The animated film Family Fun, which will be released nationwide on August 10th, today exposed a set of exquisite and childlike concept maps, showing us the original appearance of gourmet rivers and lakes in the creative stage. Bao Qiang and Musashi, the protagonists, accidentally broke into the "Gourmet Xanadu" and put on a dreamy coat under the creator’s brush, which made this appetite-filled adventure highly anticipated.

　

Popular IP brand new upgrade amazing appetite system painting style won the first choice for parent-child file viewing.

　

In the concept map of this exposure, the mysterious forest, spectacular shell hall, fairy steamer pavilion, fleet sailing under the stars, lush summer beach and other pictures in the food world open an imaginative childlike world for the audience. The animated film "The Heroic Stewed Food Adventure" is based on the popular cartoons created by David. The interesting experience brought by the collision between "food" and "Kung Fu Adventure" makes it deeply loved by children and parents, and it is still a necessary animation for everyone to eat.

　

The film version, which will be released nationwide on August 10th, gives full play to its own advantages: the improved cartoon image is more cute and delicious, the delicious pictures that increase people’s appetite, the well-designed action fights and the mature world outlook all make the film have high quality and high completion, which can be said to be a brand-new upgrade on the basis of the original. The exquisite and eye-catching pictures in each frame escort Bao Qiang and his friends on this adventure full of surprises and unknowns. Such high-quality films are naturally the first choice for parent-child movies during the summer vacation.

　

Open the children’s omnipotent imagination, teach and take risks in a new world.

　

In the world of Gourmet Adventure, cute steamed stuffed bun teenagers can dream of punishing evil and promoting good, cold sushi hides unfathomable kung fu, and chicken soup that can heal the soul after drinking. Every grass and tree is a fragrant world of food. All the wonderful imaginations are allowed here, and nothing is impossible, which provides a world for children’s whimsy to fly.

　

While soaring in the starry sky of imagination, this animation does not forget to transmit more simple and easy-to-understand truths to children: "Everyone can be a hero", "It is never too late to correct mistakes" and "Accept differences, this world is colorful" throughout the whole journey, so that children can be guided by the correct values in a relaxed and happy viewing atmosphere and create a beautiful adventure memory for parents and children. An excellent animation should take into account the enjoyment of watching movies in many aspects, such as vision, hearing and even taste, as well as the social value generated by its educational significance.

Smoke billowed from the chimney. Zhang Xinyan’s information

　　　　　　　　On June 1st, the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Tort Liability Disputes (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation) was issued. There are 19 articles in the Interpretation, which mainly include: the principle of imputation and the reasons for exemption; The responsibility of several people to discharge pollutants; Liability for environmental pollution caused by the fault of the third party; Distribution of burden of proof; Provisions on evidence; Evidence preservation; The responsibility of the polluter; Responsibilities of relevant environmental service agencies; Scope of application and limitation of action.

　　　　　　　　What are the highlights of the Interpretation and what impact will it bring? The reporter interviewed Sun Youhai, former deputy director of the Supreme People’s Court Research Office, now professor of Tianjin University and dean of law school on these issues.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsWhat is the imputation principle of environmental pollution tort liability in the Interpretation?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe essence of Article 1 of the Interpretation is whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution. In practice, there are two opinions on whether legal sewage discharge bears the tort liability of environmental pollution.

　　　　　　　　One view is that in the past, some laws regarded "illegality" as one of the constitutive requirements of environmental pollution responsibility, so it should be adhered to. Another view is that Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law does not distinguish whether pollutants are discharged legally, but whether the polluter is at fault or not, and the polluter shall bear tort liability. In other words, even if the pollutant discharge behavior of the polluter meets the requirements of national or local pollutant discharge standards, it shall bear tort liability as long as it causes damage.

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation adheres to the "no-fault principle", that is, no matter whether the polluter is subjectively "intentional" about the pollutants discharged, as long as it discharges pollutants and causes damage, it should bear civil liability. This is the inevitable result of the development of international environmental law and the concrete embodiment of the development of China’s environmental law. According to this provision, the people’s court will not support the claim that the polluter does not assume responsibility on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards.

　　　　　　　　There are also many cases for reference in trial practice. For example, the People’s Court of Longtan District, Jilin City (2004) Long Min Yi Chu Zi No.1377 case.

　　　　　　　　The defendant is a chemical enterprise that produces sulfuric acid, and the vineyard planted by Wang is nearby. Wang sued the court for the defendant’s discharge of sulfur dioxide, which caused his grapes to be reduced due to pollution, while the defendant argued that it was a discharge unit that reached the standard through special environmental impact assessment.

　　　　　　　　The court held that the national or local pollutant discharge standards are only the basis for the environmental protection department to decide whether the pollutant discharge unit needs to pay sewage charges and carry out environmental management, rather than the boundary for determining whether the pollutant discharge unit is liable for compensation. The legal discharge of pollutants by enterprises may also lead to dangerous results of damage to others, and there should be relief if there is damage. The Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution does not regard illegality as a necessary condition for the actor to bear civil liability, which shows that the constitution of environmental civil liability does not require the actor’s behavior to be illegal.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow should several polluters bear the responsibility for causing damage by polluting the environment?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiSeveral polluters commit environmental pollution, including two situations: first, several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution; Second, several polluters commit environmental pollution behaviors respectively. Articles 2 and 3 of this Interpretation respectively stipulate these two situations.

　　　　　　　　First, if several polluters jointly commit environmental pollution and cause damage to the infringed, they shall be jointly and severally liable in accordance with Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　Second, if several polluters respectively commit environmental pollution and cause the same damage, the Interpretation stipulates that three situations should be distinguished.

　　　　　　　　It should be noted that Articles 2 and 3 of the Interpretation stipulate how several polluters should be held responsible for the damage caused by environmental pollution. If it is necessary to determine how to share the responsibility among several polluters, the provisions of Article 4 of the Interpretation shall apply.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to bear the responsibility for environmental pollution damage caused by the fault of the third party?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiIn practice, some environmental pollution behaviors are caused by the fault of a third person other than the polluter and the infringed. In this case, in order to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of the infringed, Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law stipulates that the infringed may choose to request the polluter or a third party to compensate.

　　　　　　　　However, the Tort Liability Law does not clarify the litigation status of the polluter and the third party. If the polluter is also at fault for polluting the environment, how should the third party bear the responsibility and whether the polluter can claim to reduce or exempt the responsibility on the grounds of the third party’s fault. To this end, the fifth article of this Interpretation stipulates three aspects.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsThe Interpretation stipulates the burden of proof of the infringer and the polluter respectively. How should the parties give evidence?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 6 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of the infringed, which is based on Article 64 of the Civil Procedure Law. In practice, there is no dispute that the infringed should bear the burden of proof for the pollution behavior and the damage facts. However, there are two opinions on whether the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage results.

