at making the intellectual property system really promote social development. Only with the consciousness and concept of "strict protection" and "prohibition of abuse" can malicious cybersquatting be eradicated.

  It is imperative to protect "plugging" with the rule of law as a trademark. Zheng Yuanjie suggested at the Weibo that a new clause should be added to the Trademark Law: to register the names and titles of well-known literary characters created by others within the copyright protection period, the authorization of the original author is required, and the registered trademark shall not infringe the copyright of others.

  Lawyer Yu Qingkai also suggested perfecting legislation to protect the fair use of trademarks. He said that from the perspective of trademark registration, the author did not apply for trademark registration for the role names and titles of his works in time, which would bring difficulties to the follow-up rights protection. But on the one hand, it takes time and cost to register a trademark. On the other hand, if the current trademark law is not a registration act for the purpose of use, it will be recognized by the intellectual property department as malicious hoarding of trademarks and may be subject to administrative punishment. From this perspective, the author’s application for trademark registration for the role of his work has certain legal risks. Therefore, such role names and article titles should be defined as a new type of intellectual property, or the scope of copyright protection should be expanded to include the previously used influential role names and article titles.

  The industry believes that the "fence" of intellectual property protection can be further built. It is expected that the "plugging" of the rule of law will leave some speculators with no loopholes to drill.

After the summer, the temperature in many places continued to rise, and the high temperature allowance was raised in some areas.

  Beijing, May 18 (Reporter Zhang Ni) Recently, many places in the country have been facing high temperature and heat waves, and the highest temperature in some cities even exceeded the extreme value of the same period. With the rising temperature, high-temperature allowances in various places have also entered the distribution time. It is worth noting that in some areas, including Jiangsu and Tianjin, the high temperature allowance has been raised.

  The high temperature allowance has entered the distribution time, and these provinces have raised it.

  According to the Management Measures for Heatstroke Prevention and Cooling Measures revised in 2012, if the employer arranges the workers to engage in outdoor open-air operations in hot weather above 35℃ and cannot take effective measures to reduce the workplace temperature below 33℃, it shall pay the workers a high-temperature allowance.

  Judging from the distribution time of high temperature allowance, there are also differences in different places due to differences in climatic conditions. For example, the distribution time in northern areas such as Beijing and Shanxi is from June to August, and the distribution time in Hainan Province is as long as seven months, from April to October.

  In terms of subsidy standards, there are also great differences among provinces. The reporter from Zhongxin. com noted that some provinces have recently raised the high temperature allowance.

  This month, Jiangsu raised the standard of high temperature allowance from 200 yuan to 300 yuan every month, and the annual payment time is four months (June, July, August and September).

  In Tianjin, heatstroke prevention and cooling expenses and high temperature allowance are linked to the average wage level of employees in the city last year.

  According to the notice issued by Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, in 2018, the standard of heatstroke prevention and cooling expenses for employees in this city was 168 yuan per month, up by 10 yuan from the previous year, and the standard of high temperature allowance was 31 yuan daily, up by 2 yuan from the previous year.

  Hebei adjusted the high temperature allowance standard last year. According to the regulations, workers engaged in outdoor open-air operations are adjusted from 1.5 yuan to 2 yuan per hour; Indoor workers who have no heatstroke prevention and cooling equipment or have heatstroke prevention and cooling equipment but can not achieve the effect of reducing the temperature in the workplace are adjusted from 1 yuan to 1.5 yuan per hour.

  Defining safeguards in many places and deducting high temperature allowance will be severely punished.

  In recent years, the phenomenon that the high-temperature allowance has been deducted has been concerned by the society. In order to prevent the high-temperature allowance from becoming "cool on paper", many places have also introduced specific measures to ensure its landing.

  For example, according to the Measures for Labor Protection in Hot Weather in Shandong Province, if an employer forces workers to work during hot weather, or fails to pay heatstroke prevention and cooling fees according to the prescribed standards, the human resources and social security department at or above the county level shall order them to make corrections; If no correction is made within the time limit, a fine of 2000 yuan or more and 20000 yuan or less shall be imposed; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

  In addition, it is also clear in many places that summer drinks such as mung bean soup cannot offset the high temperature allowance.

  In the recent notice jointly issued by Jiangsu Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security and other four departments, it is emphasized that the wages of workers during normal working hours and the minimum wage set by the state do not include the high temperature allowance, and the employer shall not reduce the wages of workers because of the high temperature allowance, and the expenses of labor protection articles such as heatstroke prevention drinks and medicines provided by the employer shall not offset the high temperature allowance.

  In addition, if the employer fails to pay the high-temperature allowance according to the regulations, the workers can report complaints to the human and social departments, or apply for mediation, arbitration or bring a lawsuit according to law. The employer shall bear the burden of proof for the workers engaged in hot weather operations and the distribution of high temperature allowances.

  The Shanxi Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security has previously stipulated that if the work is stopped and the working hours are shortened due to high temperature weather, the employer shall not deduct or reduce the wages of the workers, and the employer shall not reduce the wages of the workers due to the increase of the high temperature allowance.

  Tips for heatstroke prevention and cooling: Pay attention to sun protection and hydration in hot weather.