　　　　　　　　One view is that according to Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law, the principle of inversion of the burden of proof of causality applies to environmental pollution liability disputes, and the polluter should bear the burden of proof for the absence of causality, and the infringed should not bear any burden of proof for causality; Another view is that the infringed should submit preliminary proof materials on the correlation between pollution behavior and damage. After research, the second opinion was adopted.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 of the Interpretation is about the burden of proof of polluters, which is based on the provisions of Article 66 of the Tort Liability Law. According to Article 66 of Tort Liability Law, polluters should bear the burden of proof that there is no causal relationship between behavior and damage. However, under what circumstances, the people’s court can determine that the polluter has completed the burden of proof, which is not clearly stipulated in the law and has different practices in practice. After repeated research, Article 7 of the Interpretation stipulates four situations.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsIt is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in some cases. How should we deal with it?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe trial of civil cases of environmental pollution often involves specialized issues such as pollutant identification, loss assessment, causal relationship identification, etc., and the judicial appraisal institution needs to issue appraisal opinions. However, at present, there are few institutions with environmental pollution appraisal qualifications, long appraisal period and high cost, which are difficult to meet the practical needs of handling cases.

　　　　　　　　In view of this, the Interpretation refers to the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Environmental Pollution, which clearly stipulates that if it is difficult to determine the specificity of environmental pollution involved in the case, it may entrust a judicial appraisal institution with relevant qualifications to issue an appraisal opinion or an institution recommended by the environmental protection department of the State Council to issue an inspection, testing or monitoring report.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to play an expert role in the trial of environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiEnvironmental tort liability disputes involve many technical and professional issues, and the parties often can’t meet the needs of litigation according to their own knowledge. Judges and litigation agents entrusted by the parties are generally expert in law, but they are not necessarily clear about the technical problems in the facts of the case.

　　　　　　　　In order to fully protect the litigation rights of the parties, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and help the judge to judge in the middle and correctly identify the facts, the Interpretation clearly stipulates the procedures and functions of people with specialized knowledge to appear in court according to Article 79 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　First, the procedure for people with specialized knowledge to appear in court. If it is necessary for a person with specialized knowledge to appear in court, the parties concerned shall apply to the people’s court and explain the reasons. If a party fails to apply, the people’s court may explain it to him if it deems it necessary;

　　　　　　　　Second, the role of people with specialized knowledge in court. People with specialized knowledge appear in court, mainly to give opinions on expert opinions or professional issues such as pollutant identification, damage consequences and causality. Moreover, the opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What civil liabilities should the polluter bear in environmental tort liability disputes?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiAccording to Article 15 of Tort Liability Law, the main ways to bear tort liability are: stop the infringement; Remove obstacles; Eliminate danger; Return property; Restore to the original state; Compensation for losses; Apologize; 8 kinds, such as eliminating influence and restoring reputation. Among them, "returning property" belongs to the typical right of claim, and "eliminating influence and restoring reputation" belongs to the typical category of personality right. According to the characteristics of environmental damage, returning property, eliminating influence and restoring reputation generally do not apply to environmental tort liability disputes.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Interpretation stipulates that the people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringed person and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Among them, "restitution" mainly requires the infringer to bear the responsibility of pollution control and ecological restoration, including in-situ restoration and off-site restoration. If the infringer fails to control or repair or is unable to control or repair, the people’s court may entrust the relevant unit to perform it on his behalf, and the expenses shall be borne by the polluter. "Compensation for losses" includes the property loss and personal loss caused by the infringed party’s pollution behavior and the expenses incurred by necessary and reasonable measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminate pollution.

　　　　　　　　China environmental news: What responsibilities should environmental service agencies bear?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiArticle 65 of the Environmental Protection Law stipulates that environmental impact assessment institutions, environmental monitoring institutions and institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment and pollution prevention facilities, if they resort to deception in relevant environmental service activities and are responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage, they shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and shall also be jointly and severally liable with other persons responsible for environmental pollution and ecological damage.

　　　　　　　　In order to enhance the practical operation of this article and unify the applicable standards of the law, Article 16 of the Interpretation stipulates that if one of the circumstances is met, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　China environmental newsHow to understand the relationship between the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases?

　　　　　　　　Sun youhaiThe newly revised Civil Procedure Law and Environmental Protection Law both stipulate environmental civil public interest litigation and private interest litigation. These two types of litigation have commonalities in ascertaining the facts of the case and taking responsibility, while public interest litigation is different from private interest litigation in the aspects of litigation subject, litigation purpose and litigation request.

　　　　　　　　To this end, the Supreme People’s Court drafted the Interpretation and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation Cases. Among them, the Interpretation applies not only to environmental civil public interest litigation, but also to environmental civil private interest litigation, stipulates the general rules applicable to both types of litigation, and focuses on regulating substantive issues such as how polluters bear responsibility; The Interpretation of Environmental Public Interest Litigation only provides special rules applicable to public interest litigation, focusing on standardizing procedural issues such as parties and jurisdiction of environmental public interest litigation.

What impact does the Interpretation bring?

　　　　　　　　1. To the people’s court

　　　　　　　　In view of the problems existing in the environmental trial, the Interpretation clarifies the boundaries of civil liability that all relevant subjects should bear, which will greatly improve the quality and effectiveness of the trial and help improve the judicial credibility.

　　　　　　　　2. To the environmental protection department

　　　　　　　　In the process of drafting the Interpretation, the opinions of the competent department of environmental protection were fully solicited, and the relationship between the trial work of the people’s court and the administrative management of the competent department of environmental protection was clarified, which greatly reduced the pressure of letters and visits to environmental protection, and was bound to help improve the work efficiency of the competent department of environmental protection.

　　　　　　　　3. For polluters

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the polluter’s no-fault principle for his own pollution behavior, and also clarifies how to bear the burden of proof when several polluters commit environmental pollution and a third person causes damage. Therefore, it will play a positive role in distinguishing right from wrong and distinguishing responsibilities, thus increasing the compensation of polluters and promoting environmental improvement.

　　　　　　　　4. For pollution victims

　　　　　　　　The Interpretation clarifies the responsibilities of relevant subjects such as polluters, polluters and victims, and between them and third parties, which greatly facilitates polluters to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law. At the same time, it also clarifies some of the burden of proof that pollution victims should bear, which is objectively conducive to preventing the occurrence of indiscriminate complaints.

　　　　　　　　5. Environmental service agencies

　　　　　　　　In order to implement the new environmental protection law, the Interpretation clearly stipulates that environmental service agencies shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation for fraud that may occur in their service work. This will objectively promote them to improve their integrity and do their due diligence in environmental services within their own scope according to law.

Attached to the original interpretation:

　　　　　　　　In order to correctly hear environmental tort liability disputes, this interpretation is formulated in accordance with the provisions of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tort Liability Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Civil Procedure Law and other laws, combined with trial practice.

　　　　　　　　the first No matter whether the polluter is at fault or not, the polluter shall bear tort liability for damage caused by environmental pollution. The people’s court shall not support the claim that the polluter is not liable on the grounds that the discharge of pollutants meets the national or local pollutant discharge standards..

　　　　　　　　Where the polluter does not bear the responsibility or reduces the responsibility, the provisions of the marine environmental protection law, the water pollution prevention law, the air pollution prevention law and other separate laws on environmental protection shall apply; Where there are no provisions in the specific law on environmental protection, the provisions of the Tort Liability Law shall apply.

　　　　　　　　the second If two or more polluters jointly commit pollution acts and cause damage, and the infringed party requests the polluters to bear joint liability according to Article 8 of the Tort Liability Law, the people’s court shall support it.

　　　　　　　　Article If two or more polluters commit pollution acts separately and cause the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is enough to cause all damage, the people’s court shall support the infringer’s request that the polluters bear joint liability according to Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case that two or more polluters have committed pollution acts respectively, causing the same damage, and each polluter’s pollution act is not enough to cause all the damage, and the infringed party requests the polluter to bear the responsibility according to Article 12 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall support the case where two or more polluters respectively commit pollution acts that cause the same damage, and some polluters’ pollution acts are enough to cause all the damage, while some polluters’ pollution acts only cause part of the damage. In accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the Tort Liability Law, the infringed party requests the polluter that causes all the damage and other polluters to bear joint and several liability for all the damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 4 The people’s court shall determine the extent to which two or more polluters are responsible for polluting the environment according to the types, emissions, harmfulness of pollutants, whether there is a discharge permit, whether it exceeds the pollutant discharge standard, whether it exceeds the total discharge control index of key pollutants and other factors.

　　　　　　　　Article 5 The people’s court shall accept the case where the infringer sued the polluter and the third party separately or simultaneously according to the provisions of Article 68 of the Tort Liability Law.

　　　　　　　　If the infringed party requests the third party to bear the liability for compensation, the people’s court shall determine the corresponding liability for compensation according to the degree of the third party’s fault.

　　　　　　　　The people’s court shall not support the polluter’s claim that he will not bear the responsibility or reduce the responsibility on the grounds that the fault of a third party has caused damage to the environment.

　　　　　　　　Article 6 Where the infringed party requests compensation according to Article 65 of the Tort Liability Law, it shall provide evidence to prove the following facts:

　　　　　　　　(1) The polluter has discharged pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(2) the damage caused by the infringer;

　　　　　　　　(3) There is a correlation between pollutants discharged by polluters or secondary pollutants and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 7 If the polluter proves one of the following circumstances, the people’s court shall determine that there is no causal relationship between the pollution behavior and the damage:

　　　　　　　　(a) the discharged pollutants did not cause the damage;

　　　　　　　　(2) The discharged pollutants that can cause the damage have not reached the place where the damage occurred;

　　　　　　　　(three) the damage occurred before the discharge of pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(4) Other circumstances in which it can be determined that there is no causal relationship between pollution behavior and damage.

　　　　　　　　Article 8 For the specialized problem of finding out the facts of environmental pollution cases, you can entrust a judicial authentication institution with relevant qualifications to issue an expert opinion or an institution recommended by the competent department of environmental protection of the State Council to issue an inspection report, test report, evaluation report or monitoring data.

　　　　　　　　Article 9 If a party applies to notify one or two persons with specialized knowledge to appear in court and put forward opinions on expert opinions, pollutant identification, damage results, causality and other professional issues, the people’s court may grant permission. If the parties fail to apply, the people’s court may interpret it if it deems it necessary.

　　　　　　　　The opinions put forward by people with specialized knowledge in court can be used as the basis for ascertaining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 10 The investigation report, inspection report, inspection report, evaluation report or monitoring data of environmental pollution incidents issued by the department responsible for environmental protection supervision and management or the agency entrusted by it can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case after cross-examination by the parties.

　　　　　　　　Article 11 For sudden or short-lasting environmental pollution, if the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain later, the people’s court shall allow the parties or interested parties to apply for evidence preservation in accordance with the provisions of Article 81 of the Civil Procedure Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 12 If the respondent has one of the circumstances stipulated in Article 63 of the Environmental Protection Law, and the parties or interested parties apply for preservation according to Article 100 or Article 101 of the Civil Procedure Law, the people’s court may order the respondent to immediately stop the infringement or take pollution prevention measures.

　　　　　　　　Article 13 The people’s court shall reasonably determine that the polluter shall bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, removing the obstruction, eliminating the danger, restoring to the original state, apologizing and compensating for the losses according to the claim of the infringer and the specific case.

　　　　　　　　Article 14 If the infringer requests restitution, the people’s court may judge the polluter to bear the responsibility of environmental restoration according to law, and at the same time determine the environmental restoration expenses that the defendant should bear when he fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration.

　　　　　　　　If the polluter fails to perform the obligation of environmental restoration within the time limit determined by the effective judgment, the people’s court may entrust others to carry out environmental restoration, and the expenses required shall be borne by the polluter.

　　　　　　　　Article 15 The people’s court shall support the infringer in suing the polluter for compensation for property losses and personal injuries caused by pollution and the reasonable expenses incurred by taking necessary measures to prevent pollution from expanding and eliminating pollution.

　　　　　　　　Article 16 Under any of the following circumstances, it shall be deemed as fraud as stipulated in Article 65 of the Environmental Protection Law:

　　　　　　　　(a) the environmental impact assessment agency issued a seriously inaccurate evaluation document knowing that the materials provided by the client were false;

　　　　　　　　(two) environmental monitoring institutions or institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of environmental monitoring equipment deliberately conceal the fact that the client has exceeded the pollutant discharge standards or exceeded the total emission control indicators of key pollutants;

　　　　　　　　(3) Institutions engaged in the maintenance and operation of pollution prevention facilities intentionally fail to operate or abnormally operate environmental monitoring equipment or pollution prevention facilities;

　　　　　　　　(four) other cases of fraud in the environmental service activities of the relevant institutions.