  According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, there will still be high temperature above 35℃ in parts of southern and eastern Jiangnan and eastern South China on the 18th, and the local maximum temperature will reach 38℃. Under the heat wave, what measures should ordinary people take in their daily travel?

  In this regard, professional doctors give the following suggestions:

  1. Try to minimize going out, especially at noon. When going out, it is best to prepare for heatstroke prevention and cooling.

  2. People, especially middle-aged and elderly people with cardiovascular diseases, must replenish water in time, drink more boiled water every day, and supplement light salt water when sweating heavily.

  3, high temperature weather should not be greedy, because drinking too much cold drinks will aggravate the stimulation of the intestines and damage human health.

  4. In case of premonition of heatstroke or mild heatstroke, you should immediately move to a cool and ventilated place to rest, and closely observe the changes of body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure.

  You can drink light salt water, cold watermelon water, mung bean soup, etc. to replenish water, and take heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs such as Rendan, Shidishui or Huoxiang Zhengqi Powder.

  5. Severe heatstroke patients with symptoms such as dehydration, circulatory failure, spasm and high fever should be sent to the hospital in time for emergency treatment. The key point of treatment is to reduce body temperature, correct water and electrolyte disorders and acidosis in the body, and actively prevent and treat shock and pulmonary edema.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started Evaluation

Redmi K series has always been famous for its high cost performance. While the latest release has built Redmi’s annual flagship, its price has also increased a lot compared with the previous generation. Then this Pro with a price of 3,299 yuan can still be called the king of the annual cost performance? The following is the first time after the sale, bringing you the evaluation of Redmi K60 Pro.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro

The overall appearance of Redmi K60 Pro adopts the hard-core design idea, with a straight screen design on the front of the fuselage and a double-sided slightly curved design on the back of the fuselage. Redmi K60 Pro glass version is 8.59mm and weighs 205g g. Champion (plain leather) version is 8.87mm thick and weighs 201g g. Consumers can choose from four color schemes: Ink Feather, Clear Snow, Youmang and Champion Edition.


Redmi K60 Pro four colors

The SIM card slot of Redmi K60 Pro is designed at the bottom of the fuselage, and there are stereo dual speakers on the upper and lower frames of the fuselage, which support NFC and infrared remote control.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro top border

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro bottom border

On the screen side, Redmi K60 Pro adopts 6.6 Huaxing Optoelectronic C6 OLED flexible straight screen with 3200×1440 resolution, integrates Redmi self-developed highlight display engine, and is jointly developed and adjusted with Huaxing, which can achieve a peak brightness of 1400nit, support 12bit and 68.7 billion colors, restore colors in P3 color gamut, and support screen fingerprint recognition with 1920Hz PWM high-frequency dimming.

Cost-effective crushing millet 13? Redmi K60 Series Conference Summary

Performance has always been the dominant project of the Redmi K series, and the Redmi K60 series has also been officially defined as the "performance universe". So what is the performance of the Redmi K60 Pro this time?

In terms of configuration, Redmi K60 Pro adopts the combination of Snapdragon 8 Gen 2+LPDDR5X memory +UFS 4.0 flash memory, and is equipped with stainless steel VC vapor chamber. Redmi K60 Pro has a built-in rage performance engine, and through the special adjustment of FEAS2.2 self-developed intelligent frame stabilization, it can intelligently judge the running status in milliseconds and optimize the computing power consumption frame by frame.

Snapdragon 8 Gen 2

Next, we entered the actual test link. In the V9 running test, Redmi K60 Pro scored 130+W in performance mode, and also scored 3700+ in the Wild Life EXTREME test. The overall performance test score is the leading level in the current Android flagship.

In the heavy load test of Genshin Impact, a well-known mobile phone game, the picture quality option is set to extremely high picture quality +60 frames, and the test scenario is the test of running pictures. The measured average frame rate of Redmi K60 Pro in performance mode is 60.3 frames, which is normal.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationGenshin Impact game frame rate

In the national mobile game "",the picture quality option is set to high picture quality+extremely high frame rate, and the test scenario is 5V5 battle test. The measured average frame rate of the Red Mike60 Pro single game is 120 frames, which has reached the flagship excellent level.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationFrame rate of the glory of the king game

In terms of image, the Redmi K60 Pro adopts a three-camera module, which is a 50-megapixel main camera (IMX800, OIS)+8-megapixel super wide-angle camera (HOWEI OV08D10)+2-megapixel macro camera (HOWEI OV02B10), with a front lens and built-in seven film camera effects. The main camera supports OIS+EIS dual anti-shake, and the overall image experience is blessed by Xiaomi Image Brain 2.0 technology.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro Rear Three-camera Module

We simply took some proofs with Redmi K60 Pro, and we can see that the imaging effect of the rear camera module of Redmi K60 Pro has reached the above-average level, and its main camera has high practical value. Film camera effect mode can help ordinary users to complete creative shooting better.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro main photo proofs

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro Super Wide Angle Proof Sheet

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro main photo proofs

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started EvaluationRedmi K60 Pro film effect sample

In terms of battery life, the Redmi K60 Pro is equipped with a 120W wired second charge +30W wireless fast charge +5000mAh battery combination, and also has a built-in Xiaomi 澎湃 P1 self-developed charging chip. When the original 120W charger is used in the actual test, Redmi K60 Pro can charge its 5000mAh battery to 100% within 25 minutes, and the fast charging speed is normal.