　　　　　　　　Article 17 Where the infringer brings a lawsuit and requests the polluter to stop the infringement, remove the obstruction and eliminate the danger, it is not subject to the limitation period stipulated in Article 66 of the Environmental Protection Law.

　　　　　　　　Article 18 This interpretation is applicable to the trial of civil cases that cause damage due to environmental pollution and ecological destruction, except as otherwise provided by laws and judicial interpretations for environmental civil public interest litigation cases.

　　　　　　　　This interpretation does not apply to disputes over adjacent pollution infringement and disputes over workers’ pollution damage in their professional activities.

　　　　　　　　Article 19 After the implementation of this interpretation, the provisions of this interpretation shall apply to cases of first and second instance that have not been concluded by the people’s courts. This interpretation does not apply to cases that have already made effective judgments before the implementation of this interpretation, and if they are retried according to law after the implementation of this interpretation.

　　　　　　　　After the implementation of this interpretation, if the judicial interpretation previously promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court is inconsistent with this interpretation, it will no longer apply.　 　 　　

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of rural revitalization and "accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas". The modernization of agriculture is related to the overall situation of building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a socialist modern power. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that without agricultural modernization, rural prosperity and prosperity, and farmers living and working in peace and contentment, national modernization is incomplete, incomplete and unstable. He also stressed that the fundamental solution to the problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers lies in deepening reform and taking the road of modern agriculture with China characteristics.

The road to modern agriculture with China characteristics must conform to the reality of agricultural development, maintain the true nature of socialist agriculture and have China characteristics. This "characteristic" is mainly reflected in the following aspects.

First, it should conform to the situation and conditions of China’s agricultural and rural development. Since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in China’s agricultural base, production conditions and production methods, but at present, problems such as a large proportion of agricultural population and a low overall level of agricultural productivity still exist. China has a large agricultural population and lacks rich agricultural resources, so it is impossible to copy the large-scale and large-scale farming model in Europe and America. Modern agriculture with China characteristics is not "Europeanization", but on the basis of household contract management, under the comprehensive effect of market mechanism and government regulation, with the goal of ensuring the supply of agricultural products, increasing farmers’ income and promoting sustainable development; With the support of modern technology and equipment, we will improve agricultural labor productivity, resource output rate and commodity rate, and build a diversified industrial form and multi-functional industrial system that closely connects agriculture, industry and commerce, and integrates production and marketing.

Second, we must adhere to collective ownership and keep the socialist nature of rural agriculture unchanged. China is a socialist country. The development of modern agriculture with China characteristics must obey the general direction and general layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, not only follow the general law of agricultural modernization, but also base itself on the reality of China, and adhere to the socialist nature and embody the characteristics of China. In terms of rural land system, we should adhere to the nature of collective ownership of rural land unchanged; In terms of agricultural management system, it is necessary to adhere to and improve the "separation of three powers" of land ownership, contracting rights and management rights.

Third, we must adhere to the socialist distribution system of common prosperity. The process of agricultural modernization is a process of material wealth production and a process of interest distribution. In this process, China’s distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting, giving overall consideration to getting rich first and sharing wealth, efficiency and fairness, should be reflected in the distribution process of agriculture and rural areas. Agricultural modernization should embody the unity of efficiency and fairness, and realize farmers’ modernization and all-round modernization. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly emphasized, "The key to a well-off society is to look at fellow villagers" and "no one can fall behind on the road to a well-off society".

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to accelerate the construction of modern agriculture, take the lead in realizing agricultural modernization in some areas, focus on three key points of accelerating the construction of modern agricultural industrial system, modern agricultural production system and modern agricultural management system, accelerate the adjustment of agricultural structure, strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure and technical equipment, and accelerate the cultivation of new agricultural management entities. "Several Opinions on Deepening Rural Reform in an All-round Way and Accelerating Agricultural Modernization" requires that we should strive to embark on a new road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics with advanced production technology, moderate scale of operation, strong market competitiveness and sustainable ecological environment. To accelerate the construction of modern agriculture, we can focus on the following six aspects.

First, we should promote the marketization of agriculture. Modern agriculture is a highly commercialized market-oriented industry. Compared with traditional agriculture, modern agriculture is mainly produced for the market, with high commodity rate, perfect market system and modern circulation system of agricultural products. To promote agricultural marketization, it is necessary to organize farmers, enter domestic and foreign markets, and improve the market competitiveness and market share of agricultural products. At present, in view of the problem that China’s agriculture has changed from insufficient aggregate to structural contradiction, we should take the structural reform of agricultural supply side as the main line of agricultural and rural work, focus on optimizing agricultural products, cultivate new kinetic energy for agricultural and rural development, and take the green development of agriculture as the main direction of structural reform of agricultural supply side.

The second is to operate on a moderate scale. Due to the characteristics of high technology content, high production efficiency and strong production capacity, the development of modern agriculture must take the road of moderate scale operation to meet the requirements of fierce competition in the agricultural market. "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Implementing the Strategy of Rural Revitalization" proposes to implement the cultivation project of new agricultural business entities, cultivate and develop family farms, cooperatives, leading enterprises, socialized service organizations and agricultural industrialization consortia, and develop various forms of moderate scale operations.

The third is to develop ecological agriculture. Modern agriculture is also ecological agriculture. It is a modern agricultural development model that uses modern science and technology and management means to intensively manage and obtain higher economic, ecological and social benefits. Faced with the serious problems such as the tight restriction of agricultural resources in China and the pollution of rural agricultural ecological environment, it is very important to develop the idea of "efficient ecological agriculture" and the development concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets". Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the promotion of socialist ecological civilization and the construction of beautiful China and beautiful countryside, the development of ecological agriculture has ushered in a period of strategic opportunities.

The fourth is to implement science and technology to promote agriculture. Agricultural modernization and the development of modern agriculture need the support of modern agricultural science and technology. Science and technology are productive forces, and modern agriculture is supported by advanced agricultural technologies such as water, electricity, agricultural film, fertilizer, pesticides, improved varieties and agricultural machinery. The development of modern agriculture cannot be separated from agricultural science and technology. In November, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to insert the wings of science and technology into agriculture, promote the integration of agricultural technology, mechanization of labor process, informationization of production and operation, legalization of safety and environmental protection, and accelerate the construction of a technical system that meets the requirements of high-yield, high-quality, efficient, ecological and safe agricultural development in accordance with the principles of paying equal attention to increasing production and increasing efficiency, supporting improved varieties and good methods, and coordinating production ecology. In December 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said in Jiangsu that modern and efficient agriculture is a good way for farmers to get rich. We should follow this path, make agricultural management profitable and make agriculture a promising industry.

The fifth is to build a modern agricultural management system. Modern agriculture should be guaranteed by modern management system. The extensive adoption of advanced management methods, the application of advanced management techniques and means, the organically connected industrial chain, the efficient channels of agricultural product sales and processing transformation, the efficient farmers’ production organization system and the efficient modern agricultural management system have all become the support and guarantee for the development of modern agriculture. To promote agricultural modernization, we should focus on accelerating the construction of modern agricultural industrial system, modern agricultural production system and modern agricultural management system, establish a government macro-control mechanism that is suitable for modern agriculture, and establish a sound agricultural support and protection system, including a legal system and a policy system.

Sixth, it is necessary to cultivate a new team of professional farmers. Modern agriculture should have high-quality farmers, high-quality agricultural breeding talents and management talents, which is the premise and foundation of modern agriculture and the key and requirement for its development. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the way out for agriculture lies in modernization, and the key is to strengthen the construction of agricultural scientific and technological talents and cultivate new professional farmers. In November 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Hunan that it is necessary to effectively run rural compulsory education so that the next generation in rural areas can acquire more knowledge and skills. In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once again clearly proposed to cultivate a "three rural" work team that understands agriculture, loves the countryside and loves farmers. Only by doing a good job in the work of agricultural talent team can we develop and strengthen the new agricultural management subject and continuously enhance the vitality of agricultural and rural development.

(Author: Yan Zhanding, executive director and professor of Central South University for Nationalities, theoretical system research center of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Hubei Province)

Jinyang. com reporter Fu Yi

Affected by Typhoon Ai Yunni on the 4th this year, heavy rain fell all over Guangdong Province. On the afternoon of the 8th, the reporter learned from the Guangdong Provincial Fire Corps that as of 7: 00 on the 8th, six red rainstorm warning signals were hoisted in Guangdong, including Foshan, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Zhaoqing, Yunfu and Yangjiang. From 0: 00 on June 6th to 11: 00 on the 8th, the province’s fire forces received 172 flood fighting and rescue reports, and dispatched 845 fire engines, 19 assault boats (boats) and 1,218 firefighters, evacuating and rescuing 1,504 trapped people, with no casualties.

Yunfu: The chicken farm exit was flooded by the river, and 38 people were trapped.

On the evening of the 7th, due to continuous rainfall, the river surged, and the only small bridge communicating with the outside world in a chicken farm in Liuzu Town, Xinxing County, Yunfu City was flooded by the river, causing 38 people to be trapped in the chicken farm.

Yunfu Xinxing Fire Department received an order from the police at 19: 50, and immediately dispatched 2 fire engines and 13 officers and men to the scene at 20: 12, and quickly launched rescue and disposal. At that time, the river was nearly 50 meters wide and the water was rushing. Seven fire officers and soldiers ventured into the trapped chicken farm in two batches. In the face of the rising river, fire officers and soldiers finally decided to rescue each other one by one. At one o’clock in the morning of June 8, after more than four hours of efforts by emerging fire officers and soldiers, all the trapped people were safely rescued.

Shaoguan: The bus flooded, trapping 23 students.

At 7: 45 on the 8th,  Ruyuan Fire Department received an order from the Fire Department 119 Command Center that a bus in Ruyuan County was turned off due to too deep water on the road, and 23 students (no college entrance examination candidates) were trapped.

After receiving the alarm, Ruyuan Fire immediately dispatched a fire truck and seven combatants to the scene for disposal. Arriving at the scene at 7: 48, the fire commander, after understanding the surrounding situation, asked the fire driver to drive the multifunctional city main battle fire truck to a suitable position, and then towed the bus to a safe area, successfully rescuing all the trapped passengers.

Zhaoqing: The road leading to the test center was flooded, and the fire truck rubber boat came to take the test.

At 6: 50 on the 8th, the fire department of Zhaoqing City received an alarm that the road leading to the examination room of No.2 Middle School in Gaoyao District was flooded, which affected more than 200 invigilators and candidates to enter the examination room. Gao Yao responded quickly to the fire, immediately launched emergency rescue measures, dispatched more than 40 fire officers and soldiers, and mobilized 5 fire engines and 3 rubber boats to rescue. Fire officers and soldiers picked up the trapped teachers and students along the street leading to the test sites and quickly sent them to the examination room. None of the candidates missed the test, and the college entrance examination papers were safely sent to the examination room.

Zhuhai: The construction site became an island and more than 200 workers were trapped.

At 7: 32 on the 8th, the fire department of Zhuhai received an alarm from the masses: more than 200 people were trapped at the Nanwan Garden site of Coral Sea in Sanzao Age, Jinwan District. Sanzao Firefighters quickly dispatched 3 fire engines and 15 commanders to the scene for disposal. After arriving at the site, I saw a piece of Wang Yang at the site, and the flood depth was waist-deep, completely isolating the construction site from the residential area, forming an isolated island. After on-site investigation, the fire commander quickly set up two search and rescue teams to transport the trapped people to the safe area in batches. After more than five hours of rescue, 21 batches of more than 200 trapped people were successfully transported to a safe area, and no one was injured.

As of press time, fire officers and soldiers all over the province are still struggling in the front line of rescue.

Changan Automobile’s new medium and large SUV Qiyuan E07 officially opened for pre-sale, with a pre-sale price of 24.99-31 9,900 yuan. This car adopts the SDA architecture and is the first "digital intelligence new car" built by Changan based on this architecture. It provides range extension and pure electric power options.

In terms of appearance, the Qiyuan E07 adopts a closed air intake grille and wheel hub, and the roof line continues to drop at the rear in a fully enclosed state, which is quite coupe SUV style. The center console in the car integrates almost all functions into the central control screen, and there is a folding screen on the top of the passenger’s head, which can be opened or closed at any time as needed.

In terms of smart driving, 11 cameras, 5 millimeter-wave radars, 12 ultrasonic radars and 2 lidars are standard on the vehicle. In addition, Qiyuan E07 is also equipped with intelligent driving assistance systems such as lane keeping assistance, parallel assistance, lane centering, automatic parking, valet parking and high-speed navigation.

In terms of power, the pure electric version includes two- and four-wheel drive models, with motor power of 165kW and 252kW respectively, and a maximum speed of 201km/h. The extended range version will have two versions of single and dual motors, equipped with a 1.5T engine as a range extender, with a maximum power of 131/231kW for the front and rear motors, which can provide 200 kilometers and 180 kilometers of battery life.