Snapdragon 8 Gen2 king of cost performance? Redmi K60 Pro Getting Started Evaluation30-minute fast charge test data

On the whole, Redmi K60 Pro is a well-behaved mobile phone, which has not disappointed anyone, but it has not brought us surprises. The price of Redmi K60 Pro starting at 3299 yuan also makes it need to face more competitors in the market competition, which of course also provides users with more choices.


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https://mobile.zol.com.cn/809/8098987.html
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2999
The Redmi K series has always been famous for its high cost performance. While the newly released Redmi K60 Pro has built the flagship of Redmi’s annual top distribution, its price has also increased a lot compared with the previous generation of Redmi K50 Pro. Then, can this Redmi K60 Pro, which starts at 3,299 yuan, be called the king of the annual cost performance? The following is the first time after the sale, bringing you Red. …

Nanjing General Hospital successfully held the "2017 Nanjing Forum on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"

Recently, the "2017 Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nanjing Forum" hosted by the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment Center of Nanjing General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army was successfully held in Nanjing. Nanjing Forum on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases enjoys a high reputation in the field of inflammatory bowel diseases in China, and it is the fourth time so far.

In the past decade, the field of inflammatory bowel disease treatment in China has developed rapidly, and remarkable progress has been made in drug and nutrition treatment, endoscopic treatment, surgery and treatment of perianal diseases. More and more gastroenterologists, surgeons and nutritionists have actively participated in it, and multidisciplinary cooperation has also flourished in many centers.

On the basis of previous forums, the conference invited Academician Li Jieshou of China Academy of Engineering, Professor Feza H Remzi, Director of Colorectal Surgery of Cleveland Hospital, Professor Luca Stocchi and Professor SHEN BO, and other internationally renowned scholars in the field of IBD, authoritative experts in the field of internal surgery and nutritional treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in China, and elites from gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery all over the country. Sharing experiences and discussing techniques and techniques, comprehensively discussing the hot issues in the treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in the past year, showing the latest achievements and scientific research level in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in China, deepening exchanges and cooperation among disciplines and promoting the development of IBD treatment in China.

Professor Zhu Weiming, Director of General Surgery of Nanjing General Hospital, Chairman of the Conference, delivered an opening speech. Professor Shi Zhaorong, Dean of Nanjing General Hospital, welcomed all the guests on behalf of Nanjing General Hospital and gave a brief introduction on the current situation of the inflammatory bowel disease treatment center in the hospital. Under the leadership of Academician Li Jieshou and Professor Zhu Weiming, the hospital’s inflammatory bowel disease treatment center has developed rapidly in the past four years, and has become the largest specialized center featuring surgical treatment and nutritional treatment in China, with more than 1,000 patients treated annually. At the same time, the scientific research results are also very fruitful, and more than 50 high-scoring papers have been published.

Academician Li, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, a famous expert in general surgery, the founder of the treatment of intestinal fistula and the founder of clinical nutrition support, expressed his outlook on the future: "In fact, we have not found the real cause of CD until now, and it is only theoretical speculation and practical trial. I have studied bowel disease for more than half a century, and I know it, but I haven’t seen through it. I hope that one day we can really know it. "

Well-known experts, multiple groups and different forms of communication have made the "2017 Nanjing Forum on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases" a successful conclusion.

1. Professor Zhu Weiming, President of the Conference, delivered an opening speech.

2. Dean Shi Zhaorong of the hospital welcomes experts at home and abroad.

3. Academician Li Jieshou of China Academy of Engineering spoke at the forum.

Heroic hymn: Thousands of people pay homage to the heroic activities of volunteers held in Shenyang.

Cctv news On April 5th, the "Ode to Heroes — Shenyang 2023 Qingming Thousand People Memorial Volunteer Heroes Conference was held in Shenyang Martyrs Cemetery to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

At the event, all the staff stood in silence in front of the monument to the unknown martyrs. Accompanied by the "Flower Song", the participants presented wreaths and arranged ribbons to the Monument to the Martyrs to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. Deng Sui, president of the Volunteer Research Association, Zhang Yin, executive director of the Shaanxi Chamber of Commerce in Liaoning Province, and Deng Qiping, director of the Martyrs’ Descendants Center, and other representatives expressed their deep memory and high respect to the volunteers.

Deng Sui, president of the Volunteer Research Association of the China Strategy and Management Research Association, said that it is even more different to come to the Shenyang Martyrs Cemetery to resist US aggression and aid Korea as a descendant of the Volunteers. Even in times of peace, we should still remember history. At present, the Volunteer Research Association is planning "The Republic will not forget" — — Theme series activities to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. At the same time, we will cooperate with the Propaganda Department of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee to film "Winning Shangganling". It aims to better carry forward the revolutionary spirit and noble quality of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries who are brave, tenacious, fearless and dedicated. Let young people resonate with the spirit of volunteers through various forms of activities, inherit the spirit of heroism and heroism with practical actions, and continue the red blood.