Although the body is highly recognizable and futuristic, it is not very friendly for traditional users to cancel the physical instrument screen and integrate it into the central control screen. But for the rapidly developing domestic new energy vehicle market, such a design still has positive significance.

ifeng.com Auto News On March 30, Sailis Group’s Chongqing Sailis Blue Electric Vehicle officially released a new new energy vehicle brand – Blue Electric. At the same time, the first model of the Blue Electric brand, Blue Electric E5, was officially launched. The new car is positioned as an electric hybrid medium-sized SUV, equipped with the Freddy electric hybrid system. A total of 2 models are launched, priced at 139,900 and 151,900 yuan respectively. Plus 2,000 yuan can be upgraded to a 5 + 2 seat version, becoming the first pure electric battery life of 100 kilometers in the current market. Electric hybrid medium-sized SUV.

In addition, Blue Power E5 provides users with triple car purchase benefits. Purchase Blue Power E5 from now on, the former 10,000 users can enjoy a discount of 1,000 to 10,000, and car buyers can also enjoy 4,000 yuan to increase the purchase fund and up to 6,000 yuan financial discount and other car purchase benefits.

In terms of appearance, the overall shape of the Scenic Blue Electric E5 is simple and atmospheric, and the skyline LED light strip on the front face is very recognizable, which makes people shine. The logo adopts a new English letter "E" LOGO, which presents the ecological meaning of the Internet of Everything through the artistic arrangement of nine dots, which not only complements the large-scale starlight dot matrix digital grille, but also highlights the integration of individual forces willing to participate in the sustainable development of the world in the E era.

On the side of the body, the lines of the new car are equally tough and smooth, the roof and lines are straight, and the window proportion is satisfactory. Like the front face, there are still many "high-end" elements that can be found in the details, such as the lower window line rising from the rear window is full of ingenuity, the double-color double five-star wheel hub, and the plastic hub cover is also installed thoughtfully, which reduces the wind resistance and improves the texture significantly. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the Blue Electric E5 are 4760/1865/1710mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 2785mm.

In terms of interior, the Blue Electric E5 is equipped with a double-spoke multi-function steering wheel and an integrated screen composed of full LCD meters + large-size central control screen, highlighting the overall design of technology. At the same time, the car system is equipped with HUAWEI Hicar 3.0, so there should be no problems in terms of practicality and expansion, and even in terms of localization customization, it will perform better. The screen quality and operation fluency are also excellent enough, and I believe this will be an absolute plus for the Scenic Blue Electric E5.

In terms of power, the blue electric E5 is equipped with Freddy electric hybrid, including a 1.5L high-efficiency plug-in hybrid special engine and a DHT300 electric hybrid system, which can achieve a perfect balance of energy consumption, power retention, NVH and acceleration. In terms of power performance, the maximum power of the new engine is 81kW, the maximum torque is 135N · m, the maximum power of the motor is 130kW, and the maximum torque is 300N · m; in terms of battery life, the NEDC pure electric battery life is up to 110km, and the WLTC comprehensive battery life is up to 1150km.

1905 movie network news On September 26, the 32nd Tokyo International Film Festival announced the nominations, and the Chinese-language film "Under the White Clouds" directed by Wang Rui was selected from 1,804 works and was shortlisted for the main competition. In addition, "Summer Night Knight" starring Guo Fucheng and starring Huang Lu, and the new film "Baby Revenge" directed by screenwriter Lu Yixin, three Chinese films will compete with five other works in the Asian Future Competition.

"Under the White Clouds," directed by Wang Rui, a professor at the Beijing Film Academy, and starring Jiri Mutu and Tana, with actors such as Tu Men and Alia also contributing splendid performances, tells the story of the plight of an ordinary Mongolian herdsman couple due to their different pursuits in life. It is worth mentioning that "Under the White Clouds" is the only Chinese-language film shortlisted for the main competition of this year’s Tokyo Film Festival.

"Mai Passerby" stills

Produced by Zheng Baorui and directed by Huang Qingxun, and co-starred by Guo Fucheng, Miriam Yeung, Wan Ziliang, Zhang Daming and Bao Qijing, "Mai Passerby" tells the story of a group of strangers from different backgrounds who meet in a fast food restaurant, support each other in the same boat, and live a warm story in the midst of hesitation. In an earlier interview, Guo Fucheng revealed that he played an ill-fated financial genius in the film. He admitted that he was moved by the script and hoped that the film would help people who really need help.

"Summer Night Knight" is written and directed by You Xing, starring Huang Lu, Lin Ludi, and Ji Lingchen. It tells the story of an eight-year-old boy, Tian Tian, who is determined to pursue justice by himself after his grandmother’s bicycle is stolen, and stages a plan to catch a thief.

"Baby’s Revenge," directed by Lu Yixin, screenwriter of "Chunjiao and Zhiming," and starring Chen Jing, tells the story of Jiamin’s sudden pregnancy, which makes her love freedom suffer, but eventually Jiamin finally realizes that the baby is a gift from heaven.

The Tokyo International Film Festival will be held from October 28 to November 5. The Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi will serve as the chairperson of the jury. The opening and closing films are "The Story of Injiro: Welcome Back", the 50th film in the "Injiro" series directed by Yoji Yamada, and a new film by Martin Scorsese.

The 32nd Tokyo Film Festival Main Competition Unit List:

"Under the White Clouds" (China)

"Traveling by Train" (Spain/France)

Atlantis (Ukraine)

"Comedy, Love the Wife Story" (Japan)

Disco (Norway)

"Funeral Food" (Turkey)

6.50 million Drug Addicts (Iran)

The Crying Woman (Guatemala/France)

Ma?anita (Philippines)

"Neville" (Italy)

"Only the Beast" (France)

(Japan/UK/Germany)

"Towards War" (France/Colombia)

"Uncle" (Denmark)

　

　　　 1905 movie network news At noon on May 13, Fan Bingbing Studio issued a statement on Weibo, stating that Fan Bingbing had not starred in the movie "Male God, Let’s Fall in Love", and reserved the right to pursue legal responsibility for the wanton propaganda of the merchant. According to the screenshot of the "false rumor" posted by Fan Bingbing Studio, the legendary "Male God, Let’s Fall in Love" will be played by Fan Bingbing and Jin ******* as a couple. Now the rumor has been broken, and some netizens said that Professor Du was also shot while lying down.