Ningbo eπ 008 price reduction is coming, the discount 28,000! act quickly

[Autohome Ningbo Discount Promotion Channel] In Ningbo market, Chang’an is holding a large promotion. Consumers can now enjoy a discount of up to 28,000 yuan when purchasing eπ 008, and the minimum starting price is reduced to 188,600 yuan. For interested friends, this is a good opportunity not to be missed. For more preferential policies, please check the quotation form and click "Check Car Price" to strive for a higher discount range.

宁波eπ008降价来袭,优惠2.8万!赶快行动

eπ008外观设计时尚动感,前脸采用精致的进气格栅设计,搭配流线型的车身线条,整体风格现代而独特。车头部分运用了家族式的设计元素,突出了车辆的科技感和运动气息。

eπ008的车身尺寸为5002*1972*1732mm,轴距达到3025mm,展现出宽敞舒适的内部空间。车侧线条流畅而动感,搭配21英寸轮圈,前轮距和后轮距均为1650mm,确保了稳定的行驶性能。前后轮胎均采用265/45 R21规格,为车辆提供了出色的抓地力和操控性。

宁波eπ008降价来袭,优惠2.8万!赶快行动

内饰方面,eπ008采用了简洁而科技的设计风格,突显了未来感。方向盘采用皮质材料,手感舒适,并配备了手动上下+前后调节功能,方便驾驶员根据需要进行调整。中控屏幕尺寸达到了15.6英寸,集成了多媒体系统、导航、电话以及空调等控制功能,并支持语音识别控制系统,提升了操作便捷性。座椅采用仿皮材质,主副驾座椅均可进行前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节和腰部支撑调节,其中主驾座椅还具备加热、通风及头枕扬声器功能,提升了驾乘舒适度。此外,车内还配备了手机无线充电功能和多个USB/Type-C接口,满足乘客的多种需求。

宁波eπ008降价来袭,优惠2.8万!赶快行动

eπ008搭载了一台高性能发动机,最大功率达到200千瓦,最大扭矩为340牛·米,为车辆提供了强劲的动力输出和卓越的驾驶性能。

综上所述,eπ008凭借其出色的设计赢得了众多车主的喜爱。正如汽车之家车主所言:“车身整体设计大气,非常耐看,看上去像30多万的车~”。这些正面评价不仅彰显了eπ008在设计上的卓越表现,也为消费者提供了更多购车的信心。

Gorgeous Turn Land Rover Range Rover Series History (First Generation)

On the History of Cars, No.10:From the initial conception, to the ROAD ROVER test drive, and finally to the original RANGE ROVER () as we know it, more than ten years have quietly flown by. By June 1970, this car series, which had a considerable influence in automobile history, finally appeared.Past Review: Click to view the 9th article — — History of Range Rover Cars (Prequel)

To some extent, it has many similarities with the earlier International Scout, Jeep Wagoneer or Bronco. They all provide better road driving performance and more comfortable interior while maintaining most of the off-road capabilities of the contemporary purebred off-road vehicles — — In other words, they are all the earliest SUV models, although no one had heard the word at that time.

But I have to say that they are quite different.

2Steel-aluminum mixed car body

Steel-aluminum mixed car body

Today’s vast majority of car fans, even today’s vast majority of Land Rover fans or riders, will probably think that the fourth-generation Range Rover, which was officially mass-produced in 2012, is the first model in the history of Range Rover to use a lot of aluminum alloy materials. However, this is not the case. The original Range Rover, which was put into production in 1970, has actually started to use aluminum alloys on a large scale.

△ The fourth generation Range Rover is the first Range Rover that uses a lot of aluminum alloy materials? No, all wet. The one behind her is.

When it comes to the whole Land Rover brand, aluminum alloy has been widely used since its birth. This was largely because it was difficult for ROVER Motor Company to buy enough steel — — In the early postwar period, Britain continued to maintain the rationing system during the war for quite a long time because of insufficient materials. At that time, there was a great gap in steel production in Britain, and because of the war, a large number of aluminum alloys, even magnesium-aluminum alloys, prepared for the aviation industry had a lot of redundancy — — Therefore, the engineers of ROVER used the magnesium-aluminum alloy body that looks extremely tall today on the original model of Land Rover, Land Rover Series I, with a steel chassis.

△ Land Rover has a long tradition of using aluminum alloy. The original Land Rover Series I was already a magnesium-aluminum alloy body with a steel chassis — — Of course, it must be said that the early Land Rover used magnesium-aluminum alloy, which was somewhat helpless.

On the other hand, this last resort has no adverse effect on Land Rover: compared with all kinds of steel that are more common in mass production vehicles, all kinds of aluminum alloys, including magnesium-aluminum alloys, are relatively low in density, so they are lighter in the same volume. At the same time, aluminum alloys are good in plasticity, easy to be processed into various shapes, excellent in strength and stronger in corrosion resistance than ordinary steel. If the supply is abundant and the price is low, aluminum alloy is simply the best choice as the body material of off-road vehicles.