　　　 A few days ago, there were rumors on Weibo that a brand called "Third Meal Qingjing Fruit" would be implanted in the new film "Male God, Let’s Fall in Love" by Jin ******* and Fan Bingbing, and said that the "contract has been signed" and publicly solicited agents to join; the producer of the "film" is "Beijing Zhongchuan Cube". According to online information, the company is not involved in the film field, and its main participation in film and television projects is mostly "Lock Qingqiu" and other TV dramas.

　　　 At noon on May 13, Fan Bingbing Studio officially responded, issuing a statement saying that the news was not true and calling on netizens not to be blinded by the wanton propaganda of some merchants and "beware of being deceived". At the same time, Fan Bingbing will reserve the right to pursue legal responsibility. Later, Fan Bingbing himself also forwarded the Weibo. A large number of netizens said in the comments that "Muse is too famous, and it is inevitable that unscrupulous merchants will use it to hype it." Some netizens laughed and said: "Professor Du was shot while lying down."

　　　 In addition, Fan Bingbing Studio also said that Fan Bingbing departed from Shanghai on the evening of May 12 for the 68th Cannes Film Festival. As a frequent guest on the red carpet of the Cannes Film Festival, Fan Bingbing has produced "representative works" such as dragon robes, crane costumes, and blue and white porcelain. This year’s Cannes Film Festival, Fan Bingbing is still invited by the brand, and the new style of the red carpet is highly anticipated.

　　Xiaomi Group (01810.HK) announced that Lei Jun, the chairman and CEO, received an annual salary of 10 billion yuan, which aroused widespread concern.

　　The salary of the five highest paid people disclosed in Xiaomi’s annual report on April 8. On April 8, the 2018 annual report released by Xiaomi showed that the annual salary of the five highest paid people in the Group totaled 10.218 billion yuan, of which the four employees with lower annual salary were all between 30 million and 100 million yuan, except for one employee whose annual salary was marked as "150 million yuan to 15 billion yuan". Based on this calculation, the annual salary of the highest paid Xiaomi employee was at least 9.818 billion yuan.

　　Screenshot of Xiaomi’s voluntary announcement on April 10. On the morning of April 10th, Xiaomi made a special announcement, confirming that the salary of a special person mentioned in Xiaomi’s annual report ranged from HK$ 150 million (equivalent to about RMB 128 million) to HK$ 15 billion (equivalent to about RMB 12.8 billion). The special person was Lei Jun..

　　However, the announcement clarifies that this part of wealth is mainly a one-time issuance of 636 million Class B common shares to entities controlled by Lei Jun on April 2, 2018. Moreover, as of April 10, the relevant shares are still held by entities controlled by Lei Jun and have not been sold.

　　Previously, Lei Jun promised to donate all the relevant shares for public welfare purposes after deducting any taxes payable.

　　The Paper checked Xiaomi’s prospectus and found that before Xiaomi went public, Xiaomi Company issued about 64 million Class B common shares to Smart Mobile Holding Limited controlled by Lei Jun as equity incentive in April 2018. These shares accounted for about 2% of the total share capital, which was close to 9.9 billion yuan according to the valuation at that time.

　　In the first financial report released by Xiaomi after listing in August 2018, Xiaomi also made relevant disclosures. The financial report shows that Xiaomi’s total salary expenses (including share-based salary expenses) are RMB 11.643 billion, an increase of 666% over the previous quarter, which is due to the one-time share-based salary of RMB 9.9 billion in the second quarter of 2018. At that time, people close to Xiaomi revealed to The Paper that this 9.9 billion yuan option reward was the gift package that the company rewarded Lei Jun on the eve of listing.

　　In 2018, Xiaomi’s annual income was 174.915 billion yuan, turning losses into profits and earning 13.478 billion yuan. On April 10th, Xiaomi Group opened at HK$ 11.60 (equivalent to RMB about 9.9 yuan), with a market value of HK$ 287.8 billion (equivalent to RMB 246.2 billion).

　　Investigation motive

　　With the implementation of the national fitness policy and the public’s concern about health problems, more people began to walk into gyms. Where there is demand, there is a market, and gyms around citizens’ places of residence have mushroomed everywhere. However, as the fitness market becomes more and more popular, many problems are gradually exposed, among which the professional problem of fitness instructors is the most reflected by the public. How to identify the qualification of fitness instructor? How to standardize and effectively supervise the fitness market? Around these problems, the reporter of Legal Daily conducted an investigation on the fitness market in Beijing.

　　□ Legal Daily reporter Shuai Biao

　　□ Legal Daily reporter Lian Yingting

　　At 7 o’clock every night, the members who come to the gym crowded the small gym and sweated on all kinds of equipment, while a coach stared at the members’ movements.

　　This is a chain gym located in Beijing’s North Fourth Ring Road. Jing He worked out in this gym, but after two weeks of exercise, Jing He decided not to go here again.

　　Jing He, who has many years’ experience in horse racing and fitness, found the problem without practicing here for several times. "The coaches here are unprofessional." Jing He told the Legal Daily reporter bluntly, "I found that many members’ actions were wrong, but the coaches didn’t correct them, and even some coaches’ actions were wrong. It is too dangerous to exercise like this. "

　　In recent years, the popularity of the fitness market has made many people smell business opportunities. Not only gyms can be seen everywhere, but also some fitness instructor training institutions have emerged. However, whether it is a gym or a coach training institution, its professionalism is worrying.

　　According to the investigation by the reporter of Legal Daily, most of these coach training institutions have short training time and low gold content in their certificates. In addition, the threshold for fitness coaches is low and there is no uniform standard for qualification certificates, which leads to uneven levels of coaches in the domestic fitness industry, chaotic fitness coach qualification examinations and lack of supervision.

　　Fitness instructor qualification training

　　You can pass the exam by paying.

　　On the morning of September 19th, the reporter of Legal Daily went to a gym in Wangjing, Beijing, which was in a relatively prosperous area and medium-sized. After entering the gym, the reporter found that the fitness equipment here is different from the traditional fitness equipment.

　　Manager Wu Jiao told the reporter that this store belongs to foreign countries, which is different from the route taken by ordinary gyms in China. "All our technical systems are imported from the United States."

　　The reporter saw in this gym that a whiteboard records the daily training contents and achievements of members, and the coach gives lectures to members intensively every day. This form is rare.

　　As for the teaching staff, Wu Jiao told reporters that the coaches here are all certificates issued by foreign countries, and all coaches have to undergo all the training in the technical system before they can take up their posts. If you want to get this kind of primary certificate issued abroad, you only need to train for two days and then take the exam, and the rest of the time is self-study. It is more difficult to get a higher level certificate. First, you have to pass the English test, and second, the professional training exam is also real.

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, the qualification certificates of fitness instructors mainly include Asian Fitness Certificate, National Fitness Instructor Professional Qualification Certificate, American Fitness Certificate, CSCS Fitness Instructor Certificate and other certificates issued by domestic fitness colleges. Among them, the National Physical Fitness Association (NSCA) registered physical fitness training experts (CSCS) certification pass rate is very low.

　　At present, domestic fitness instructors generally have two certificates, one is the national fitness instructor professional qualification certificate issued by the Vocational Skills Center of the State Sports General Administration, and the other is the Asian physical fitness certificate.

　　An industry insider told reporters that the Asian Physical Fitness Certificate is the easiest to obtain, so most fitness instructors have this certificate. The National Fitness Coach Professional Qualification Certificate is jointly made by the State Sports Bureau and non-governmental organizations. In fact, non-governmental organizations borrow the signboard of the Sports Bureau.

　　Wang Weida, who works as a fitness instructor, told the Legal Daily reporter that the national fitness instructor’s professional qualification certificate is not a hard indicator. However, in order to attract members to buy classes, many gyms will encourage coaches to do more research, making more and more coach training institutions cooperate with gyms.

　　The process of this kind of textual research is to pay the training institution a fee of about 3,000 yuan to 4,000 yuan, train for about one week, and then take the exam.

　　Wang Weida said: "This kind of exam is easy to pass. Even if you fail, you can make up the exam for free. Nowadays, the demand for fitness instructors is in short supply, so many training institutions can let you live for money, which is beneficial to both sides. If the training fails for half a day, the money is equal to nothing, so as long as you pay, you have to let them pass. "

　　According to Bao Ke, a fitness and bodybuilding teacher in Beijing Sport University, there are not many professional coach training institutions. Many training institutions want to seize this opportunity to make a fortune, so they will train and issue certificates as soon as possible.

　　"Now there are many certificates that are more interesting, such as qualification certificate and training certificate. The qualification certificate means that you passed the exam through training, and the training certificate means that you participated in the training." Burke said.

　　The teaching staff is uneven

　　How much is the main business of coaching?

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, at present, there is no rigid requirement in the fitness industry that you must hold a certificate before you can take up your post. Therefore, some people without professional background can take up their posts after short-term training. The threshold of fitness industry is too low, which gives many non-professionals the opportunity to enter.

　　Leo, a bodybuilding student, told the reporter of Legal Daily, "When we are training in the gym, we often see many unprofessional coaches instructing members to make some wrong moves, which will lead to muscle injury in the long run. The so-called coaches have never studied systematic courses at all, and even some gyms will post the qualifications in the coach’s resume on the wall in order to attract members to buy courses. There are all kinds of certificates, which are actually fictitious. "

　　"In fact, many gyms lack professional coaches. I brought 48 bodybuilding graduates this year, and only 4 of them chose to work in the gym, but there are many gyms that I want this year. At present, the gym mainly depends on sales performance, not that the salary you get with good skills is relatively high. In the final analysis, it depends on how to make money for the gym, which also leads some more professional fitness instructors to choose this line. " Bao Ke said that in the gym, selling courses has become the coach’s main business. As long as the courses are sold more and can help the gym make money, nothing else is important. It turns out that every gym has a tour coach, who will guide all members for free to attract customers to buy his private lessons. Now, coaches don’t want to make a tour, but sell more private lessons, giving less and less guidance to members unless you are willing to pay a higher price for private lessons. Therefore, many gym coaches are now looking at money.

　　Jing He also told reporters that once, when she was exercising, she saw the coaches in the gym receiving training. "When I listened carefully, I didn’t train professional knowledge at all, but taught them how to sell private lessons.".

　　Bao Ke also mentioned that at present, there is no good evaluation mechanism for the qualifications of coaches in China, which also leads to uneven levels of fitness coaches.

　　"Now the national fitness is advocated, and the fitness market is also hot, but from a practical point of view, every member can really benefit very little, and the gyms that really do this can be said to be rare." Burke said.

　　Regarding the reasons for this kind of problem, Bao Ke believes that there is no special regulatory body in China, and the fitness market is basically market-oriented.

　　Coach qualification standards to be unified

　　Training institutions need to strengthen supervision.

　　In November, 2015, the Career Development Report of Fitness Coaches in China released by the Vocational Skills Appraisal Guidance Center of the State General Administration of Sport stated that in the private education industry, 52% of the "newcomers" who have been employed for one to three years have professional background, and the remaining 48% have no professional background.

　　Guo Yong, a bodybuilding coach of the national team and a lecturer in bodybuilding major at Beijing Sport University, told the Legal Daily reporter that professional background mainly refers to sports-related background, such as students from sports institutes and sports majors, not necessarily specialized in fitness.

　　In addition to professional background, those who have been promoted from different channels to coaches hold different certificates. At present, there are no uniform norms and standards for the qualification of fitness instructors in China.

　　"I think it is difficult for the fitness instructor qualification certificate to reach a unified standard, and it is also difficult to achieve effective supervision." Bao Ke said that the fitness instructor grade examination in the Human Resources Center of the General Administration of Sport is relatively formal. However, in order to standardize and effectively supervise, I personally think that the gym needs to cooperate first, that is, you can’t work without a qualification certificate; Secondly, improve the member identification ability; Finally, the industrial and commercial department should assess how many teachers and abilities there are in the gym, instead of having a business license and a venue to open a gym.

　　Wu Jiao believes that we should start from the source, that is, the operator. Operators must attach importance to coaches first, and train coaches from all aspects, instead of letting coaches be salespeople. Now many coaches basically sell classes after going to the gym; Secondly, for coaches, we should pay more attention to the evaluation of members or the performance of teaching. If we only look at how many classes have been sold, the professionalism of the coaches themselves will not improve. In addition, there is nothing wrong with letting go of the threshold. The key is how to train these coaches after entering, which is a very key link.

　　Guo Yong believes that the chaos in the fitness market is a normal phenomenon, and all industries have such a process, which gradually moves from immaturity to maturity, from non-standardization to standardization, and from professionalism to professionalism.

　　"I think that the qualifications of fitness instructors in the future are diversified, and fitness instructors are a skill. It is impossible to force the qualification examination at present. Moreover, it cannot be said that the qualification certificates issued by some institutions are not good. I think the training of fitness instructors is much better than before, and there will definitely be more and more training institutions in the future. In the end, who can stay depends on the market. " Guo Yong said.

　　Cartography/Gao Yue