△ The sectional view of the previous model of the original Range Rover, which is made of steel frame with aluminum alloy sheet metal installed outside.

Good plasticity means easy repair, light weight means that the high center of gravity of off-road vehicles can be reduced somewhat, while corrosion resistance and high strength mean more adaptability in the wild. Yes, all these are advantages. However, the premise is that the cost is not too sensational. Land Rover Series I directly uses magnesium-aluminum alloy used in the aviation industry, in fact, more because it is war surplus materials during World War II, and the price is quite low. If it is the usual material supply, the price of magnesium-aluminum alloy for aviation is simply shocking, which will definitely make Land Rover Series I become a complete luxury from such a "returning weapon".

By the time of the first generation of Range Rover, although it was no longer possible to obtain cheap materials such as aluminum-magnesium alloy by using the surplus materials of World War II, Land Rover still maintained its original tradition and used a large number of aluminum alloy materials. On the original Range Rover, except the rear door and engine compartment cover, the whole body sheet metal is made of aluminum alloy.

△ Until the Land Rover Series III in the 1970s, its body was still made entirely of aluminum alloy.

However, unlike the ordinary Land ROVER in the same period, the whole body is basically made of aluminum alloy. Because of its large body size, Range Rover used the "Safety Frame" structure that was previously used on ROVER P6 series cars (which was one of the most acclaimed and best-selling cars in Rover at that time). That is to say, the frame is mainly made of steel, and the aluminum plate is mainly used for sheet metal. Under the technical conditions at that time, this design provided better rigidity and durability, and at the same time, the characteristics of easy repair and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy were maximized.

△ The original Range Rover used the "Safety Frame" structure first used in ROVER P6 car series — — Combining the main structure of steel frame with aluminum alloy sheet metal (the picture shows ROVER 2000, the first mass production model of ROVER P6).

The steel frame of the car body was naturally designed by Range Rover’s team of engineers. In order to carry out the road test, the team of engineers added sheet metal to the trial steel frame to simply protect the occupants and internal mechanical structure of the car, and at the same time, let the trial car meet the requirements of legal road driving in the UK. However, these casual designs were recognized by the designers inside the team, so that the designer team headed by the famous British automobile designer David Bache didn’t make too many changes at all, and only perfected the headlights and front grille on the trial car, which were too simple and unsightly, and completely determined its styling design.

The shape of the original Range Rover is basically no different from that of the early test car. The designer team appreciates this shape very much, only changing the headlights and the front air intake grille.

Obviously, the judgment of the designer team headed by David Bache is completely correct. The shape of the original Range Rover is really neat and classic. Later, the second and third generation Land Rover Range Rover, as well as previous generations of Land Rover, also inherited many design elements of the original Range Rover, and have been well received by fans.

threeFrom gate three to gate five

From gate three to gate five

In the early years, the Land Rover Range Rover only had three doors, namely two side doors and a tailgate facing up and down, although the Range Rover was originally a five-seat car (of course, there are four-seat versions of the Range Rover today to provide maximum comfort for the back seat). The design of the three doors makes it as inconvenient to enter the back seat as to enter those sports cars with 2+2 seats. Moreover, the design of the three doors also makes the two side doors too big and overweight.

At the beginning of mass production, Range Rover only provided three-door models, and the design of the three-door model actually brought some inconvenience to quite a few consumers.

As a result, in order to solve this problem, in the late 1970s, some small car factories began to produce some five-door models based on the original Range Rover. One of the most famous works comes from Monteverdi, a Swiss car factory specializing in luxury cars and sports cars. This car factory began to develop a five-door Range ROVER in 1978, and the development work was greatly assisted by Rover Motor Company. The five-door Range Rover produced by this car factory — — This car is called RANGE ROVER MONTERDI— — It has been greatly welcomed by the market, which naturally makes ROVER Motor Company unable to do nothing.

After seeing this business opportunity, some third-party manufacturers began to provide five-door models based on self-modification, the most famous of which is RANGE ROVER MONTEVERDI. The development of this car itself has also been greatly assisted by Land Rover.

As a result, in 1981, the five-door version of Range ROVER made by Rover Motor Company was born. This car quickly swept the world, almost completely replacing the original three-door version of the original Range Rover in most markets. Even in some markets, ROVER Motor Company soon stopped selling the original three-door version of the original Range Rover. For example, in Britain, the three-door version of the Range Rover was no longer available since 1984.

RANGE ROVER MONTEVERDI

However, it should be noted that although the sales volume and output of the three-door original Range Rover were greatly reduced after the launch of the five-door model, in order to meet the needs of some markets, it was still produced in 1995, that is, the year when the original Range Rover stopped production, but it was only sold in a few markets such as the French market.

After determining that there is a huge demand for the five-door Range ROVER in the market, Rover also put into production its own five-door Range Rover in 1981.

In 1984, in addition to not selling the three-door version of the original Range Rover in many markets such as Britain, Range Rover began to be upgraded, and leather materials were used in cars, and automatic gearboxes could be selected to meet the needs of the market led by the United States, which hated manual gearboxes. In 1985, its interior was further changed. The instrument panel was changed into a newer style, modified from Austin Maestro, and the door interior panel was changed into a style modified from Austin Metro (with some walnut decoration).

In 1986, the appearance of the original Range Rover was changed for the first time. Since then, the most obvious distinguishing feature of the models produced is that the horizontal air intake grille has been changed.

In 1986, the appearance of Range Rover was slightly changed. The most significant change was the replacement of the front air intake grille. The original vertical air intake grille was replaced by a new horizontal plastic grille, which greatly strengthened the ability of pedestrian protection. In addition, the fog lamp (installed on the front bumper) has also become an optional configuration since then. At the same time, the installation position of the front seat is also reduced, which optimizes the ergonomic characteristics and makes the front driver and passengers more comfortable.

Two long wheelbase versions of the original Range Rover: Range Rover LSE (above) and Range Rover County LWB (below).

In order to improve the comfort of the rear passengers, in 1992, Range Rover introduced a long wheelbase version. The wheelbase of this car is 108 inches, which is 2743mm, which is 8 inches longer than that of the ordinary version — — Whether it is a three-door model or a five-door model, it adopts a wheelbase of 100 inches, that is, 2540 mm. This long wheelbase model is called "LSE" in the UK market and "County LWB" in the US market. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the standard 100-inch wheelbase version of the Range Rover chassis became the basis of the chassis discovered by the original Land Rover in 1989.

Note 2:At that time, both ROVER and Austin belonged to Austin Rover Group, so the original Range Rover used parts from Austin.

fourSuspension and control system

Continuously optimized suspension and control system

A great innovation of the original Range Rover is that it is different from all kinds of off-road vehicles using leaf springs at the same time. At the beginning of the birth of Range Rover, its suspension system — — The suspension form is very hard-core front and rear axle suspension — — Long-stroke coil springs were used, and the rear axle even adopted the design of separating the machine spring, which was extremely rare at that time, to provide good off-road performance and highway driving comfort at the same time.

The original Range Rover took the lead in adopting long-stroke spiral springs among similar models, which gave it quite good off-road performance.

Of course, at that time, this design caused many off-road enthusiasts to question, but the first generation of Range Rover immediately proved itself through off-road performance, and when many years later, other off-road vehicles began to introduce this design on a large scale to provide a larger suspension stroke, the advanced nature of this design was once again proved.

At the same time, it also has the road driving comfort without losing the contemporary family car.

However, the chassis of the original Range Rover can’t be said to be perfect. One disadvantage brought by this set of very soft long-stroke spiral springs (although each of them has a bearing capacity of 1600 pounds) is that the Range Rover will roll when turning at high speed on the highway. Because of this problem, the suspension stroke of the original Range Rover produced in 1980 was reduced by 20mm to improve the stability when driving on the road. Later, the anti-roll bar was added to further improve this performance.

On top of the original Range Rover of the 1993 model released at the end of 1992, it was further equipped with an air suspension system that was almost impossible to see in off-road vehicles at that time — — The air suspension system was first used on large trucks, and in the early 1990s, a few luxury cars began to be used — — At the same time, the road performance and off-road performance are improved.

fivepower-driven system

power-driven system

At the beginning of its publication in June, 1970, the original Range Rover model had only one power unit to choose from. The ROVER V8 engine with a displacement of 3.5L (maximum power of 135ps) was equipped with a 4-speed manual transmission and a full-time four-wheel drive system. This power plant can accelerate the original Range Rover to 100km/h in 15 seconds, and the top speed can reach more than 150 km/h.. Of course, this is not worth mentioning at all today, and it can even be said that it is very bad. However, when it was published in 1970, this performance had completely surpassed the vast majority of family cars in Europe at that time.

3.5L displacement ROVER V8 engine used in the early days of the original Range Rover.

Coupled with the excellent off-road performance and ride comfort of the original Range ROVER model, Rover Motor Company promoted it as "A Car For All Reasons", which is indeed true. In the product cycle of a quarter century, its power has naturally been upgraded: in 1982, a 3-speed automatic gearbox from was added; In 1985, this 3-speed automatic transmission was replaced by a more advanced ZF 4-speed automatic transmission. The 4-speed manual gearbox is gradually replaced by the 5-speed manual gearbox.

At the beginning of publication, the original Range Rover only provided 4MT gearbox.

As for the engine, in 1986, the Zenith-Stromberg carburetor was replaced by the electronic fuel injection system provided by Lucas, which improved the power output, fuel efficiency and emission performance. Since then, with the change of time, its electronic fuel injection system has been improved, and in the final version produced in 1990-1995, it has been updated to Lucas 14CUX. However, in relatively backward and hard areas, Range Rover continues to provide a carburetor-supplied version. In the later carburetor version, the carburetor was changed from the original Zenith-Stromberg carburetor to the version provided by Skinners Union.

The combination of 3.5L V8 engine and +4MT gearbox can make the early model of the original Range Rover complete 0-100km/h acceleration in 15 seconds, and the top speed is more than 150 km/h.

In addition, the displacement of the later Range Rover is also different. In 1990, the displacement of the original Range Rover was expanded to 3.9L, and in 1992 it was further expanded to 4.2L. The acceleration time from 0-100km/h has been shortened to 11 seconds, and the top speed has been increased to about 180km/h for the later models using the ROVER V8 engine with 4.2L displacement and the 4-speed automatic gearbox made by ZF.

In 1990, the engine displacement of the gasoline version of the original Range Rover was increased to 3.9L

Of course, as an off-road vehicle, besides gasoline power, a diesel engine is also essential. Since 1979, ROVER and Perkins have cooperated to implement a project called "Iceberg" (meaning "iceberg"). This project aims to develop a diesel version of the 3.5L V8 engine. At that time, two diesel engines based on 3.5L ROVER V8 were developed, which were naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions.

The 3.9L engine of the original Range Rover produced in 1990-1992.

However, because the diesel engine operates in a compression ignition mode different from that of the gasoline engine, the all-aluminum cylinder block of ROVER V8 — — The early all-aluminum engine strength was not so good — — Can’t bear this high pressure for a long time, so the project failed. However, the efforts to develop the diesel version of ROVER V8 engine were not completely in vain. The 4.2L displacement version of ROVER V8 gasoline engine mentioned earlier used the high-strength crankshaft developed for the "Iceberg" project at that time.

△ The acceleration time from 0-100km/h of the last gasoline version of the original Range Rover has been reduced to 11 seconds, and the top speed has reached about 180 km/h.

After the failure of the "Iceberg" project, ROVER did not give up his efforts to match a diesel engine for the original Range Rover, and finally this wish was realized by outsourcing the engine. Since 1986, Range Rover has produced a practical 2.4L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine provided by VM Motori, an Italian diesel engine manufacturer. The models equipped with this engine are mainly aimed at several European countries with high emission taxes. In 1989, the diesel engine of the original Range Rover was updated to a 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine also provided by VM Motori.

Not long after that, in 1992, the diesel engine developed by Land Rover, that is, the 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged 200Tdi engine, was put on the original Range Rover, and then it was replaced by the newer 300Tdi engine with the same 2.5L inline four-cylinder turbocharged at the end of 1994.

However, although diesel engines are an indispensable option for off-road vehicles, the markets including Britain did not recognize these diesel vehicles at first — — Obviously, the quieter and smoother V8 gasoline engine sounds more trustworthy — — In order to prove the capability of diesel engine models, Land Rover broke several records in 1987: they used a Range Rover with a 2.4L inline four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine provided by VM Motori to drive continuously for 24 hours at a speed of over 160km/h to prove the performance and reliability of diesel vehicles.

sixA quarter-century classic

A quarter-century classic

As the beginning of Range Rover, the original Range Rover has been marketed all over the world for a quarter of a century. It can be said that with its forward-looking design, this model did not fall behind in the same period until it was delisted. The first use of long-stroke coil springs and air springs, the continuous improvement of suspension and power system, and the first attempt of luxury models and long-wheelbase versions have made this car a pioneer in many fields.

The original Range Rover, the previous model, three-door version.

However, the story of the original Range Rover is not just that. Because of its good reliability and excellent design rationality, this car has been transformed into a multi-purpose work car including ambulances and fire engines by many manufacturers, and it can be said to be the most SUV of its generation from all angles. Well, once again, at the beginning of the birth of Range Rover, there was no such word, and the original Range Rover was undoubtedly one of the models that defined the word.

Original Land Rover Range Rover, later version, five-door model.

Due to the changes of the times, the development of technology and the changes of consumers’ preferences, there may never be a Range Rover that can achieve such great success in so many fields again. Yes, maybe that’s why the original Range Rover is often called RANGE ROVER Classic. She is really such a classic.

After being swallowed by natural enemies, this animal can retrograde in its stomach! It’s too bad

What will happen if an animal is swallowed raw?
The seal said that this question is not funny.
In late September, in the waters near Ana cortese, Washington, a whale-watching naturalist took an unusual photo: a humpback whale was swallowing fish, and a bewildered seal was mixed in its mouth.

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Fortunately, seals are not a big problem, because whales can’t swallow a seal. Large whales like humpback whales, despite their huge mouths, can "eat".(lunge feeding)Intake a lot of small fish and water at one time,But their throats are only the size of grapefruit, which is far from enough to swallow prey much bigger than small fish.
The reason for being swallowed by mistake is very simple. When whales open their mouths to prey on small fish or krill, seals often feed in the same water area. If the seals get too close at this time, they may be caught in the whale’s mouth by mistake. As a result, because the whales can’t swallow, they can only spit out the seals from their mouths by repeatedly opening and closing their mouths.
The fate of seals is good. Those who are really swallowed want to live, so they have to find another way out, such as being bitten by Odontobutis.(Odontobutis potamophila)Swallowed Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica).

The "Meeting" between Odontobutis sinensis and Anguilla japonica

Japanese eels have a complex life cycle, their eggs hatch in the ocean, and their larvae are called willow eels.(leptocephali)The shape is slender and almost transparent. These larvae drift westward through the northern equatorial current, and then reach the coastal areas of East Asia by the Kuroshio current. This process lasts about 110 to 160 days, and then the larvae will become glass eels.(glass eels), gradually into the estuary and fresh water.
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Glass eels. Image source: Joe Reynolds
When the glass eel enters the river, it will stay in fresh water for 5 to 10 years. When it enters the yellow eel stage, it gradually grows and adapts to different habitats, mainly feeding on shrimp, insects and small fish. With the change of river environment, eels will migrate to different areas, such as estuaries, lakes or the upper reaches of rivers; When eels mature, they will begin to migrate to the deep Pacific Ocean in autumn to complete the breeding task.
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Eel. Image source: global seafood
Eels enter the ocean in the larval stage (glass eel and yellow eel stage). During this long journey, they will face survival challenges brought by various predators. One of them is Odontobutis sinensis, an East Asian freshwater fish.The prey is swallowed into the stomach together with the surrounding water mainly by fast sucking, which is especially effective for smaller organisms (such as Japanese eel larvae).
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Odontobutis sinensis Image source: Wikipedia
This seems to be an end moment. For most prey, entering the predator’s stomach means inevitable death. However, this time, the story did not end as expected.

The survival rate of small eels is as high as 69%

In order to observe how small eels escape from the stomach of predators, and how eels can survive tenaciously and try to escape after being swallowed by Odontobutis sinensis, Japanese eel larvae raised in the laboratory were used in the experiment. The average length of these eels was 68.1 6.0 mm (n = 104), and that of Odontobutis sinensis, a predator, was 145.4 15.6 mm (n =
The research team willBarium sulfate injectionThe Japanese eel larvae raised in the laboratory can be clearly captured by X-rays, and then the eel is put into the experimental water tank together with the "predator" Shatangyu, and the story begins.
Under X-ray, scientists found that the swallowed eels did not wait for death. They began to act in reverse, trying to swim back from the predator’s esophagus and looking for an exit. And at this time,Eels show their unique ability to escape: they can pass through the esophagus, put their tails into the gills of predators and gradually withdraw from the gills.
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The swallowed eel has a tail in the white circle and a head in the black circle. Image source: references[1]
In the experiment, 32 eels were swallowed by predators, among which 13 eels successfully put their tails out of the gills, and 9 eels completed the whole escape process. This process is full of thrills and struggles, like an ultimate life-and-death competition.For those eels that successfully stick their tails out of their gills, their survival rate is as high as 69%.
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The gills of Odontobutis sinensis were drilled from the tail of eel. Image source: references[1]
Scientists marvel at the complexity of this anti-predation strategy. They found that some eels move in a circle along the stomach wall after completely entering the stomach of predators, as if they were looking for potential escape paths everywhere.The secret of escape may lie in the body structure and swallowing order of eels.Snakeheads usually swallow their prey head forward, and eels’ tails are often left near the esophagus, which gives them a chance to escape first.
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X-ray images and schematic diagrams. Figure B: The eel tail has been inserted into the predator’s esophagus, and the X-ray image clearly shows the position of the eel in the predator’s digestive tract. C: The eel tail begins to pass through the gill slits of predators, which is very important. Figure D: The eel pulls its head out of the predator’s gill, which indicates that the escape process is about to be completed. E: Eels swim around the stomach, showing an "exploratory" behavior, looking for possible escape paths. Image source: references[1]

Not only that,The experiment also revealed that eels need to respond as soon as possible in acidic and anoxic stomach environment.Once an eel enters a predator’s stomach, it can only live for about 211.9 seconds on average. Time is running out, and the boundary between life and death can often be decided in a few minutes.


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Eels still have to struggle to find a way out, and for "fart bugs", being eaten by toads only needs to fart.

Yefart beetle "spits fire" in the stomach.

Similar to the above experiment (without X-ray), the object of this experiment is the beetle.(Pheropsophus kimaniae)。Once the beetle is swallowed by the toad, it won’t wait for its fate quietly, but it will launch a wonderful self-rescue operation:Yefart beetleIt will release a high-temperature chemical spray, which can not only protect itself, but also make toad feel severe discomfort.

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Yeah, it’s a fart. Image source: Wikipedia

With a faint explosion, toad realized that he had made a mistake. In the next few minutes, toad tried to endure the stimulation of his stomach and had to make a shocking choice-vomiting.
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Toad. Image source: references[2]

The success rate of the "fart bug" escape from life and death is not completely random. The study found that,The bigger the beetle is, the more chemicals it releases, and the higher the chance of escape.For toads, the smaller they are, the lower their chemical tolerance, so they are more likely to spit out beetles.

It can be said that this is a contest between "big" and "small": the little toad can’t bear the chemical counterattack of the beetle, while the big beetle has a greater chance to escape calmly. Finally, if you are eaten, don’t panic, there will always be a way out, provided that you are completely swallowed raw …

references

[1]Hasegawa Y, Mine K, Hirasaka K, et al. How Japanese eels escape from the stomach of a predatory fish[J]. Current Biology, 2024, 34(17): R812-R813.

[2]Sugiura S, Sato T. Successful escape of bombardier beetles from predator digestive systems[J]. Biology Letters, 2018, 14(2): 20170647.?